{"id":76716,"date":"2018-07-09T17:48:19","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T14:48:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wall\/wall-515\/"},"modified":"2020-07-01T17:51:23","modified_gmt":"2020-07-01T14:51:23","slug":"wall-515","status":"publish","type":"wall","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wall\/wall-515\/","title":{"rendered":"chapter-Prophets-Joel-1"},"parent":0,"template":"","acf":{"type":"chapter","wall_id":"515","date":"20270819","book":"Joel","chapter":"1","chapter_main_number":"515","books_group":"Prophets","posts":[{"order":1,"id":"76736","color":"#f8ebe3","size":"1","name":"JPS Audio Bible - Joel Chapter 1     ","post_title":"JPS Audio Bible - Joel Chapter 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are excited to announce the next installment of the 929 English Podcast! \u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p>The 929 English Podcast profiles influential and innovative figures from the 929 community and is hosted by Rabbi Adam Mintz. \u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/929englishpodcast\/leigh-steinberg\">Today's episode will host Leigh Steinberg, sports agent<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/apple.co\/30OIIKg\">Subscribe on iTunes <\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/929englishpodcast\">soundcloud<\/a>, or wherever you get your podcasts. \u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p>And make sure to tell a 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The opening verse: \u201cThe word of the Lord that came to Joel son of Pethuel\u201d identifies only the prophet; there is no mention of the king(s) during whose reign(s) he prophesied. Naturally, that has led to considerable speculation.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rashi identified Pethuel with the Prophet Samuel, who \u201centreated God (<\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pitah la`el<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) with his prayer,\u201d but also cited another opinion to the effect that Joel\u2019s prophecy was uttered during the reign of Jehoram son of Ahab, during the selfsame seven years of famine prophesied by Elisha (2 Kings 8). Yet a third opinion, which he attributed to the 8<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> century Halakhot Gedolot, placed Joel, along with Nahum and Habakuk, during the reign of Manasseh.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yosef Kara cited Rashi\u2019s first interpretation and attributed it to Seder Olam, the standard work of rabbinic chronology. Ibn Ezra, ever the skeptic, wrote: \u201cWe have no way to determine his era, and according to the straightforward (<\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">peshat<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) meaning of the text he was not the son of Samuel.\u201d Radak, ever the eclectic, wrote:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This prophet prophesied first about the locusts that God would bring to the Land of Israel on account of their sins. Then, he prophesied a future prophecy for the Messianic Age. Some say that during the reign of Jehoram son of Ahab, he prophesied a famine, to wit: \u201cGod has summoned a famine to come upon the land for seven years\u201d (2 Kings 8:1). Four [of those] years were taken up by the four species of locusts, and for three years, the rains were withheld.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He also cited the opinion that situated Joel in the era of Manasseh along with Nahum and Habakuk (attributing it to Seder Olam rather than Halakhot Gedolot), adding that this information was withheld from the text on account of that king\u2019s improprieties.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A most original interpretation was offered by Yosef Ibn Kaspi (Provence, 1279-1340), placing the subject of Joel\u2019s prophecy\u2014if not necessarily the prophet himself\u2014firmly in the Second Temple era:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, it appears to me that after he had verified through Isaiah and Hosea and others of his predecessors that the First Temple would be destroyed and a second one built, even though they had made no predictions of Second Temple events to befall our people save for Ezekiel who predicted the rise of the third creature [see Daniel 7, referring to the Greeks] and the troubles it would cause our people until the Hasmoneans defeated them, this prophet reinforced this matter, too. Therefore, he addressed \u201cthe people of Judah and the people of Jerusalem [who] were sold to the Ionians\u201d (4:6).<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":76784,"alt":"","title":"joel1-joel-michaelangelo","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","width":502,"height":599,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo-251x300.jpg","medium-width":251,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","medium_large-width":502,"medium_large-height":599,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","large-width":502,"large-height":599,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","1536x1536-width":502,"1536x1536-height":599,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","2048x2048-width":502,"2048x2048-height":599,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","post_full_size-width":502,"post_full_size-height":599,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo-352x420.jpg","home_baner-width":352,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Dating a Prophet","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"He\u2019s hard to pin down...","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":76784,"alt":"","title":"joel1-joel-michaelangelo","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","width":502,"height":599,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo-251x300.jpg","medium-width":251,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","medium_large-width":502,"medium_large-height":599,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","large-width":502,"large-height":599,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","1536x1536-width":502,"1536x1536-height":599,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","2048x2048-width":502,"2048x2048-height":599,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo.jpg","post_full_size-width":502,"post_full_size-height":599,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-joel-michaelangelo-352x420.jpg","home_baner-width":352,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joel","chapter":"1","chapter_main_number":"515","date":"20270819","wall_id":"515"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":5,"id":"76705","color":"#f6f5de","size":"1","name":"Ethical Giants - The Hebrew Prophets      ","post_title":"Ethical Giants - The Hebrew Prophets","slug":"ethical-giants-the-hebrew-prophets","old_id":"76705","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":38102,"post_title":"929-English","slug":"929-english","old_id":"38102","first_name":"","last_name":"929-English","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":38333,"alt":"","title":"\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","width":1513,"height":860,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-300x171.