{"id":77120,"date":"2018-07-09T17:48:26","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T14:48:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wall\/wall-521\/"},"modified":"2020-07-14T14:29:42","modified_gmt":"2020-07-14T11:29:42","slug":"wall-521","status":"publish","type":"wall","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wall\/wall-521\/","title":{"rendered":"chapter-Prophets-Amos-3"},"parent":0,"template":"","acf":{"type":"chapter","wall_id":"521","date":"20270829","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","books_group":"Prophets","hide_acf":true,"home_image":false,"home_posts":false,"home_posts_title":"","posts_home":[],"static_cube_title":"","static_cube_brief":"","static_cube_color":"","updates_last_update":"03\/05\/2020","posts":[{"order":1,"id":"76987","color":"#f8ebe3","size":"1","name":"JPS Audio Bible - Amos Chapter 3 ","post_title":"JPS Audio Bible - Amos Chapter 3","slug":"jps-audio-bible-amos-chapter-3","old_id":"76987","type":"user","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34686,"post_title":"Soundcloud","slug":"soundcloud","old_id":"34686","first_name":"","last_name":"","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34656,"alt":"","title":"491","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","width":300,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"521","type_929":"4","show_author_image":true,"old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"JPS Audio Bible","tile_main_caption":"Amos Chapter 3","tile_main_caption_size":"2","tile_sub_caption":"Hear the daily chapter","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/user-753876298\/jps_audio_bible_amos_chapter_3","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":2,"id":"77306","color":"#eceffa","size":"1","name":"Listening To The Prophets with Rabbi Abby Sosland - Amos 3 ","post_title":"Listening To The Prophets with Rabbi Abby Sosland - Amos 3","slug":"listening-to-the-prophets-with-rabbi-abby-sosland-amos-3","old_id":"77306","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":56624,"post_title":"Abby Sosland","slug":"abby-sosland","old_id":"56624","first_name":"Abby ","last_name":"Sosland","description":"Rabbi Abby Sosland is a spiritual advisor, writer, and educator, based at The Leffell School in Westchester, New York. 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(This post is the third in a series on social justice in Amos)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In Amos 3, the prophet\u2019s great rhetorical opener of the first 8 verses serves to focus the listener\u2019s attention on God\u2019s might and the clear need to listen to the message. The message itself is less clear:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cProclaim in the fortresses of Ashdod And in the fortresses of the land of Egypt! Say: Gather on the hill of Samaria And witness the great outrages within her And the oppression in her midst. They are incapable of doing right \u2014declares the LORD; They store up lawlessness and rapine In their fortresses. Assuredly, Thus said my Lord GOD: An enemy, all about the land! He shall strip you of your splendor, And your fortresses shall be plundered.\u201d (Amos 3:9-11)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

What are these fortresses (<\/span>armonot<\/span><\/em>) that are mentioned four times in this verse? What is their function? What crimes are taking place that are so severe they necessitate the ultimate destruction of the fortresses of the Northern Kingdom?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Previously, we acknowledged that the first half of the 8<\/span>th<\/span> century was seen by scholars to be a time of economic prosperity. In her book, \u201cAmos and the Officialdom of the Kingdom of Israel,\u201d Prof. Izabela Jaruzelska uses academic and archaeological sources to posit that there was increased population in both the Northern Kingdom of Israel and neighboring Phonecia, necessitating an increase in oil and grain production in the Northern Kingdom.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Northern Kingdom, producing more agricultural products, needed more sophisticated ways to store, protect and export all of this oil and grain. An industry was needed to support this \u2013 fortresses need to be constructed that include storehouses (<\/span>otzarim<\/span><\/em>). Officials were hired to manage and maintain these facilities. However, instead of storing grain and oil, the prophet tells us: \u201cThey store up lawlessness and rapine In their fortresses\u201d (3:10).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

What were these officials doing? Logically, Jaruzelska suggests, they were using their positions to enrich themselves. The classical commentaries interpret these words as meaning \u201ctheft.\u201d Are they skimming a bit off the top? The details can\u2019t be known but the prophet\u2019s words make it easy to imagine.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In this time of prosperity, the population grew and agricultural products increased. Yet the gains of this time accrued only to those with plum jobs in palace storehouses \u2013 an elite class who are the targets of these prophecies. This elite class was not just making a fair wage \u2013 they were abusing their access to enrich themselves while the people below them suffered.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

