{"id":98682,"date":"2018-07-09T18:02:27","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T15:02:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wall\/wall-1175\/"},"modified":"2022-02-02T19:45:39","modified_gmt":"2022-02-02T17:45:39","slug":"wall-1175","status":"publish","type":"wall","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wall\/wall-1175\/","title":{"rendered":"weekend-from-20250608-to-20250614"},"parent":0,"template":"","acf":{"type":"weekend","wall_id":"1175","date_from":"20250608","date_to":"20250614","book":"I Chronicles","books_group":"Writings","posts":[{"order":1,"id":"99224","color":"#f8ebe3","size":"2","name":"Vayishlach: Wrestling Awaits even in the Shmita Year ","post_title":"Vayishlach: Wrestling Awaits even in the Shmita Year","slug":"vayishlach-wrestling-awaits-even-in-the-shmita-year","old_id":"99224","type":"song","iframe":"","writer":{"id":93835,"post_title":"Bruce Spierer","slug":"bruce-spierer","old_id":"93835","first_name":"Bruce ","last_name":"Spierer ","description":"Bruce Spierer is the Public Education Manager at Hazon. Bruce brings ten years of experience working in urban agriculture, community composting, and public horticulture. Bruce is an amateur naturalist, lover of composting, and an avid fermenter of food and drink.","short_description":"Bruce Spierer is the Public Education Manager at Hazon. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":93841,"alt":"","title":"bruce-spierer","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","medium-width":150,"medium-height":150,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","medium_large-width":150,"medium_large-height":150,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","large-width":150,"large-height":150,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","1536x1536-width":150,"1536x1536-height":150,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","2048x2048-width":150,"2048x2048-height":150,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","post_full_size-width":150,"post_full_size-height":150,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/bruce-spierer.jpg","home_baner-width":150,"home_baner-height":150}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"1175","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"When you finally slow down for the shmita year, don\u2019t be surprised if there is confrontation waiting for you to wrestle with. If you see it through, you might find new blessings in your life.\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

In Parashat Vayishlach, Jacob returns to his homeland of Canaan after living with his uncle for fourteen years. He now has a large family, two wives and eleven children, and amassed some wealth. After reconciling with his brother Esau, from whom he initially fled, his family arrived at Shechem. There Jacob\u2019s daughter, Dinah, is raped and taken by Shechem (the local chieftain\u2019s son). Her brothers Simeon and Levi slaughter Shechem and his house to retrieve Dinah. (I encourage you to learn more about this difficult passage - commentaries on 929<\/a>, \u00a0My Jewish Learning<\/a> and source on Sefaria<\/a> are good starting points.) The parashah concludes with God renewing the covenant with Jacob, the death of Rachel in childbirth, and a record Esau descendants.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

When he first arrives in Canaan, Jacob sends word of his arrival to Esau. Esau replies that he will meet Jacob with 400 men.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

400 men? 400 men! Does he mean to honor Jacob or kill him and his family?<\/p>\r\n

Uncertain about Esau\u2019s response, Jacob anxiously prepares to both appease his estranged brother and protect his family. During the day, he sends servants ahead to present Esau with gifts. At night, he sends his family and possessions away to safety, across the Jabbok stream, in case Esau attacks. After all this work is done, the text tells us, \u201cJacob was left alone...\u201d (Gen 32:25)<\/p>\r\n

The extent and intensity of his preparations are punctuated by his sudden aloneness. This change in energy is further highlighted by the following scene.\u00a0 The narrative continues, \u201cJacob was left alone. And a man wrestled with him until the break of dawn.\u201d (Gen 32:25) Neither person wins the match, though Jacob is injured. Jacob believes this man is a divine being and demands to receive a blessing. So the man renames Jacob to \u201cIsrael\u201d, which later becomes the namesake of the Jewish nation.<\/p>\r\n

Shmita and the weekly Shabbat, both asked us to consider, what happens when we cease worrying and working, and surrender to rest and solitude?\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

The parashah responds that we may find someone (or something) waiting to confront us, to wrestle with us.<\/p>\r\n

Just like the parashah, who we will wrestle with is unclear. Was the man an angel? A soldier of Esau? A manifestation of Jacob\u2019s unconscious? We too don\u2019t know what confrontation awaits us when we stop our laboring and doing to take time alone.<\/p>\r\n

This confrontation was consequential for Jacob - he left both physically and psychologically altered. But, what if he never stopped and avoided this painful confrontation all his life? What blessings would he have missed out on? Would he have fulfilled the purpose God laid out for him?<\/p>\r\n

When you finally slow down for the shmita year, don\u2019t be surprised if there is confrontation waiting for you to wrestle with. If you see it through, you might find new blessings in your life.<\/p>\r\n

This year is the shmita year: Shmita means a sabbatical year for the Earth but also for ourselves, our communities, and our world. Each week we continue to share thoughts on how the weekly parsha can help guide our thinking around shmita themes of work and rest, wealth and debt, responsible land use, fair labor practices, private and public property ownership, and physical and spiritual revitalization.<\/em><\/p>\r\n

See here for more information on the Hazon Shmita project, and its blogs.<\/a><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":81608,"alt":"","title":"shmita","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","width":711,"height":708,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","medium_large-width":711,"medium_large-height":708,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","large-width":711,"large-height":708,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","1536x1536-width":711,"1536x1536-height":708,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","2048x2048-width":711,"2048x2048-height":708,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","post_full_size-width":711,"post_full_size-height":708,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita-422x420.jpg","home_baner-width":422,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"A Weekly Series: The \"Shmitah Parasha\" Blog","tile_main_caption":"Vayishlach: Wrestling Awaits even in the Shmita Year","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"in conjunction with Hazon.org","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":81608,"alt":"","title":"shmita","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","width":711,"height":708,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","medium_large-width":711,"medium_large-height":708,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","large-width":711,"large-height":708,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","1536x1536-width":711,"1536x1536-height":708,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","2048x2048-width":711,"2048x2048-height":708,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita.jpg","post_full_size-width":711,"post_full_size-height":708,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shmita-422x420.jpg","home_baner-width":422,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":false,"chapter_main_number":false,"date":false,"wall_id":"1175"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":2,"id":"99032","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Faith And Courage: To Wait Or To Act? ","post_title":"Faith And Courage: To Wait Or To Act?","slug":"faith-and-courage-to-wait-or-to-act","old_id":"99032","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":92960,"post_title":"Calev Ben-Dor","slug":"calev-ben-dor","old_id":"92960","first_name":"Calev ","last_name":"Ben-Dor ","description":"Having grown up in London, Calev Ben-Dor now lives in Jerusalem with his family. He writes and teaches about Israel and Judaism and is involved in a Whatsapp facilitated 929 learning group with members from across the world.","short_description":"Calev Ben-Dor lives in Jerusalem and writes and teaches about Israel and Judaism.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":92962,"alt":"","title":"calev ben dor","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1.jpg","width":428,"height":414,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1-300x290.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":290,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1.jpg","medium_large-width":428,"medium_large-height":414,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1.jpg","large-width":428,"large-height":414,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1.jpg","1536x1536-width":428,"1536x1536-height":414,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1.jpg","2048x2048-width":428,"2048x2048-height":414,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1.jpg","post_full_size-width":428,"post_full_size-height":414,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/calev-ben-dor-1.jpg","home_baner-width":428,"home_baner-height":414}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"871","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"A fascinating little-known story from the recesses of Jewish history\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