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":171,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-768x437.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":437,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-1024x582.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":582,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","1536x1536-width":1513,"1536x1536-height":860,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","2048x2048-width":1513,"2048x2048-height":860,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-1200x682.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":682,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-739x420.png","home_baner-width":739,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"2015","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"They did not believe that conscience is a still, small voice: it thunders or it does not speak at all","post_main_content_content":"<p>\u201cWhen silence threatens to take the power of decision out of our hands \u2026 one looks into history for the courage to speak even in an unpopular cause. Looming as ethical giants are those extraordinary of men, the Hebrew prophets.<\/p>\r\n<p>They did not believe that conscience is a still, small voice. They believed that conscience thunders or it does not speak at all. They were articulate, passionate, and fearless, attacking injustice and corruption whether the guilty be kings or their own unrepentant people. Without physical protection, scornful of risks evoked by their unpopular messages, they went among the people with no shield other than truth.<\/p>\r\n<p>Today we particularly need the Hebrew prophets because they taught that to love God was to love justice; that each human being has an inescapable obligation to denounce evil where he sees it and to defy a ruler who commands him to break the covenant. The Hebrew prophets are needed today because decent people must be imbued with the courage to speak the truth, to realize that silence may temporarily preserve status or security but to live with a lie is a gross affront to God.<\/p>\r\n<p>The Hebrew prophets are needed today because we need their flaming courage; we need them because the thunder of their fearless voices is the only sound stronger than the blasts of bombs and clamor of war hysteria\u2026.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>-From Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s speech to the Synagogue Council of America on December 5, 1966.<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":65063,"alt":"","title":"mlk","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk.jpg","width":1920,"height":1919,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-768x768.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":768,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-1024x1024.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1919,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-1200x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-420x420.jpg","home_baner-width":420,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"MLK on Justice and the Prophets","tile_main_caption":"Ethical Giants - The Hebrew Prophets","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"They did not believe that conscience is a still, small voice: it thunders or it does not speak at all","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":65063,"alt":"","title":"mlk","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk.jpg","width":1920,"height":1919,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-768x768.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":768,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-1024x1024.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1919,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-1200x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/mlk-420x420.jpg","home_baner-width":420,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Hosea","chapter":false,"chapter_main_number":false,"date":"20200701","wall_id":"2015"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":6,"id":"76775","color":"#e0e9ef","size":"1","name":"Joel Ben Pethuel   ","post_title":"Joel Ben Pethuel","slug":"joel-ben-pethuel","old_id":"76775","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33877,"post_title":"Marc Bregman","slug":"marc-bregman","old_id":"33877","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bregman","description":"Marc Bregman received his Ph.D. from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1991. He taught at the Hebrew Union College (Jerusalem), The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Schechter Institute for Judaic Studies in Jerusalem, and at the Ben-Gurion University in Beer Sheba, Israel. During 1993 he was Visiting Associate Professor at Yale University, and during 1996 he was the Stroum Professor of Jewish Studies and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Washington in Seattle. During 2005, Bregman served as the Harry Starr Fellow in Judaica at Harvard University and was awarded a Teaching Fellowship at the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. He also has served as Forchheimer Visiting Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is the author of The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions (Gorgias Press, 2003). In 2006, Bregman was appointed the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, where