As a consequence of the misdeeds described in verses 10 and 11, we can understand that the historical enemies of the Israelites (the Philistines and Egyptians) referenced in verse 9 are mentioned because of an idea of Israelite exceptionalism that persists among the people. All is not well, says the prophet, and you are no better than them. Your fortresses are no more noble than theirs, and will be destroyed without mercy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: John Day, Gentleman giving alms to a beggar, woodcut, 1569 \/ wikipedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77178,"alt":"","title":"Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","width":695,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar-300x259.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":259,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","medium_large-width":695,"medium_large-height":600,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","large-width":695,"large-height":600,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","1536x1536-width":695,"1536x1536-height":600,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","2048x2048-width":695,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","post_full_size-width":695,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar-487x420.jpg","home_baner-width":487,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Social Justice in Amos","tile_main_caption":"Fortresses and Storehouses","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"And an elite managerial class profiting while others suffered","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77178,"alt":"","title":"Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","width":695,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar-300x259.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":259,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","medium_large-width":695,"medium_large-height":600,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","large-width":695,"large-height":600,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","1536x1536-width":695,"1536x1536-height":600,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","2048x2048-width":695,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar.jpg","post_full_size-width":695,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos3-Giving_Alms_to_a_Beggar-487x420.jpg","home_baner-width":487,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":4,"id":"77184","color":"#effaea","size":"1","name":"On Knowledge And Fear ","post_title":"On Knowledge And Fear","slug":"on-knowledge-and-fear","old_id":"77184","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":76938,"post_title":"Miriam Szafranski","slug":"miriam-szafranski","old_id":"76938","first_name":"Miriam ","last_name":"Szafranski ","description":"Miriam Szafranski teaches Tanakh at SAR High School and lives in Riverdale, and has never missed a day of 929 so far (bh) even insisting on completing the Perek when in labor with her son.\r\n","short_description":"Miriam Szafranski teaches Tanakh at SAR High School and lives in Riverdale. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":76939,"alt":"","title":"Miriam Khukhashvili","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili.jpg","width":996,"height":1791,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-167x300.jpg","medium-width":167,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-569x1024.jpg","medium_large-width":569,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-569x1024.jpg","large-width":569,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili.jpg","1536x1536-width":854,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili.jpg","2048x2048-width":996,"2048x2048-height":1791,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-667x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":667,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-234x420.jpg","home_baner-width":234,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"521","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Intimate knowledge can protect against sin\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

If you are hiking somewhere and hear a thundering roar of a lion, you would quiver in fear simply because you know what a lion is and what it is capable of. One who perhaps does NOT know what a lion is will merely ignore the sound and keep on trekking.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This chapter employs this parable to show the connection between knowledge and fear. We are told in verse 2 that it is because of our intimate relationship with God that we are deserving of punishment. In other words, we know who we are dealing with, and we should have known better. Knowledge of God should have led to fear.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rebbe Nachman of Breslov, a Hasidic Rabbi who founded the Breslov Hassidic movement, states that \u201cGreat kings constantly remind their subjects that they have a ruler. Soldiers in particular are trained to know who their king and master is - \"In order that His fear should be on their faces\" (Exodus 20:17 ) - so that they should serve their master unconditionally . Subordinates are constantly told, \"Know that you have a lord and master.\" The intention is that they should keep this in mind and never forget it, in order not do anything against his will. The same is true of the Kingdom of Heaven . We are told: \"Know the God of your father!\" Know it and don't ever forget it! \"Know this day and consider it in your heart, that the LORD is God!\" \"Know that the LORD is God!\" (Sichos haRan #217).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

It is our intimate knowledge of God as our savior from Egypt, the God whose power we see at full force that should have prevented us from sinning. The imagery of this is a bit jarring, especially for me as a former Soviet Jew. I can think of the classrooms my parents and grandparents learned in, with pictures of communist leaders watching from the walls. The thought process was, when one sees and is living in constant reminder of who is \u201cboss\u201d one will be too afraid to step out of line.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