In early 1902 in Odessa the young and gifted poet, Hayyim Nahman Bialik, was working on a poem in which the protagonists would be heroic biblical figures seeking to enter the land of Israel without any divine guarantee of success.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The result, <\/span>Metei Midbar<\/span><\/em>, the Dead of the Desert, was published that spring and focused on Israelites who \u2013 after the sin of the spies and God\u2019s declaration that the entire generation would not merit entry to the land \u2013 sought to go anyway. Chapter 15 of Bamidbar\/Numbers describes how these Israelites \u2013 the <\/span>Ma\u2019apilim<\/em> <\/span>\u2013 were destroyed by Amalekites and Canaanites.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Bialik\u2019s heroes represented values early Zionist thinkers sought to inculcate: that passive reliance on God wasn\u2019t helping; that people needed to take initiative; and that a new Hebrew person needed to be created, imbued with what Max Nordau in 1898 had called \u2018muscular Judaism.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Individuals historically denigrated by Rabbinic Judaism thus gained a new lease of life. Yitzchak Tabenkin a founder of the Kibbutz movement, argued that \u201cour national existence was preserved by the military valour of the Jewish zealots [during 2<\/span>nd<\/span> temple times] and its memory.\u201d Nordau wrote of how Bar Kochba, leader of the failed rebellion against Rome 60 years later, was \u201cthe last embodiment in world history of a bellicose, military Jewry.\u201d Characters such as the <\/span>Ma\u2019apilim<\/span><\/em>, the zealots, Bar Kochba and the Maccabees signified the heroic and rebellious part of Jewishness that early Zionist intellectuals believed had been lost (or pacified by the Rabbis.) Indeed, when the British Mandatory authorities barred mass Jewish immigration to Palestine, those trying to get in were known as the <\/span>Ma'apilim<\/span><\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

All of which makes it so surprising that <\/span>one<\/span><\/i> group \u2013 whose story predates the <\/span>Ma\u2019apilim<\/span><\/em> \u2013 were seemingly forgotten. Yet their roots can be found in 1 Chron. 7.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And the sons of Ephraim: Shuthelah--and Bered was his son\u2026 And Ezer, and Elead, whom the men of Gath that were born in the land slew, because they came down to take away their cattle.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ephraim was born and died in Egypt. The Exodus hasn\u2019t happened yet. Yet his descendants Ezer and Elad were reported killed by Philistines in Gat in Canaan. How did they get there?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Shir Hashirim Rabbah and Shemot Rabbah explain that the Children of Ephraim (mis)calculated the end of time of the exile by 30 years (they counted 400 years from the <\/span>Brit Bein HaBetarim<\/span><\/em>, Abraham\u2019s covenant between the pieces,\u00a0 rather than from the birth of Isaac).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Picture the scene. The Israelites are deep in slavery, crying for salvation. The 400 years are seemingly up and neither Moses nor God are anywhere to be seen. It is then that Ephraim\u2019s descendants lead their followers (Midrashic figures put numbers at an astronomical 180,000 \u2013 300,000) to Canaan where they are tragically killed.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Why this proto-Zionist story never made it people\u2019s consciousness is unclear. But Ephraim\u2019s children certainly deserve their place amongst other tough, fearless Jews who prioritized initiative over waiting passively for God.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":78957,"alt":"","title":"hag1-encourage","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage.jpg","width":1280,"height":720,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-300x169.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":169,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-768x432.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":432,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-1024x576.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":576,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage.jpg","1536x1536-width":1280,"1536x1536-height":720,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage.jpg","2048x2048-width":1280,"2048x2048-height":720,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-1200x675.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":675,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-747x420.jpg","home_baner-width":747,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Faith And Courage: To Wait Or To Act?","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"A fascinating little-known story from the recesses of Jewish history","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":78957,"alt":"","title":"hag1-encourage","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage.jpg","width":1280,"height":720,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-300x169.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":169,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-768x432.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":432,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-1024x576.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":576,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage.jpg","1536x1536-width":1280,"1536x1536-height":720,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage.jpg","2048x2048-width":1280,"2048x2048-height":720,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-1200x675.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":675,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hag1-encourage-747x420.jpg","home_baner-width":747,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"7","chapter_main_number":"871","date":"20281231","wall_id":"871"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":3,"id":"99029","color":"#f6f5de","size":"1","name":"Parents, Children, Nieces, Nephews ","post_title":"Parents, Children, Nieces, Nephews","slug":"parents-children-nieces-nephews","old_id":"99029","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":64450,"post_title":"David Curwin","slug":"david-curwin","old_id":"64450","first_name":"David ","last_name":"Curwin ","description":"David Curwin is a writer living in Efrat, and the author of the Balashon blog www.balashon.com","short_description":"David Curwin is a writer living in Efrat, and the author of the Balashon blog www.balashon.com","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":64452,"alt":"","title":"david 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development of the extended family\u00a0\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

In 1 Chronicles 7, when listing the families from the tribe of Manasseh, mention is made of the children of a man named Shemida (whose own ancestry isn\u2019t noted):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cThe sons of Shemida were Ahian, Shechem, Likhi, and Aniam.\u201d (1 Chron 7:19)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The name Ahian (or <\/span>Achyan<\/span><\/em>\u00a0in Hebrew appears only in this verse. The Daat Mikra commentary offers a few possible meanings to the name. It quotes an opinion that it may mean \u201cmy brother <\/span>ach<\/span><\/em>\u201d or it is a shortened version of \u201cGod is my friend (literarily, \u201cbrother.\u201d) A third option is that it means \u201cthe son of my brother\u201d (i.e., nephew), perhaps one who was raised by an uncle.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