he also headed the program in Jewish Studies, until 2013. Bregman retired from UNCG as of July 31, 2017. He has now returned to Jerusalem where he is continuing his research and teaching activities.","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Marc Bregman is the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies emeritus, at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33878,"alt":"Marc Bregman","title":"Marc Bregman","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","width":361,"height":488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-222x300.jpg","medium-width":222,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","medium_large-width":361,"medium_large-height":488,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","large-width":361,"large-height":488,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","1536x1536-width":361,"1536x1536-height":488,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","2048x2048-width":361,"2048x2048-height":488,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","post_full_size-width":361,"post_full_size-height":488,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-311x420.jpg","home_baner-width":311,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"515","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Son of Sam(uel) - or not?","post_main_content_content":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Book of Joel opens with a seemingly straightforward superscription: \u201cThe word of the Lord that came to Joel son of Pethuel\u201d (Joel 1:1). The Prophet Joel is mentioned by name only here, though ten other biblical personalities also bear the name Joel. Also, Pethuel is mentioned only here. Moreover, unlike most other Prophets, no specific information is given in Scripture about when the Prophet Joel lived. The current dominant view seems to be that the Book of Joel was composed in the Second Temple Period.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The paucity of definite dating information for the Prophet Joel ben Pethuel only served to stimulate the interpretive ingenuity of Jewish tradition. Rashi on Joel 1:1 states somewhat elliptically that Joel ben Petheul was the son of Samuel the Prophet, apparently identifying the Prophet Joel with Joel, the first-born son of Samuel (see I Sam. 8:2). Ibn-Ezra though states bluntly that \u201caccording to the <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pshat<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, he (i.e. the Prophet Joel) is not the son of the Prophet Samuel\u201d, because we have no way of knowing in what generation the Prophet Joel lived.\" Since we are told there that Samuel\u2019s two sons fell into wicked ways, Rashi's view seems to be a surprisingly pejorative comment on the character and behavior of the Prophet Joel. Indeed, Rashi goes on to state that he [the Prophet Samuel] \u201cseduced God with his prayer\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rashi\u2019s source for this rather disconcerting comment is a no less curious midrashic tradition preserved in Midrash Tehillim 80:1 and in Numbers Rabbah 10:5. Why was he called Pethuel [Hebrew \u201c<em>petu<\/em> \u2013 seduce, <em>el<\/em> \u2013 God)? Because he would seduce (<em>mitpateh<\/em>) by curling his hair like a virgin maiden\u2026Because he seduced God with his prayer. And this refers to Samuel Ha-Ramati (the prophet Samuel whose home was in Ramah, I Sam. 25:1), as Samuel says: \u201cI will pray to the Lord for you\u2026and there they said We have sinned against the Lord\u201d (I Sam. 7:5-6) [i.e. Samuel \u201cseduced\u201d God with his prayer to forgive those who had sinned]\u2026 \u201cAnd the name of his [Samuel\u2019s] first-born son was Joel, and his second son\u2019s name was Abijah\u201d (I Sam. 8:2)\u2026Just as this one was wicked so the other one was wicked. But in the end, they repented\u2026and for this reason the two sons of the Prophet Samuel deserved the Holy Spirit, as it is written: \u201cThe word of the Lord that came to Joel son of Pethuel\u201d (Joel 1:1).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Jewish tradition, the grave-site of the Prophet Joel ben Pethuel is located in the Galilean village of Jish (ancient Gush Halav) along with the grave-sites of the early Rabbinic Sages Shemaiah and Avtalyon and several ancient synagogues.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(For a detailed discussion of the various traditional Jewish interpretations of Joel 1:1, see Menahem Ben-Yashar and Jordan S. Penkower, <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Bible in Rabbinic Interpretation<\/span><\/em><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vol. 2 Joel Amos (2015), pp. 19-27).<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":76776,"alt":"","title":"joel1-tomb","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","width":400,"height":533,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb-225x300.jpg","medium-width":225,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","medium_large-width":400,"medium_large-height":533,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","large-width":400,"large-height":533,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","1536x1536-width":400,"1536x1536-height":533,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","2048x2048-width":400,"2048x2048-height":533,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","post_full_size-width":400,"post_full_size-height":533,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb-315x420.jpg","home_baner-width":315,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Joel Ben Pethuel","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Son of Sam(uel) - or not?","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":76776,"alt":"","title":"joel1-tomb","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","width":400,"height":533,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb-225x300.jpg","medium-width":225,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","medium_large-width":400,"medium_large-height":533,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","large-width":400,"large-height":533,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","1536x1536-width":400,"1536x1536-height":533,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","2048x2048-width":400,"2048x2048-height":533,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb.jpg","post_full_size-width":400,"post_full_size-height":533,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-tomb-315x420.jpg","home_baner-width":315,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joel","chapter":"1","chapter_main_number":"515","date":"20270819","wall_id":"515"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":7,"id":"76780","color":"#faeed8","size":"1","name":"Like