But God is different. There is no picture we can hang up, nothing we can carry with us everywhere we go to remind us. We can only cultivate a knowledge of God, a true, deep knowledge in the most intimate sense to carry with us to protect against sin. We must work on knowing God, and to know God means to fear God.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77185,"alt":"","title":"amos3-knowledge fear","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear.jpg","width":1920,"height":1238,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-300x193.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":193,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-768x495.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":495,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-1024x660.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":660,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":990,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1238,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-1200x774.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":774,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-651x420.jpg","home_baner-width":651,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"On Knowledge And Fear","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Intimate knowledge can protect against sin","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77185,"alt":"","title":"amos3-knowledge fear","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear.jpg","width":1920,"height":1238,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-300x193.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":193,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-768x495.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":495,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-1024x660.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":660,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":990,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1238,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-1200x774.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":774,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-knowledge-fear-651x420.jpg","home_baner-width":651,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":5,"id":"77180","color":"#e6f5f3","size":"1","name":"Ultimate Accountability ","post_title":"Ultimate Accountability","slug":"ultimate-accountability","old_id":"77180","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":46656,"post_title":"Molly Morris","slug":"molly-morris","old_id":"46656","first_name":"Molly ","last_name":"Morris ","description":"Molly Morris holds a Masters degree in Leadership and Community Engagement. Her particular area of interest is biblical leadership. Molly participates in the 929 initiative with a dedicated group from the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto congregation. \r\n\r\n","short_description":"Molly Morris holds a Masters degree in Leadership and Community Engagement. Molly participates in the 929 initiative with a dedicated group from the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto congregation. \r\n\r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":92561,"alt":"","title":"molly morris","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","width":2192,"height":2488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-264x300.jpg","medium-width":264,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-768x872.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":872,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-902x1024.jpg","large-width":902,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","1536x1536-width":1353,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","2048x2048-width":1804,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-1057x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1057,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-370x420.jpg","home_baner-width":370,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"521","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Let us embrace who we are, and our purpose - and fulfill it!\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Amos Chapter 3 opens with \u201cYou alone did I know from among all the families of the earth; therefore, I will hold you accountable for all your iniquities.\u201d Once again we broach the subject of chosenness which <\/span>I wrote about in Isaiah 42<\/span><\/a>. Chosenness has often been a topic of consternation for the Jewish people, particularly the apologists among us. How do we feel proud about being chosen by God without coming off as having some sort of superiority complex?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Chosenness is not a zero-sum game. Being chosen by God does not imply that every other nation was rejected. In fact, we know that\u2019s not the case, for if it was then we wouldn\u2019t have the seven Noachide laws that apply to all nations. If other nations were rejected by God, then why would He bother with a moral code for all humanity?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Chosenness is also not about blanket privilege or entitlement. On the contrary, biblical verses and prayers alluding to our chosenness always come with a qualifier.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In Exodus 19:5 the qualifier is \u201cif you will obey My voice and keep My covenant.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In Amos the qualifier is \u201cI will hold you accountable.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In the blessing for reading the Torah we acknowledge that our chosenness is tied to God having \u201cbestowed upon us His Torah\u201d (a privilege for sure, but not without enormous responsibility).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