To those who speak Hebrew today, the last possibility will seem most likely, since the word for \u201cnephew\u201d in current Hebrew is <\/span>achyan<\/span><\/em>. But that is a very recent development \u2013 it has only been popular in the past few decades (along with <\/span>achyanit<\/span><\/em>\u00a0for \u201cniece\u201d). So how did Hebrew speakers previously refer to nephews and nieces?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Some used the compound <\/span>ben-ach<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u2013 \u201cbrother\u2019s son,\u201d or any other combination (e.g., brother\u2019s daughter, sister\u2019s son, etc.) However, there were other options consisting of only one word.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A suggestion by the Hebrew Language Committee (the pre-State predecessor of the Academy of the Hebrew Language) was <\/span>nechdan<\/span><\/em>. They point out that in the Middle Ages, the word <\/span>neched<\/span><\/em>\u00a0was used for \u201cnephew,\u201d and is still used by some people. But since <\/span>neched<\/span><\/em>\u00a0can also mean \u201cgrandson,\u201d they recommended adding the suffix <\/span>-an<\/span><\/em>\u00a0to distinguish between the two.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The connection between \u201cnephew\u201d and \u201cgrandson\u201d can be found in a number of European languages as well. The Latin <\/span>nepos<\/span><\/em>\u00a0meant both, and it eventually gave us the English words \u201cnephew\u201d and \u201cniece\u201d which continued to mean both \u201cniece\/nephew\u201d and \u201cgrandson\/granddaughter\u201d until the 1600s.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Why did both Hebrew and Latin reuse the same words for varying family relationships? Scholars say that in those days, family titles weren\u2019t as significant as they are today. We see a number of cases in the Bible where even now we aren\u2019t sure about how people were related to each other, like Abraham and Sarah, or Mordechai and Esther.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Today, that type of ambiguity won\u2019t suffice. People want words that make it clear who is a nephew or niece, who is a cousin, and who is a grandchild. And if takes rescuing the biblical Ahian from relative obscurity, then so be it!<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":99030,"alt":"","title":"1chron7-nephews family","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-1024x683.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":683,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-1200x800.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":800,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-630x420.jpg","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Parents, Children, Nieces, Nephews","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"The development of the extended family\u00a0","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":99030,"alt":"","title":"1chron7-nephews family","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-1024x683.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":683,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-1200x800.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":800,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron7-nephews-family-630x420.jpg","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"7","chapter_main_number":"871","date":"20281231","wall_id":"871"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":4,"id":"99047","color":"#efefef","size":"1","name":"And Benjamin Begot: Selfing Myself in 1 Chronicles 8 ","post_title":"And Benjamin Begot: Selfing Myself in 1 Chronicles 8","slug":"and-benjamin-begot-selfing-myself-in-1-chronicles-8","old_id":"99047","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":59587,"post_title":"Benjamin Morse","slug":"benjamin-morse","old_id":"59587","first_name":"Benjamin ","last_name":"Morse ","description":"Dr. Benjamin Morse studied religion and art history at Vassar, Oxford, and the Courtauld before completing a PhD in biblical interpretation. 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","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":59588,"alt":"","title":"Benjamin Morse by Lenka Opalena","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena.jpg","width":1069,"height":1576,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena-203x300.jpg","medium-width":203,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena-695x1024.jpg","medium_large-width":695,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena-695x1024.jpg","large-width":695,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena.jpg","1536x1536-width":1042,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena.jpg","2048x2048-width":1069,"2048x2048-height":1576,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena-814x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":814,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/Benjamin-Morse-by-Lenka-Opalena-285x420.jpg","home_baner-width":285,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"872","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Saying their names does not keep them alive but it respects the hand that recorded them\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

A member of my book group recently shared that she didn\u2019t \u201cfeel seen\u201d by the novel we were reading, a dynamic that made her \u201cdeeply uncomfortable.\u201d I should be used to the trend that says feelings are in fact facts, but this one floored me. When, my internal cynic asked, has it ever been a narrative\u2019s role to see me? Surely the responsibility for seeking identification with a text lies with the reader.<\/p>\r\n

I am guilty however of choosing the chapter in 1 Chronicles that begins with my name. As a cumbersome genealogy whose purpose is to locate the tribe of Benjamin within \u201cthe events of the day,\u201d chapter 8 is blind to my existence. It insists on a family tree that is Benjamin-down, rather than Benjamin-up.<\/p>\r\n

Yet if I activate a relationship with the written word, I can find multiple points with which to commune. They may not be much, but they are better than stewing in a corner of isolation. Benjamin who begets five offspring asks me to consider my legacies to date. Childless, I can instead take stock of my limited achievements and contemplate if and how I will be remembered. The exiled chiefs (vv. 6-8) can in turn alert me to lost tribes within the tides of humanity; they raise questions about land ownership (13) in the long arc of civilization. More obscure names follow, until we pause to learn a number dwelt in Jerusalem (28). An anchor, a return, a reminder that this clan had a claim on the holy city equal to Judah\u2019s.<\/p>\r\n

The descendants of Gibeon then commit a disjunctive error found in the previous verses: we cannot connect Saul and Jonathan to this ancestor because the Chronicler doesn\u2019t say who fathered Saul\u2019s grandfather (33). Has this link been lost, or is the text conspicuously ignoring my need for a tidy line of succession?<\/p>\r\n

The Benjaminites seal the pre-exilic genealogies with their men of substance, excellent archers whose prolific progeny (40) help fulfil the covenant at Bethel. It is reassuring to know certain promises come true\u2014that ideas which started small can multiply till they are like stars in the sky.<\/p>\r\n

Beyond Benjamin, these are the names of men (and a few women) who once lived. We can doubt the literal accuracy of such lists but have every reason to believe people named Uzza, Shaharaim, Abdon, Zichri, and Eliphelet once left footprints in Moab (8) and in the hills north of Judah. Sons called Ishpan and Iphdeiah obeyed and rebelled against dads like Shashak. The Hodeshes who gave their husbands seven sons (9), did they see the mere two born to Hushims as superfluous?<\/p>\r\n

Saying their names does not keep them alive but it respects the hand that recorded them, the passing of so many batons from one child of Israel to the next, the unfathomable totality of the ones who went before.<\/p>\r\n

Consider not just yourself, Benjamin, but the infinite utterances, generations ago, century after century.<\/p>\r\n