A Bereaved Maiden Girded With Sackcloth   ","post_title":"Like A Bereaved Maiden Girded With Sackcloth","slug":"like-a-bereaved-maiden-girded-with-sackcloth","old_id":"76780","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":57331,"post_title":"Josh and Leora Blechner","slug":"josh-and-leora-blechner","old_id":"57331","first_name":"Josh and Leora ","last_name":"Blechner","description":"Josh and Leora Blechner have been learning Tanach together since Leora was five years old. Josh is an in-house attorney in New Jersey and Leora is a middle school student at SAR academy.","short_description":"Josh and Leora Blechner have been learning Tanach together since Leora was five years old. Josh is an in-house attorney in New Jersey and Leora is a middle school student at SAR academy.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":57484,"alt":"","title":"blechner","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","width":501,"height":509,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1-295x300.jpg","medium-width":295,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","medium_large-width":501,"medium_large-height":509,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","large-width":501,"large-height":509,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","1536x1536-width":501,"1536x1536-height":509,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","2048x2048-width":501,"2048x2048-height":509,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1.jpg","post_full_size-width":501,"post_full_size-height":509,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blechner-1-413x420.jpg","home_baner-width":413,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"515","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"A short book inspires a timeless poem of mourning\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We are not sure when the prophet Joel prophesied, as it is never explicitly mentioned in the book. Many commentators place the prophet as early as the start of monarchy or as late as the evil king Manasseh. In any event, this prophet pre-dated the destruction of the Temple.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Joel is also a very short four chapters long. One can easily be dismissive of an unknown, fleeting prophet. Yet, this short collection of prophecies predating the destruction provides one of the most recognizable verses used in the fast of the 9th of Av. After a long morning of sitting on the floor and reading the poems of lament, we end the services with Lamentation number 45. This poem is usually sung and its tune is recognizable to many a shul-goer.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The poem has a simple structure, each verse begins with the Hebrew word <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">alei<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u201ccry out!\u201d followed by a treasure of the people lost in the destruction. The opening and closing phrase of this poem are the same and come from chapter one verse eight in Joel: \u201cLament the maiden girded with sackcloth for the husband of her youth\u201d (1:8), or as the poet recalls \u201cLament for Zion and her cities like a woman giving birth, <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and like a bride dressed in mourning for the husband of her youth<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>.<\/em>\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":76781,"alt":"","title":"joel1-maiden","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden.jpg","width":1920,"height":1440,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-300x225.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":225,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-768x576.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":576,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-1024x768.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":768,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1152,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1440,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-1200x900.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":900,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-560x420.jpg","home_baner-width":560,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Like A Bereaved Maiden Girded With Sackcloth","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"A short book inspires a timeless poem of mourning","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":76781,"alt":"","title":"joel1-maiden","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden.jpg","width":1920,"height":1440,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-300x225.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":225,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-768x576.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":576,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-1024x768.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":768,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1152,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1440,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-1200x900.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":900,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/joel1-maiden-560x420.jpg","home_baner-width":560,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joel","chapter":"1","chapter_main_number":"515","date":"20270819","wall_id":"515"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":8,"id":"76778","color":"#e6f5f3","size":"1","name":"Devastated   ","post_title":"Devastated","slug":"devastated","old_id":"76778","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":62571,"post_title":"Yaakov Bieler","slug":"yaakov-bieler","old_id":"62571","first_name":"Yaakov ","last_name":"Bieler ","description":"Rabbi Yaakov Bieler has been involved in Jewish education and the synagogue Rabbinate in New York, NY and Silver Spring, MD since being ordained by Yeshiva University in 1974. 