When we make <\/span>kiddush <\/span><\/i>over the wine on Shabbat\u00a0 we say \u201cYou have chosen us and sanctified us out of all nations, and given us the Sabbath\u201d (which we are commanded to keep), and in <\/span>kiddush <\/span><\/i>on festivals we say \u201cYou have chosen us\u2026and made us holy through Your commandments.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Critical to an understanding of chosenness is our descendancy from Abraham, the first monotheist, who chose God long before God chose us. This directionality is illuminated in Deuteronomy, in the midst of a lengthy list of commandments, with the passage:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cYou have affirmed this day that the Lord is your God, that you will walk in His ways\u2026.and the Lord has affirmed this day that you are, as He promised, His treasured people (Deut. 17-19).\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Our chosenness by God came only after our choosing God.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Perhaps we do ourselves and the world a disservice in trying to tone down or apologize for the language of chosenness, because in so doing we dilute our responsibilities and dodge our accountability. If we were chosen for a singular purpose, let us embrace that and strive for a job well done.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77182,"alt":"","title":"amos3-about us","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us.jpg","width":1920,"height":639,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-300x100.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":100,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-768x256.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":256,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-1024x341.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":341,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":511,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":639,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-1200x399.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":399,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-1262x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1262,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Ultimate Accountability","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Let us embrace who we are, and our purpose - and fulfill it!","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77182,"alt":"","title":"amos3-about us","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us.jpg","width":1920,"height":639,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-300x100.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":100,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-768x256.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":256,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-1024x341.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":341,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":511,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":639,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-1200x399.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":399,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-about-us-1262x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1262,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":6,"id":"77168","color":"#e0e9ef","size":"1","name":"When The Shofar Is Sounded In The City ","post_title":"When The Shofar Is Sounded In The City","slug":"when-the-shofar-is-sounded-in-the-city","old_id":"77168","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33877,"post_title":"Marc Bregman","slug":"marc-bregman","old_id":"33877","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bregman","description":"Marc Bregman received his Ph.D. from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1991. He taught at the Hebrew Union College (Jerusalem), The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Schechter Institute for Judaic Studies in Jerusalem, and at the Ben-Gurion University in Beer Sheba, Israel. During 1993 he was Visiting Associate Professor at Yale University, and during 1996 he was the Stroum Professor of Jewish Studies and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Washington in Seattle. During 2005, Bregman served as the Harry Starr Fellow in Judaica at Harvard University and was awarded a Teaching Fellowship at the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. He also has served as Forchheimer Visiting Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is the author of The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions (Gorgias Press, 2003). In 2006, Bregman was appointed the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, where he also headed the program in Jewish Studies, until 2013. Bregman retired from UNCG as of July 31, 2017. He has now returned to Jerusalem where he is continuing his research and teaching activities.","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Marc Bregman is the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies emeritus, at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33878,"alt":"Marc Bregman","title":"Marc Bregman","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","width":361,"height":488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-222x300.jpg","medium-width":222,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","medium_large-width":361,"medium_large-height":488,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","large-width":361,"large-height":488,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","1536x1536-width":361,"1536x1536-height":488,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","2048x2048-width":361,"2048x2048-height":488,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","post_full_size-width":361,"post_full_size-height":488,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-311x420.jpg","home_baner-width":311,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"521","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Wake up, turn back, come home\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Our chapter is a collection of oracles against the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Verses 3-6 are a series of rhetorical questions. Verse 8 explains why Amos, the sheep breeder (see 1:1) has now become a prophet: \u201cA lion has roared, who can but fear? (compare 1:2). My Lord God has spoken, who can but prophesy?\u201d (3:8).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Among the preceding rhetorical questions, we hear and see a powerful audio-visual image: \u201cWhen a ram\u2019s horn is sounded in a town, do the people not take alarm?\u201d (Amos 3:6).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This verse provides the opening of a proem (<\/span>petichta<\/span><\/em>\u2019<\/span><\/i>), preserved in Pesiqta de-Rav Kahana 24:1 \u201cShuvah\u201d, that concludes with a citation of Hosea 14:2: \u201cReturn (shuvah<\/em>), O Israel, to the Lord your God\u201d. This verse provides the opening of the Haftarah that is read on <\/span>Shabbat Shuvah<\/span><\/em>, the Sabbath that falls between Rosh Ha-Shannah and Yom Kippur.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Our proem begins: \u201cWhen a ram\u2019s horn is sounded in a town, do the people not take alarm?\u201d (3:6), which is illustrated by a parable of a city about to be attacked. An elder warned all the inhabitants of the approaching danger. Those who listened to his warning were saved; but those who did not listen to his warning were killed by the invading forces\u2026So too: \u201cWhen a ram\u2019s horn is sounded in a town\u2026\u201d \u2013 on Rosh Hashanah, \u201c\u2026Do the people not take alarm?\u201d This refers to the people of Israel.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The verse continues: \u201cCan misfortune come to a town if the Lord has not caused it?\u201d. But the Holy One, blessed be He, does not desire the death of the wicked, as it is written: \u201cAs I live\u2014declares the Lord God\u2014it is not My desire that the wicked shall die, but that the wicked turn from his [evil] ways and live\u201d (Ezekiel 33:11). O People of Israel! What do I require of you?! Only that you: \u201cTurn back, turn back from your evil ways, that you may not die, O House of Israel!\u201d (ibid).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