And be humbled.<\/p>\r\n

Image: The author with his father.<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":99048,"alt":"","title":"1chron8-BMorse and father","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father.jpg","width":2434,"height":2479,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-295x300.jpg","medium-width":295,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-768x782.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":782,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-1005x1024.jpg","large-width":1005,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father.jpg","1536x1536-width":1508,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father.jpg","2048x2048-width":2011,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-1178x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1178,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-412x420.jpg","home_baner-width":412,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"And Benjamin Begot: Selfing Myself in 1 Chronicles 8","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Saying their names does not keep them alive but it respects the hand that recorded them","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":99048,"alt":"","title":"1chron8-BMorse and father","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father.jpg","width":2434,"height":2479,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-295x300.jpg","medium-width":295,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-768x782.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":782,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-1005x1024.jpg","large-width":1005,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father.jpg","1536x1536-width":1508,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father.jpg","2048x2048-width":2011,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-1178x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1178,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron8-BMorse-and-father-412x420.jpg","home_baner-width":412,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"8","chapter_main_number":"872","date":"20290101","wall_id":"872"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":5,"id":"99052","color":"#f2e9df","size":"1","name":"Better (Not) Call Saul ","post_title":"Better (Not) Call Saul","slug":"better-not-call-saul","old_id":"99052","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":78133,"post_title":"Josh Blechner","slug":"josh-blechner","old_id":"78133","first_name":"Josh ","last_name":"Blechner ","description":"Josh first finished the Tanach during Yeshiva in Mevaseret Zion. He and his daughter studied the Tanach again for her bat mitzvah. Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group. When not studying for 929, Josh works as an in-house lawyer in New Jersey.","short_description":"Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group, and is an in-house attorney in New Jersey. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":78134,"alt":"","title":"josh blechner","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","width":276,"height":351,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-236x300.jpg","medium-width":236,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","medium_large-width":276,"medium_large-height":351,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","large-width":276,"large-height":351,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","1536x1536-width":276,"1536x1536-height":351,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","2048x2048-width":276,"2048x2048-height":351,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","post_full_size-width":276,"post_full_size-height":351,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","home_baner-width":276,"home_baner-height":351}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"872","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"The forgotten king\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Chapter 8 continues the lineage through the final brothers ending with the tribe of Benjamin. Of course, the most important Benjamite is King Saul- the first king of Israel.\u00a0 He is listed here: \u201cAnd Ner begot Kish, and Kish begot Saul, and Saul begot Jonathan, and Malkishua and Avinadav and Eshba'al\u201d (Verse 33).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The first king of Israel is simply listed in a regular genealogy. Nothing is mentioned about his time as a royal or how long he reigned. Later in chapter 10 we hear about the end of his life, but there is no mention of his rule here. Contrast this with when David is mentioned. In chapter three we have a list of his sons and the fact that David ruled first in Hebron. \u201csix were born to him in Hebron. He reigned there seven years and six months, and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty-three years\u201d (3:4). In chapter 4 we learn about towns that were around until David became king. Saul receives no such accolades.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Once again it is clear that Chronicles is written from the perspective of the house of David. Eliminating Saul from the lineage entirely would be too much, but removing reference to him being king is doing just enough to keep the record accurate without the messiness of calling Saul the king.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Ellie Marcuse, \u201cDeath of King Saul\", 1848 - Tel Aviv Museum of Art \/ wikimedia<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":59478,"alt":"","title":"isam31-saul","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","width":441,"height":599,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul-221x300.jpg","medium-width":221,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","medium_large-width":441,"medium_large-height":599,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","large-width":441,"large-height":599,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","1536x1536-width":441,"1536x1536-height":599,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","2048x2048-width":441,"2048x2048-height":599,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","post_full_size-width":441,"post_full_size-height":599,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul-309x420.jpg","home_baner-width":309,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Better (Not) Call Saul","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"The forgotten king","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":59478,"alt":"","title":"isam31-saul","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","width":441,"height":599,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul-221x300.jpg","medium-width":221,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","medium_large-width":441,"medium_large-height":599,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","large-width":441,"large-height":599,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","1536x1536-width":441,"1536x1536-height":599,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","2048x2048-width":441,"2048x2048-height":599,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul.jpg","post_full_size-width":441,"post_full_size-height":599,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam31-saul-309x420.jpg","home_baner-width":309,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"8","chapter_main_number":"872","date":"20290101","wall_id":"872"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":6,"id":"99085","color":"#f6edf6","size":"1","name":"Changing Times, Changing People ","post_title":"Changing Times, Changing People","slug":"changing-times-changing-people","old_id":"99085","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":70715,"post_title":"Judry Subar","slug":"judry-subar","old_id":"70715","first_name":"Judry ","last_name":"Subar","description":"Judry Subar, who lives in Potomac, Maryland, spent most of his professional career as a lawyer with the federal government in Washington, DC. Since his retirement, Jud has been involved in various writing and educational projects.","short_description":"Judry Subar spent most of his professional career as a lawyer with the federal government in Washington. Since his retirement, he has been involved in various writing and educational projects.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":70716,"alt":"","title":"judry subar","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar.jpg","width":400,"height":400,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar.jpg","medium_large-width":400,"medium_large-height":400,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar.jpg","large-width":400,"large-height":400,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar.jpg","1536x1536-width":400,"1536x1536-height":400,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar.jpg","2048x2048-width":400,"2048x2048-height":400,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar.jpg","post_full_size-width":400,"post_full_size-height":400,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/judry-subar.jpg","home_baner-width":400,"home_baner-height":400}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"873","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"We needn\u2019t fear changing our inherited way of life in some way, as long as our changes are made in the full light of day\u00a0\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Bob Dylan applauds the fact that \u201cthe times they are a-changin\u2019.\u201d\u00a0 In her poem \u201cChange Upon Change,\u201d Elizabeth Barrett Browning asks \u201cwhy . . . [s]hould I change less than thou?\u201d\u00a0 But the first verse of 1 Chronicles 9 exhibits a more attenuated approach to the experience of change.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

According to this verse, the residents of Judah were exiled to Babylon \u201cbecause of their trespass.\u201d\u00a0 The root of the Hebrew word for trespass \u2013 <\/span>mem<\/span>, <\/span>ayin<\/span>, <\/span>lamed<\/span><\/em> \u2013 shows up elsewhere, too. Earlier, in 5:25, we\u2019re told that the Israelite northern kingdom came to an end because of its <\/span>me\u2019ilah<\/span><\/em>, its trespass, consisting of the misdirected worship of false gods. In Numbers 5:12-13, the term refers to the actions of an unfaithful wife. And In Leviticus 5:15, <\/span>me\u2019ilah<\/em> <\/span>means misuse of sanctified objects. So in these three sources, <\/span>me\u2019ilah<\/span><\/em> has to do with altering a relationship: between a person and a holy item, between two spouses, or between a nation and the divinity to which it owes allegiance. Therefore, the Talmud tells us in <\/span>Me\u2019ilah<\/span><\/em> 18a, the biblical term <\/span>me\u2019ilah<\/span><\/em> refers to change. When a problematic change is made in a given relationship, it\u2019s called a trespass, a <\/span>me\u2019ilah<\/span><\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

There\u2019s one problem, though. Our verse, 9:1, says that Judah committed <\/span>me\u2019ilah<\/span><\/em>, trespass or change, but makes no mention of any particular error that was made or relationship that was altered.\u00a0 The verse appears to blame change in general for Judah\u2019s downfall. Perhaps the author of this book just didn\u2019t like change; any change in national character or way of life would have been a trespass that warranted exile. After all, up to this point, Chronicles tells the story of the birth and early existence of the proto-Judaic people without any reference to the Torah or any other set of rules. Maybe the author wanted to assume that, rather than looking to articulated rules for guidance as to appropriate conduct, people should consider how they have always lived to determine how they should continue to live, meaning that any change could lead to catastrophe.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