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","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":62572,"alt":"","title":"OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","width":141,"height":180,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler-141x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":141,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","medium-width":141,"medium-height":180,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","medium_large-width":141,"medium_large-height":180,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","large-width":141,"large-height":180,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","1536x1536-width":141,"1536x1536-height":180,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","2048x2048-width":141,"2048x2048-height":180,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","post_full_size-width":141,"post_full_size-height":180,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","home_baner-width":141,"home_baner-height":180}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"515","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"The very trees will mourn their own destruction","post_main_content_content":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Joel 1 predicts that God will send a plague of four types of locusts that will descend upon Israel and consume all its crops and fruits. The prophet utilizes a number of metaphors for the insect invasion, including: an invading army (v. 6); and an uncontrolled fire (v. 19-20). Joel also describes the diverse elements of society that will feel acutely victimized by this scourge: the alcoholics deprived of their wine (v. 5); the priests who will have trouble finding wine for their libations (v. 9, 13); the farmers whose fields will be laid waste (v. 11); human beings in general saddened by the incursions affecting their food supply (v. 12); and even animals who will be bereft of pasture land (v. 18, 20.)<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the most obscure, and therefore in my view, most interesting, of the prophetic metaphors for the devastation that will be caused by the insect swarms, appears in v. 8:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cLament\u2014like a \u2018Betula\u2019 (<\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">maiden girl<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) with sackcloth, for the husband of her youth!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Who is the \u201cyoung bride\u201d and who was to be \u201cher husband,\u201d who passed away so precipitously and is therefore being mourned by her?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among the classical commentators, R. Eliezer MiBeaugency and Metzudat David interpret the verse literally, i.e., since a young woman\u2019s deepest love is reserved for the husband of her youth, and everything had already been prepared for the wedding, but at the last minute, it couldn\u2019t take place, because the groom suddenly dies, this is the same emotion that pervades the society when the produce that had just become ready for harvest, is suddenly devoured by a plague of insects.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Radak, Alsheich, and Abravanel see the verse in terms of its theological import, i.e., the Jewish community, that had always felt protected by its relationship with the Divine, to the point where it viewed Him as their \u201cBetrothed,\u201d bemoans and mourns their apparent abandonment by God, as manifested in the great agricultural losses that they are suffering.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But Malbim offers the most visual, detailed, and poetic rendering of this verse. In his view, the \u201cmourners\u201d are the grape vine and the fig tree (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">!<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) that have been destroyed. He continues that the \u201csackcloth\u201d (that none of the other interpreters explicitly accounted for) corresponds to the pieces of material that typically are used to cover and warm these plants when their bark has been removed and only the trunk remains, in the hope that new shoots and branches will eventually grow from them. Malbim even accounts for the terminology of \u201cBetula\u201d in the verse, by referencing the Talmud in Nidda 8b, which states that a \u201cBetulat Shikma,\u201d a particular type of tree, is one that \u201chas not been felled, i.e., cut to promote growth.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In an article entitled, \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/j.ctt21h4xrd.9.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3A717c9bebaabfcc57036ff9ac2a42eb52)\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Malbim\u2019s Secular Knowledge and His Relationship to the Spirit of the Haskala<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d Dr. David Berger writes of Malbim that : \u201c\u2026<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">his life\u2019s work expressed itself in the use of science, logic, philosophy, grammar, and poetry to further and defend religion.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>image: 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very trees will mourn their own 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Quintessential Prophet\u00a0   ","post_title":"The Quintessential Prophet\u00a0","slug":"the-quintessential-prophet","old_id":"76773","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":73524,"post_title":"Yaakov Beasley","slug":"yaakov-beasley","old_id":"73524","first_name":"Yaakov ","last_name":"Beasley ","description":"Yaakov Beasley is the Tanakh Coordinator at Yeshivat Hesder Lev haTorah, the host of the TanachTalks podcast, and the author of Nahum, Habakkuk, and Zephaniah: Lights in the Valley (Maggid Press, 2020). ","short_description":"Yaakov Beasley is the Tanakh Coordinator at Yeshivat Hesder Lev haTorah, podcast host and author. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":73525,"alt":"","title":"yaakov beasley","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley.jpg","width":409,"height":484,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley-254x300.jpg","medium-width":254,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley.jpg","medium_large-width":409,"medium_large-height":484,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley.jpg","large-width":409,"large-height":484,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley.jpg","1536x1536-width":409,"1536x1536-height":484,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley.jpg","2048x2048-width":409,"2048x2048-height":484,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley.jpg","post_full_size-width":409,"post_full_size-height":484,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/yaakov-beasley-355x420.jpg","home_baner-width":355,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"515","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Perhaps no prophet encapsulates the Tanakh's prophetic message better than Joel. We know little about Joel\u2013 yet we can easily close our eyes and envision dark clouds of locusts slowly approaching on the horizon, quietly blotting out the sun. Listen carefully and we hear the distant echo of approaching hooves and chariots, a dull, deep rhythmic sound that slowly gets louder.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Joel contains a terrifying portrayal of approaching terrors, but he also manages to reinforce our belief in God's mercy, using some of the most magnificent expressions of comfort found in the prophetic works. Both philosophical and practical, Joel dares to ask the fundamental question - when catastrophe strikes, how do we react? Do we give in to despair in times of trouble, or do we find new reservoirs of faith, persevere, and grow? His 73 verses contain 43 separate commands to his listeners - weep, awake, lament, assemble, repent, sound an alarm, fast, return, and rejoice.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Joel is traditionally read in synagogues worldwide on the Shabbat after Rosh HaShanah \u2013 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shabbat Shuvah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 the Sabbath of Repentance. Our previous chapter in Trei Asar, Hosea 14, assures us that repentance is possible \u2013 Joel challenges us to seize that opportunity when it comes.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Joel ranks among the hardest prophets to determine when he prophesied \u2013 the book references no specific historical event or figure. Rabbinic thought (TB Taanit 5a) equates the locust plague that Joel so vividly describes in chapter 1 with the famine depicted in 2 Kings 6:24-8:1 (between 850-800 BCE). This is the Radak's view as well:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[He] prophesied first about the locusts, [and then] about the future, the days of Messiah. Some say he presented this prophecy in the days of Jehoram ben Ahab, when there was a famine in the land, as it is written (Melachim II 8:1), \"For God has called for a famine, and it has come to the land for seven years.\" Four years were the four types of locusts, and three years were of drought.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the trend among modern commentators and scholars is to date Joel much later. In his commentary in <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daat Mikra<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Amos Hakham observes:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2026 Some say that Joel prophesied soon after the construction of the second Temple. There is evidence for this view: Joel used the name Judah even where the intent was certainly for the entire, promised land of Israel (4:20).<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also, in his appeal to the people to repent, he does not enumerate specific sins, neither does he mention idolatry - regarding which the prophets rebuked at length in the first Temple, but which was uprooted from Israel in the second Temple. Joel does not mention the king when he speaks about the nation gathering to pray in the house of God\u2026<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fortunately, the lack of certainty of when Joel lived does not hamper us from appreciating Joel's message \u2013 and possibly helps makes that message even more timeless.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"The Quintessential Prophet\u00a0","tile_main_caption":"Joel asks the fundamental question: how do we react when catastrophe strikes? Do we give in to despair, or do we find new reservoirs of faith, persevere, and grow?","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joel","chapter":"1","chapter_main_number":"515","date":"20270819","wall_id":"515"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":10,"id":"76734","color":"#f7e9e9","size":"1","name":"Roget\u2019s Locusts    ","post_title":"Roget\u2019s Locusts","slug":"rogets-locusts","old_id":"76734","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":54356,"post_title":"Robert Alter","slug":"robert-alter","old_id":"54356","first_name":"Robert ","last_name":"Alter","description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, where he has taught since 1967. He has written over twenty books, focusing on such topics as the European novel from the 18th century to the present, contemporary American fiction, and modern Hebrew literature. He has also written extensively on the literary aspects of the Bible. His most recent work is his monumental three volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019 -  from which the selections in 929 are taken. ","short_description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, and author of the three-volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":54357,"alt":"","title":"robert alter","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","width":184,"height":275,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium-width":184,"medium-height":275,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium_large-width":184,"medium_large-height":275,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","large-width":184,"large-height":275,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","1536x1536-width":184,"1536x1536-height":275,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","2048x2048-width":184,"2048x2048-height":275,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","post_full_size-width":184,"post_full_size-height":275,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","home_baner-width":184,"home_baner-height":275}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"515","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Four synonyms?","post_main_content_content":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1:4 \u201c\u2018What remained from the locust the grasshopper ate, and what remained from the grasshopper the swarmer ate and what remained from the swarmer the grub did eat.