There are those who seek an explanation of what is required of Israel in another verse: \u201cThus said the Lord to the House of Israel: Seek Me, and you will live!\u201d (Amos 5:4). This may be understood as God saying to Israel: What do I require of you? Only that you seek Me in order to remain alive! And therefore, Hosea admonishes Israel by saying to them: \u201cReturn (shuvah<\/em>), O Israel, to the Lord your God\u201d (Hosea 14:2).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The sounding of the shofar continues to be mentioned in our daily prayers, in the 10<\/span>th<\/span> blessing of the <\/span>Amidah<\/span><\/em> concerning the Ingathering of the Exiles: \u201cSound the great Shofar for our freedom. Raise a banner to gather our exiles. And bring us together from the four corners of the earth into our land. Blessed are You Lord, who gathers the dispersed of His people Israel\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Jacob Steinhardt, woodcut, \u201cJoshua\u2019s Conquest of Jericho,\u201d 1953, courtesy of Yosefa Bar-On Steinhardt.<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":53456,"alt":"","title":"jo6-shofarot2","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","width":246,"height":400,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2-185x300.jpg","medium-width":185,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","medium_large-width":246,"medium_large-height":400,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","large-width":246,"large-height":400,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","1536x1536-width":246,"1536x1536-height":400,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","2048x2048-width":246,"2048x2048-height":400,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","post_full_size-width":246,"post_full_size-height":400,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","home_baner-width":246,"home_baner-height":400}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"When The Shofar Is Sounded In The City","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Wake up, turn back, come home","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":53456,"alt":"","title":"jo6-shofarot2","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","width":246,"height":400,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2-185x300.jpg","medium-width":185,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","medium_large-width":246,"medium_large-height":400,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","large-width":246,"large-height":400,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","1536x1536-width":246,"1536x1536-height":400,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","2048x2048-width":246,"2048x2048-height":400,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","post_full_size-width":246,"post_full_size-height":400,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo6-shofarot2.jpg","home_baner-width":246,"home_baner-height":400}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":7,"id":"77188","color":"#f7f7f5","size":"1","name":"Amos\u2019s Proverbs ","post_title":"Amos\u2019s Proverbs","slug":"amoss-proverbs","old_id":"77188","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34243,"post_title":"Moshe Sokolow","slug":"moshe-sokolow","old_id":"34243","first_name":"Moshe","last_name":"Sokolow","description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University, and teaches a weekly class in parashat hashavu`a at Lincoln Square Synagogue. 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This chapter is replete with some of the Bible\u2019s best-known aphorisms. Between verses 3-6, we have a series of 7 sayings, all expressed in the form of rhetorical questions, whose answers are in the negative.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Can two walk together without having met? Does a lion roar in the forest when he has no prey? Does a great beast let out a cry from its den without having made a capture? Does a bird drop on the ground\u2014in a trap\u2014 with no snare there? Does a trap spring up from the ground unless it has caught something? When a ram\u2019s horn is sounded in a town, do the people not take alarm? Can misfortune come to a town if the LORD has not caused it?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Both the collection of proverbs and their individual meanings have been the subject of debate. Their overall sense seems to be that nothing transpires by accident or happenstance; that everything is foreordained; that the causes of all effects and, similarly, the effects of all visible causes, can be ascertained; and that to ignore them is folly.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Among the medievals, the prevailing sense related these aphorisms to 2:12: \u201cAnd you commanded the prophets to cease prophesying.\u201d People ignored the prophets and their warnings of impending catastrophe, reveling\u2014arrogantly\u2014in their own self-satisfaction. Amos sought to shake that complacency by posing to them a series of rhetorical questions meant to challenge their assumptions about the lack of cause and effect. Nothing, he maintained, is coincidental; all is providential.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Starting with verse 4, the allusions to imminent doom are clear: lions snatch their prey, birds are snared, rams\u2019 horns\u2014ancient sirens\u2014sound the alarm (see Ezekiel 33:3,4,5,6), and misfortune befalls the town. But what of verse 3? To what does two people walking together allude? Perhaps its purpose is to warn of the peril that lies even in the mundane.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