But our chapter contains at least one hint that change doesn\u2019t always have to be resisted.\u00a0 In verse 24, we read that the gatekeepers of the Lord\u2019s House stood on the four sides of the Temple: north, south, west, and east.\u00a0 The word used for \u201ceast\u201d is not <\/span>kedma<\/span><\/em>, <\/span><\/i>which is found, for example in 2 Chronicles 4:10.\u00a0 The root of that term for \u201ceast\u201d reminds the etymologically-inclined among us that long ago our forefathers arrived in Canaan from the east. Instead, verse 24 uses the word <\/span>mizrach<\/span><\/em>, which linguistically has to do with the rising of the sun in the east.\u00a0 Maybe we can infer that problematic change is unilluminated change, and that we needn\u2019t fear changing our inherited way of life in some way, as long as our changes are made in the full light of day and with serious attention to their root meaning and broad implications.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":71154,"alt":"","title":"jer29-change","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change.jpg","width":1920,"height":858,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change-300x134.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":134,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change-768x343.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":343,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change-1024x458.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":458,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":686,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":858,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change-1200x536.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":536,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer29-change-940x420.jpg","home_baner-width":940,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Changing Times, Changing People","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"We needn\u2019t fear changing our inherited way of life in some way, as long as our changes are made in the full light of day\u00a0","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":68807,"alt":"","title":"is65-change","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change.jpg","width":1920,"height":858,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change-300x134.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":134,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change-768x343.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":343,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change-1024x458.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":458,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":686,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":858,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change-1200x536.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":536,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is65-change-940x420.jpg","home_baner-width":940,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"9","chapter_main_number":"873","date":"20290102","wall_id":"873"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":7,"id":"99089","color":"#e0e9ef","size":"1","name":"Tools Of The Holy Trade ","post_title":"Tools Of The Holy Trade","slug":"tools-of-the-holy-trade","old_id":"99089","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":46656,"post_title":"Molly Morris","slug":"molly-morris","old_id":"46656","first_name":"Molly ","last_name":"Morris ","description":"Molly Morris holds a Masters degree in Leadership and Community Engagement. Her particular area of interest is biblical leadership. Molly participates in the 929 initiative with a dedicated group from the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto congregation. \r\n\r\n","short_description":"Molly Morris holds a Masters degree in Leadership and Community Engagement. Molly participates in the 929 initiative with a dedicated group from the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto congregation. \r\n\r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":92561,"alt":"","title":"molly morris","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","width":2192,"height":2488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-264x300.jpg","medium-width":264,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-768x872.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":872,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-902x1024.jpg","large-width":902,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","1536x1536-width":1353,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","2048x2048-width":1804,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-1057x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1057,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-370x420.jpg","home_baner-width":370,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"873","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"93 silver and gold vessels: where are they now?\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

In this chapter of 1 Chronicles, dealing almost exclusively with Jewish genealogy, the chronicler includes in his narrative of the Levite tribe some details on their specific role in the Holy Temple. \u201cAnd some of them were in charge of the service vessels, for they would bring them in by number and take them out by number\u201d (9:28).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The 93 silver and gold vessels alluded to in the passage were securely stored each night and returned to their designated spot in the Temple each morning. These vessels were, in essence, the tools of the trade for the Levites. But we shouldn\u2019t assume that the continuous counting of the vessels was purely a safeguard because they were precious gold and silver valuables. The Levites were not fulfilling the role of Brink\u2019s Security. The value of the vessels was far more intrinsic than their material. These vessels were hewn under the direction of God and were used according to His precepts. They were intrinsically valuable as holy vessels that formed a strand of the Jewish people\u2019s connection to God. For 70 years, since their exile to Babylonia and the appropriation of the vessels by Nebuchadnezzar, that strand had been severed. Now the nation had it back.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In hospitals around the globe, as surgical procedures unfold, the surgical instruments are counted off repeatedly. They are counted when they are unpacked, during surgery and again when the surgery is completed. Not because the physical instruments themselves are so valuable, but because the surgeon knows that if one goes missing, the very life of the patient is in jeopardy.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Perhaps, similar to the surgeon\u2019s understanding of the catastrophe that can ensue from a missing instrument, the Levites knew the true value of the vessels. They must have appreciated that the loss of just one, particularly at this fragile moment in Jewish history, could jeopardize the life of the nation. For one vessel to go missing would result in the loss of one tangible way for the people to honor God. The value of the vessels was not gold or silver. Their value was in their purpose as an instrument with which to conduct daily Temple services and honor God. Lose one, and a little piece of the national Jewish soul dies.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Where these vessels are now, we really don\u2019t know. Their depiction on The Arch of Titus has led to rumors that they are in the Vatican\u00a0 (you can read<\/span> this article<\/span><\/a> on why that\u2019s unlikely.) Or are they buried deep<\/span> somewhere in the Israeli countryside<\/span><\/a>, or yet to be discovered<\/span> under the Temple Mount<\/span><\/a>, right where they belong? All we can hope for is that when the time is right, we will have them back and once again reclaim our Temple heritage and service.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":99090,"alt":"","title":"1chron9-temple vessels","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","width":750,"height":547,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels-300x219.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":219,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","medium_large-width":750,"medium_large-height":547,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","large-width":750,"large-height":547,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","1536x1536-width":750,"1536x1536-height":547,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","2048x2048-width":750,"2048x2048-height":547,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","post_full_size-width":750,"post_full_size-height":547,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels-576x420.jpg","home_baner-width":576,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Tools Of The Holy Trade","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"93 silver and gold vessels: where are they now?","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":99090,"alt":"","title":"1chron9-temple vessels","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","width":750,"height":547,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels-300x219.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":219,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","medium_large-width":750,"medium_large-height":547,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","large-width":750,"large-height":547,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","1536x1536-width":750,"1536x1536-height":547,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","2048x2048-width":750,"2048x2048-height":547,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels.jpg","post_full_size-width":750,"post_full_size-height":547,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-temple-vessels-576x420.jpg","home_baner-width":576,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"9","chapter_main_number":"873","date":"20290102","wall_id":"873"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":8,"id":"99092","color":"#faeed8","size":"1","name":"The Rise And Fall Of Phineas ","post_title":"The Rise And Fall Of Phineas","slug":"the-rise-and-fall-of-phineas","old_id":"99092","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":62571,"post_title":"Yaakov Bieler","slug":"yaakov-bieler","old_id":"62571","first_name":"Yaakov ","last_name":"Bieler ","description":"Rabbi Yaakov Bieler has been involved in Jewish education and the synagogue Rabbinate in New York, NY and Silver Spring, MD since being ordained by Yeshiva University in 1974. He has lectured and written extensively on Modern Orthodoxy, and blogs daily at https:\/\/yaakovbieler.wordpress.com ","short_description":"Rabbi Yaakov Bieler has been involved in Jewish education and the synagogue Rabbinate in New York, NY and Silver Spring, MD since being ordained by Yeshiva University. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":62572,"alt":"","title":"OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","width":141,"height":180,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler-141x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":141,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","medium-width":141,"medium-height":180,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","medium_large-width":141,"medium_large-height":180,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","large-width":141,"large-height":180,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","1536x1536-width":141,"1536x1536-height":180,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","2048x2048-width":141,"2048x2048-height":180,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","post_full_size-width":141,"post_full_size-height":180,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","home_baner-width":141,"home_baner-height":180}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"873","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Many leaders who begin with boldness and courage over time become safe and self-serving\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Most of this chapter is devoted to listing the names of the returnees from Babylonia. But note verse 20: \u201cAnd Phinehas son of Eleazar was the chief officer over them in time past; the L<\/span>ORD<\/span> was with him.\u201d This verse raises questions with regard to the identity of the individual that the Bible is praising. Radak actually mentions four different possibilities, including theories that Phinehas was quite old. The most intriguing is the third of his explanations:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u2026Some Rabbis claim that whereas the LORD was with him during some of these times, the Divine Presence departed from him when he failed to nullify the vow undertaken by Jephthah (see Judges 11:30-40).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ecclesiastes Rabbah 10:15 provides additional details, suggesting that Phinehas\u2019 decline, that had begun with his refusing to free Jephthah\u2019s daughter from her father\u2019s pledge (Judges 11:30-1, 34-40) culminated with the more disastrous incident of the \u201cConcubine in Gibeah\u201d (Ibid. 20:28):\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Jephthah said, \u201cI am the leader, an officer of Israel. How can I go to Phinehas?\u201d And Phinehas said, \u201cI am the High Priest, son of the High Priest. How can I go to an ignorant person?\u201d (This battle of egos is reminiscent of the disconnect between Isaiah and Chezekiah in II Kings 20 and Berachot 10a).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Due to their dispute, Jephthah\u2019s daughter spent her life in solitude, and both men were held accountable for having destroyed her. Jephthah was dismembered and buried in different places\u2026 Phinehas, what did he lose? The Divine Presence departed from him for 200 years\u2026\u00a0 Previously, the LORD was with him. In the days of Zimri (Numbers 25,) he objected, but in the days of the \u201cConcubine in Gibeah\u201d he did not object. During the days of Zimri (Num. 25:14) the LORD was with him, and he had the power to object, and he objected, and his action (<\/span>skewering the two public sinners<\/span><\/em>) served as an atonement for Israel to the extent that they were not destroyed.\u00a0 But during the days of the \u201cConcubine in Gibeah\u201d he did not have the power to object because God was not with him (<\/span>having departed from him during the Jephthah incident<\/span><\/em>,) and as a result, several thousands Jews died in their efforts to defeat the descendants of Benjamin\u2026<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Jephthah may have been an accomplished military and political leader, but when it came to religious matters, he should have readily consulted an expert. Phinehas was such an expert, but he tragically allowed his self-regard to get in his way, and when he could have properly served the Jewish people as a whole, in the conflict of the \u201cConcubine in Gibeah,\u201d he summarily begged off. As in the case of many leaders, a career that begins with boldness and courage, over time is transformed into one that is safe and self-serving.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