It is not hard to fathom potential trouble when you see ravaging beasts and hear warning sirens; it takes particular foresight to recognize it in the outwardly peaceful sight of two companions\u2014until you reflect on the odds of two strangers going in tandem without having synchronized their movements in advance. Nothing\u2014it reminds us\u2014is coincidental.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77192,"alt":"","title":"amos3-questions","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions.png","width":1920,"height":675,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-300x105.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":105,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-768x270.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":270,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-1024x360.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":360,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions.png","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":540,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions.png","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":675,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-1200x422.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":422,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-1195x420.png","home_baner-width":1195,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Amos\u2019s Proverbs","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Questions to shake complacency and teach that actions have consequences","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77192,"alt":"","title":"amos3-questions","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions.png","width":1920,"height":675,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-300x105.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":105,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-768x270.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":270,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-1024x360.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":360,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions.png","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":540,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions.png","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":675,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-1200x422.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":422,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-questions-1195x420.png","home_baner-width":1195,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":8,"id":"77397","color":"#e6f5f3","size":"1","name":"Amos's Amazing Animals","post_title":"Amos's Amazing Animals","slug":"amoss-amazing-animals","old_id":"77397","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":57331,"post_title":"Josh and Leora Blechner","slug":"josh-and-leora-blechner","old_id":"57331","first_name":"Josh and Leora ","last_name":"Blechner","description":"Josh and Leora Blechner have been learning Tanach together since Leora was five years old. Josh is an in-house attorney in New Jersey and Leora is a middle school student at SAR academy.","short_description":"Josh and Leora Blechner have been learning Tanach together since Leora was five years old. Josh is an in-house attorney in New Jersey and Leora is a middle school student at SAR academy.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":57484,"alt":"","title":"blechner","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","width":501,"height":509,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1-295x300.jpg","medium-width":295,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","medium_large-width":501,"medium_large-height":509,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","large-width":501,"large-height":509,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","1536x1536-width":501,"1536x1536-height":509,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","2048x2048-width":501,"2048x2048-height":509,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","post_full_size-width":501,"post_full_size-height":509,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1-413x420.jpg","home_baner-width":413,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"521","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"But the prey turns out to be - us\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Chapter 3 of Amos is full of amazing animal imagery. During the first section of chapter three, Amos lists animals and their natural actions, mirrored by the natural reaction to a call from the shofar and the call of prophecy. The prophet\u2019s message, clearly, is that just as the animal word has obvious natural reactions, so too does the human world and the world of God.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

But there is something interesting in the usage of animal imagery. Both the lions and young lions are active. They are roaring for their prey. The bird, however, is passive. This bird is not crowing or chirping, but rather it is trapped.\u00a0 Why would Amos create this subtle shift? It would make more sense for the sequence of the verses to be equal. Perhaps Amos is luring the reader into a false sense of security. Hearing at first the roaring lions, the reader may focus on this triumphant image. The lion has been used to reference Judah. Perhaps this prophecy will a triumphant one.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

But then he makes the switch. Judah is likened to a lion, but the people of Israel are also likened to birds. (As with Abraham in \"the covenant of the parts\" back in Genesis 15). Suddenly the animal images are not so comforting. This shift actually helps heighten the tension of the second half of the prophecy as Amos shifts to the human world and the warning call of the shofar and prophecy. Whatever sense of comfort the reader has at first has been swiftly removed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77398,"alt":"","title":"amos3-lion","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion.jpg","width":1920,"height":1285,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-300x201.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":201,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-768x514.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":514,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-1024x685.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":685,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1028,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1285,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-1200x803.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":803,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-628x420.jpg","home_baner-width":628,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Amos's Amazing Animals","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"But the prey turns out to be - us","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77398,"alt":"","title":"amos3-lion","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion.jpg","width":1920,"height":1285,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-300x201.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":201,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-768x514.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":514,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-1024x685.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":685,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1028,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1285,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-1200x803.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":803,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos3-lion-628x420.jpg","home_baner-width":628,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":9,"id":"77150","color":"#f7e9e9","size":"1","name":"Indolent Aristocrats ","post_title":"Indolent Aristocrats","slug":"indolent-aristocrats","old_id":"77150","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":54356,"post_title":"Robert Alter","slug":"robert-alter","old_id":"54356","first_name":"Robert ","last_name":"Alter","description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, where he has taught since 1967. 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Norton & Co., 2019.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":54357,"alt":"","title":"robert alter","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","width":184,"height":275,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium-width":184,"medium-height":275,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium_large-width":184,"medium_large-height":275,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","large-width":184,"large-height":275,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","1536x1536-width":184,"1536x1536-height":275,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","2048x2048-width":184,"2048x2048-height":275,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","post_full_size-width":184,"post_full_size-height":275,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","home_baner-width":184,"home_baner-height":275}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"521","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Couch and bed potatoes\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

3:12 \u201c\u2018Thus said the LORD: As the shepherd may save from the lion\u2019s mouth two shank bones or an earlobe, so shall Israel be saved. You who sit in Samaria by the head (<\/span>pe\u2019ah<\/span><\/em>) of a bed or at the end (<\/span>d\u2019mesek<\/span><\/em>) of a couch,\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