image: Pinchas with a halberd in his hand. Engraver: Johann Sadeler Date: 1577, Rijksmuseum \/ CC4.0<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":99093,"alt":"","title":"1chron9-phineas pinchas","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas.jpeg","width":740,"height":1100,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-150x150.jpeg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-202x300.jpeg","medium-width":202,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-689x1024.jpeg","medium_large-width":689,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-689x1024.jpeg","large-width":689,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas.jpeg","1536x1536-width":740,"1536x1536-height":1100,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas.jpeg","2048x2048-width":740,"2048x2048-height":1100,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas.jpeg","post_full_size-width":740,"post_full_size-height":1100,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-283x420.jpeg","home_baner-width":283,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"The Rise And Fall Of Phineas","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Many leaders who begin with boldness and courage over time become safe and self-serving","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":99093,"alt":"","title":"1chron9-phineas pinchas","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas.jpeg","width":740,"height":1100,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-150x150.jpeg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-202x300.jpeg","medium-width":202,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-689x1024.jpeg","medium_large-width":689,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-689x1024.jpeg","large-width":689,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas.jpeg","1536x1536-width":740,"1536x1536-height":1100,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas.jpeg","2048x2048-width":740,"2048x2048-height":1100,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas.jpeg","post_full_size-width":740,"post_full_size-height":1100,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron9-phineas-pinchas-283x420.jpeg","home_baner-width":283,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"9","chapter_main_number":"873","date":"20290102","wall_id":"873"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":9,"id":"99111","color":"#e6f5f3","size":"1","name":"Saul\u2019s Trespass ","post_title":"Saul\u2019s Trespass","slug":"sauls-trespass","old_id":"99111","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34243,"post_title":"Moshe Sokolow","slug":"moshe-sokolow","old_id":"34243","first_name":"Moshe","last_name":"Sokolow","description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University, and teaches a weekly class in parashat hashavu`a at Lincoln Square Synagogue. 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Here, for the first time in this book, we have a duplicate version of an earlier biblical episode: Saul\u2019s final defeat at the hands of the Philistines at Mt. Gilboa, first narrated in 1 Samuel 28 and 31.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

From a historiographical (recording history) perspective, it is noteworthy that Chronicles adopts one of the two versions of Saul\u2019s death that are offered by the earlier Book of Samuel. Apart from the version appearing here, in which Saul commits suicide (verse 4, cf. 1 Samuel 31:4), there is an alternate version in which a survivor of the battle informed David that he indulged Saul\u2019s wish to be killed after his efforts at suicide had failed (2 Samuel 1:9-10).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

From a historiosophical (philosophy of history) perspective, the concluding verses of the chapter are most significant as they link Saul\u2019s fate to his lack of obedience to God:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Saul died for the trespass that he had committed against the L<\/span>ORD<\/span> in not having fulfilled the command of the L<\/span>ORD<\/span>; moreover, he had consulted a ghost to seek advice, and did not seek advice of the L<\/span>ORD<\/span>; so He had him slain and the kingdom transferred to David son of Jesse\u201d (13-14).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

According to Ralbag, Saul\u2019s \u201ctrespass\u201d (<\/span>ma`al<\/span><\/i>) against God\u2019s command can refer either to his failure to await the return of Samuel to Gilgal on the eve of a battle with the Philistines (1 Samuel 13:13-14), or to his sparing the life of King Agag when ordered to annihilate the Amalekites (1 Samuel 15:26-28).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

His consultation with \u201ca ghost\u201d (<\/span>ob<\/span><\/i>) refers to the episode involving King Saul and the witch (<\/span>ba`alat \u2018ob<\/span><\/i>) of Ein-Dor narrated in 1 Samuel 28, the sole report of paranormal activity in the Tanakh. This was in direct contravention of the Torah\u2019s ordinance prohibiting the practice of witchcraft, in general (Exodus 22:17, Deut. 18:10), and the practice of \u2018<\/span>ob<\/span><\/i>, in particular (Lev. 20:27, Deut. 18:11). The story invited commentary starting with the late Second Temple era and the Sages of the Talmud and Midrash, continuing unabated throughout the era of the Geonim (7<\/span>th<\/span>-11<\/span>th<\/span> centuries) and their early successors, the Rishonim (11<\/span>th<\/span>-15<\/span>th<\/span> centuries), and on until the early modern period.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In our comments on that episode (<\/span>see 1 Samuel 28<\/span><\/a>), we provided the view of the late 10<\/span>th<\/span> century Gaon, Shmuel bar Hofni, whose enlightened interpretation was often cited by his successors.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":99112,"alt":"","title":"1chron10-trespass","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-1024x683.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":683,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-1200x800.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":800,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-630x420.jpg","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Saul\u2019s Trespass","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"There were a few of them...","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":99112,"alt":"","title":"1chron10-trespass","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-1024x683.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":683,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-1200x800.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":800,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-trespass-630x420.jpg","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"10","chapter_main_number":"874","date":"20290103","wall_id":"874"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":10,"id":"99114","color":"#f7e9e9","size":"1","name":"When It All Falls Apart ","post_title":"When It All Falls Apart","slug":"when-it-all-falls-apart","old_id":"99114","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":98697,"post_title":"David Mark","slug":"david-mark","old_id":"98697","first_name":"David ","last_name":"Mark","description":"Rabbi David E. Mark is the founder of Nachmans Wisdom (www.nachmanswisdom.com) and the head of Urban Sustainability for Ateret Cohanim (www.ateretcohanim.org). He is a teacher, counselor, and rabbi, who is a thought leader in relating the teachings of Rebbe Nachman of Breslov and the broader Chassidic world in an accessible and meaningful way. \r\n","short_description":"Rabbi David E. Mark is the founder of Nachmans Wisdom (www.nachmanswisdom.com) and the head of Urban Sustainability for Ateret Cohanim.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":98870,"alt":"","title":"david mark","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark.jpeg","width":718,"height":1024,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark-150x150.jpeg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark-210x300.jpeg","medium-width":210,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark-718x1024.jpeg","medium_large-width":718,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark-718x1024.jpeg","large-width":718,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark.jpeg","1536x1536-width":718,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark.jpeg","2048x2048-width":718,"2048x2048-height":1024,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark.jpeg","post_full_size-width":718,"post_full_size-height":1024,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/david-mark-294x420.jpeg","home_baner-width":294,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"874","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"In order to rise, we must be ready to leave behind the systems we built for ourselves that still hold us back\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

We traverse the arduous paths of the world hoping to find some sort of breakthrough -\u00a0 a path forward to more expansive understanding. Yet, with all our searching we often remain stuck\u00a0 - fixed in a frame of reference like those around us.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

It is only when we allow the perceptions we have built up within to fall apart that we can move forward to a greater, more growth-minded outlook.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The cognitive biases we develop from our youth and which are fed to us by our surrounding environment may help us to feel comfortable, but it is exactly this comfort that holds us back from our real self - the one we are meant to actualize while we are down in this world.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Saul and David are two archetypal leaders of the Nation of Israel and like all other elements in the Tanakh, these archetypes are part of us -\u00a0 within us. Saul was a king like all other kings.\u00a0 Perhaps righteous, but still exhibiting a fixed mindset - locked in his ways.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

David was expansive - growth oriented. He was always striving to reach higher even when he found himself in the lowest of places.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Kingdom of Israel could not move forward as long as it remained stuck in the Saul paradigm, no matter how comfortable. Only when Saul\u2019s kingdom fell apart, did something completely different arise.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This is how it is for all of us. We remain stuck until we let go of our biases and outlooks that developed over the years.\u00a0 When we allow them to fall apart, the David paradigm or our true self within rises up, enabling our real growth and actualization to take place.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Like everything else in our world, the choice is ours.\u00a0 We can remain within the Saul mindset, fixed into a world of complacency or allow it to fall apart and by picking up the pieces of our life realize just how precious it is to strive higher and allow the real self to emerge.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rebbe Nachman teaches that a person who strives to be an \u201cIsh Yisraeli\u201d, a growth minded person, is one who rises one level at a time.\u00a0 However, in order for this to happen, we must be ready to leave behind the systems we built for ourselves that still hold us back.\u00a0 Each level up, our old ways of understanding - those hangups and misconceptions fall apart more and more until they are no more - allowing us to achieve real transcendence and freedom.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":99115,"alt":"","title":"1chron10-comfort zone","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone.jpg","width":1920,"height":786,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone-300x123.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":123,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone-768x314.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":314,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone-1024x419.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":419,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":629,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":786,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone-1200x491.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":491,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/1chron10-comfort-zone-1026x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1026,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"When It All Falls Apart","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"In order to rise, we must be ready to leave behind the systems we built for ourselves that still hold us back","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":99115,"alt":"","title":"1chron10-comfort 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Chronicles","chapter":"10","chapter_main_number":"874","date":"20290103","wall_id":"874"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":11,"id":"99140","color":"#f7f7f5","size":"1","name":"David, Joab And The Capture Of Jerusalem ","post_title":"David, Joab And The Capture Of Jerusalem","slug":"david-joab-and-the-capture-of-jerusalem","old_id":"99140","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33877,"post_title":"Marc Bregman","slug":"marc-bregman","old_id":"33877","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bregman","description":"Marc Bregman received his Ph.D. from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1991. He taught at the Hebrew Union College (Jerusalem), The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Schechter Institute for Judaic Studies in Jerusalem, and at the Ben-Gurion University in Beer Sheba, Israel. During 1993 he was Visiting Associate Professor at Yale University, and during 1996 he was the Stroum Professor of Jewish Studies and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Washington in Seattle. During 2005, Bregman served as the Harry Starr Fellow in Judaica at Harvard University and was awarded a Teaching Fellowship at the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. He also has served as Forchheimer Visiting Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is the author of The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions (Gorgias Press, 2003). In 2006, Bregman was appointed the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, where he also headed the program in Jewish Studies, until 2013. Bregman retired from UNCG as of July 31, 2017. He has now returned to Jerusalem where he is continuing his research and teaching activities.","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Marc Bregman is the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies emeritus, at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33878,"alt":"Marc Bregman","title":"Marc Bregman","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","width":361,"height":488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-222x300.jpg","medium-width":222,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","medium_large-width":361,"medium_large-height":488,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","large-width":361,"large-height":488,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","1536x1536-width":361,"1536x1536-height":488,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","2048x2048-width":361,"2048x2048-height":488,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","post_full_size-width":361,"post_full_size-height":488,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-311x420.jpg","home_baner-width":311,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"875","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Stories of Joab the gallant conqueror\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Our chapter begins with the anointing and coronation of King David. It goes on to tell of how he and his men immediately set out to capture the city of Jebus, which they renamed Jerusalem, King David\u2019s new capital. Here the conquest of Jerusalem is related in four verses: \u201cDavid and all Israel set out for Jerusalem, that is Jebus, where the Jebusite inhabitants of the land lived. David was told by the inhabitants of Jebus, \u2018You will never get in here!\u2019 But David captured the stronghold of Zion; it is now the City of David. David said, \u2018Whoever attacks the Jebusites first will be the chief officer.\u2019 Joab son of Zeruiah attacked first and became the chief. David occupied the stronghold. Therefore, it was renamed the City of David\u201d (compare<\/span> II Samuel 5:6-7<\/span><\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Midrash Pirkei de-Rabbi Eliezer<\/span><\/a> preserves an extensive tradition about the capture of Jebus. The men of that non-Israelite city made images of copper, and set them up in the street of the city, and wrote upon them the covenant of the oath that their forefathers had made with Abraham (based on<\/span> Genesis 21:22-24<\/span><\/a>, see<\/span> Rashi to II Samuel 5:6<\/span><\/a>). This prevented the Israelites from entering the city of Jebus (see<\/span> Judges 1:21<\/span><\/a>). The Jebusites said to David, You will never be able to enter our city until you remove the images on which is written Abraham\u2019s covenant with us. So, David said to his men: Whoever will go up first and remove those images shall be the chief. Then, Joab, the son of Zeruiah, went up, and he became the chief, as David<\/span> said<\/span><\/a>: \u201cWhoever attacks the Jebusites first will be the chief officer. Joab son of Zeruiah attacked first and became the chief\u201d. Afterwards King David bought the city of the Jebusites for Israel by a purchase with gold and with a perpetual deed for a permanent possession. David took from each of the twelve tribes fifty shekels, which amounted to six hundred shekels, as it is<\/span> said<\/span><\/a>: \u201cSo David paid Ornan for the site 600 shekels\u2019 worth of gold\u201d.\u00a0 See further<\/span> Ginzberg, Legends of the Jews, David Wars<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ginzberg continues to relate the<\/span> legend of Joab<\/span><\/a> on the basis of late midrashic sources. When besieging the Amalekite capital, Joab had himself hurled into the city by means of a catapult, taking with him only 1000 pieces of silver and his sword. After 40 days during which he bartered and battled by himself with the Amalekite defenders, Joab ascended a high tower from which he called out to the Israelite troops who then successfully conquered the city. These late legends praise Joab as an exemplary Jewish hero, not only for his swashbuckling military gallantry, but also for his learning, piety, and generosity. He is said to have been particularly concerned with the welfare of Torah scholars and is even portrayed as having served as the president of the Sanhedrin!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":58969,"alt":"","title":"isam26-joab","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","width":211,"height":463,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab-137x300.jpg","medium-width":137,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","medium_large-width":211,"medium_large-height":463,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","large-width":211,"large-height":463,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","1536x1536-width":211,"1536x1536-height":463,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","2048x2048-width":211,"2048x2048-height":463,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","post_full_size-width":211,"post_full_size-height":463,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab-191x420.jpg","home_baner-width":191,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"David, Joab And The Capture Of Jerusalem","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Stories of Joab the gallant conqueror","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":58969,"alt":"","title":"isam26-joab","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","width":211,"height":463,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab-137x300.jpg","medium-width":137,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","medium_large-width":211,"medium_large-height":463,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","large-width":211,"large-height":463,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","1536x1536-width":211,"1536x1536-height":463,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","2048x2048-width":211,"2048x2048-height":463,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab.jpg","post_full_size-width":211,"post_full_size-height":463,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/isam26-joab-191x420.jpg","home_baner-width":191,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"11","chapter_main_number":"875","date":"20290104","wall_id":"875"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":12,"id":"99142","color":"#effaea","size":"1","name":"What\u2019s In A Name? ","post_title":"What\u2019s In A Name?","slug":"whats-in-a-name-6","old_id":"99142","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":87952,"post_title":"Sara Levene","slug":"sara-levene","old_id":"87952","first_name":"Sara ","last_name":"Levene ","description":"Sara Levene is a retired doctor who made Aliyah from London to Jerusalem four years ago. She was very active in the London Jewish Community. In Israel she has taken more time to focus on Jewish studies and to enjoy main hobby of knitting.","short_description":"Sara Levene is a retired doctor who made Aliyah from London to Jerusalem four years ago","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":87953,"alt":"","title":"sara levene","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene.jpg","width":296,"height":356,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene-249x300.jpg","medium-width":249,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene.jpg","medium_large-width":296,"medium_large-height":356,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene.jpg","large-width":296,"large-height":356,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene.jpg","1536x1536-width":296,"1536x1536-height":356,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene.jpg","2048x2048-width":296,"2048x2048-height":356,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene.jpg","post_full_size-width":296,"post_full_size-height":356,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/sara-levene.jpg","home_baner-width":296,"home_baner-height":356}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"875","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Some observations on Jewish naming customs\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