There are philological grounds for thinking that the first term, <\/span>pe\u2019ah<\/span><\/em>, means \u201chead of the bed\u201d here (elsewhere, it means \u201ccorner\u201d). The second term is obscure, and so the translation leans on the poetic parallelism. Sitting on the bed may allude to the indolence of the aristocrats of the northern kingdom.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

From: Robert Alter, The Hebrew Bible<\/em>, vol. 2: Prophets, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019, ad loc. By permission of the author.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"From Robert Alter's Bible Translation and Commentary","tile_main_caption":"Indolent Aristocrats","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Couch and bed potatoes","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":10,"id":"77148","color":"#faeed8","size":"1","name":"Points to Ponder - 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    \r\n\t
  1. Surprises<\/em>. As in his previous prophecies, here too the prophet surprises us. He starts off in a predictable direction, and then makes a sudden u-turn.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  2. Sacred cows<\/em>. Amos slaughters sacred cows. On the altar of his prophecy in this chapter can be found: the election of Israel, and the precedent of the exodus from Egypt. If you thought that the chosen people should get preferential treatment, deals and discounts, or that the exodus from Egypt means guaranteed rescues forever, should read verse 2 closely. There will be other sacred cows (and other sorts of cows too) in the coming chapters.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  3. Biblical <\/span>koans<\/span><\/em>. The series of rhetorical questions in verses 3-6 aren\u2019t querying the logical connections between cause and effect. They are building an atmosphere of foreboding and threat, and a feeling of no escape: the beasts of prey, the traps, the shofar\u2019s alarm, and the evil in the city. What does that say about the prophetic experience that comes at the climax of this progression?<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  4. Prophetic irony<\/em>. This is how prophetic irony sounds: \u201cThus said the LORD: As a shepherd rescues from the lion\u2019s jaws Two shank bones or the tip of an ear, So shall the Israelites escape Who dwell in Samaria\u2014 With the leg of a bed or the head of a couch\u201d (verse 12).<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  5. The architecture of wealth<\/em>. In the prophecy of Samaria\u2019s one-percenters, the buildings themselves project the ostentatious wealth. There are palace fortresses, which contain treasures (gained from \u201clawlessness and rapine\u201d), and summer mansions and winter mansions, precisely located for every type of weather, and \u201civory palaces,\u201d apparently decorated with rare ivory from faraway lands. <\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","post_main_content_image":{"id":53645,"alt":"","title":"general-qs-points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1920,"height":603,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-300x94.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":94,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-768x241.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":241,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1024x322.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":322,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":482,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":603,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1200x377.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":377,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1337x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1337,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Amos 3","tile_main_caption":"Points to Ponder","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Insights and questions for personal reflection and group discussion","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":53645,"alt":"","title":"general-qs-points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1920,"height":603,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-300x94.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":94,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-768x241.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":241,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1024x322.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":322,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":482,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":603,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1200x377.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":377,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1337x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1337,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":11,"id":"77018","color":"#efefef","size":"1","name":"Sefaria Source Sheets - 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    \u201cMountains Dripping Wine\u201d<\/a> by Shimon Yaakov Ben-Tzvi: Background on Amos and some of his goals.<\/p>\r\n

    \u201cGod? Six Jewish Responses\u201d<\/a> by Patrick Beaulier: Complex ways to look at God.<\/p>\r\n

    \u201cMLK and Torah\u201d<\/a> by Ari Elias-Bachrach: MLK and and Jewish values.<\/p>\r\n

     <\/p>","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Go deeper into the chapter....","tile_main_caption":"Source Sheets - Amos 3","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Links to learning resources","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":42232,"alt":"","title":"sefaria-words-sunburst","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","width":608,"height":395,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-300x195.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":195,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","medium_large-width":608,"medium_large-height":395,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","large-width":608,"large-height":395,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","1536x1536-width":608,"1536x1536-height":395,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","2048x2048-width":608,"2048x2048-height":395,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","post_full_size-width":608,"post_full_size-height":395,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","home_baner-width":608,"home_baner-height":395}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"Sefaria word sunburst visualization","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"3","chapter_main_number":"521","date":"20270829","wall_id":"521"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall\/77120"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wall"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}