In recent chapters in Chronicles as well as in Ezra and Nehemiah there have been many lists of names. Though these are clearly Jewish names hallowed by age and appearance in the Tanach, they aren\u2019t names that are used these days to name children. I can understand that some might be a bit of a mouthful - Jaareshiah say - but others seem to me acceptable and even pleasant - Eder, Zichri. This made me think about why we use certain names and not others so I undertook some research.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Jewishly speaking, there is no clear halachic guidance about choice of name. All rules are <\/span>minhagim<\/em> <\/span>(customs). They therefore vary between communities.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Many people will be familiar with the idea of naming after ancestors. Ashkenazim name after the deceased, Sephardim name after the living. So my son is named after a grandfather he never knew, while my Sephardi stepfather shared a name with his own father, his son and his grandson. It is good to name after someone directly involved in their existence, so in some communities this might include a <\/span>rebbe <\/span><\/i>who officiated at the parental wedding. It could also apply to an infertility specialist.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Names of people traditionally considered wicked are not used. A major exception is Ishmael, which has been used as a Jewish name since Talmudic times. This may be because the name was given by God to Ishmael\u2019s mother Hagar.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

There is a widespread idea that names of people who preceded Abraham should not be used. An exception is where the naming is actually in honor of a worthy person. So Noah after a grandparent is acceptable but after the biblical figure is not. I\u2019m not sure how this fits with Noah being the second most popular boys name in the United States for several years running.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A child should not be named after someone who died very young, unless it is to honor a martyr like a child who died in the Holocaust.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Names not of Jewish origin are widely used - Alexander, Golda, Aviva. (Some communities frown on this). This acceptability appears to extend even to names based on foreign gods. For example Esther may be a form of Ishtar Babylonian deity.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Two siblings should have different names. I apologize to George Foreman who has five sons named George.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A Jewish name can readily be changed. This could be done on recovery from a serious illness, or in some communities if more complex naming rules, like not marrying a woman with your mother\u2019s name, are broken.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

My advice to parents based on personal experience is to choose a name that is easy to pronounce (mine is Sara, rhymes with \"car-a\" not \"care-a\") and easy to spell (it doesn\u2019t have an H). I do enjoy having a Hebrew name that\u2019s the same as my English name, especially now I\u2019m living in Israel.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":55889,"alt":"","title":"jud13-name","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name.jpg","width":1618,"height":1080,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-768x513.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":513,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-1024x684.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":684,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1025,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name.jpg","2048x2048-width":1618,"2048x2048-height":1080,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-1200x801.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":801,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-629x420.jpg","home_baner-width":629,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"What\u2019s In A Name?","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Some observations on Jewish naming customs","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":55889,"alt":"","title":"jud13-name","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name.jpg","width":1618,"height":1080,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-768x513.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":513,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-1024x684.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":684,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1025,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name.jpg","2048x2048-width":1618,"2048x2048-height":1080,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-1200x801.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":801,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/jud13-name-629x420.jpg","home_baner-width":629,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Writings","book":"I Chronicles","chapter":"11","chapter_main_number":"875","date":"20290104","wall_id":"875"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false}],"hide_acf":true,"home_image":false,"home_posts":false,"home_posts_title":"","posts_home":[],"static_cube_title":"","static_cube_brief":"","static_cube_color":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall\/98682"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wall"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}