\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plagues of locusts, an instance of which figures in the Ten Plagues, were known catastrophic events in the Near East. Vast swarms of the voracious insects would eat everything in their path, leaving the fields bare of produce. Joel uses four different Hebrew synonyms for \u201clocust,\u201d and all the English versions, including the present translation, flounder to find or invent four equivalents. Some scholars think that these four terms indicate four stages in the metamorphosis of the insect, but that is uncertain. Three of the four Hebrew words show a transparent etymology: <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">gazam<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (the word rendered here as \u201clocust\u201d), \u201cto cut back\u201d; <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018<\/span><\/i><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">arbeh<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u2018multitude\u201d; and <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1e25asil<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u201cto finish off or destroy.\u201d The last, <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">yeleq<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> might conceivably be linked with <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">laqaq<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u201click.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From: Robert Alter, <em>The Hebrew Bible<\/em>, vol. 2: Prophets, W. W. Norton &amp; Co., 2019, ad loc. By permission of the author.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"From Robert Alter's Bible Translation and Commentary","tile_main_caption":"Roget\u2019s Locusts","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Four synonyms?","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joel","chapter":"1","chapter_main_number":"515","date":"20270819","wall_id":"515"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":11,"id":"76732","color":"#f7f7f5","size":"1","name":"Points to Ponder - Joel 1   ","post_title":"Points to Ponder - Joel 1","slug":"points-to-ponder-joel-1","old_id":"76732","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":38102,"post_title":"929-English","slug":"929-english","old_id":"38102","first_name":"","last_name":"929-English","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":38333,"alt":"","title":"\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","width":1513,"height":860,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-300x171.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":171,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-768x437.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":437,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-1024x582.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":582,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","1536x1536-width":1513,"1536x1536-height":860,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","2048x2048-width":1513,"2048x2048-height":860,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-1200x682.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":682,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-739x420.png","home_baner-width":739,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"515","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"<ol>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>Different species - or just stages?<\/em> Locusts are a natural phenomenon, wherein grasshoppers turn into a swarm that reproduces in an intensified manner and wanders from place to place, destroying everything green in its path. In verse 4 the locust is mentioned with four different names: \u201cWhat the cutter has left, the locust has devoured; What the locust has left, the grub has devoured; And what the grub has left, the hopper has devoured.\u201d These might be different varieties of locusts, or they might be the different stages the locust goes through in its development.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>A riddle<\/em>. Who is like a powerful enemy, with endless soldiers: \u201cFor a nation has invaded my land, Vast beyond counting, With teeth like the teeth of a lion, With the fangs of a lion\u2019s breed\u201d (verse 6. It is the locusts.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>The suffering of nature<\/em>. The natural world responds with deep emotion to the way it is devastated in this prophecy. Listen to the sorrow and strife of the land itself, the vegetation and the animals: the ground mourns, the fig tree is desolate, and all the rest.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>From Joel, to the Mishnah, and beyond<\/em>. What should one do in a time of trouble? Decree a public fast, of course. How does one do that, and what does it entail? You are invited to look beyond Tanach, to the Mishnah (Taanit 2:1), and see the fingerprints of Joel\u2019s prophecy there. <\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","post_main_content_image":{"id":53645,"alt":"","title":"general-qs-points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1920,"height":603,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-300x94.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":94,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-768x241.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":241,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1024x322.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":322,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":482,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":603,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1200x377.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":377,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1337x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1337,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Joel 1","tile_main_caption":"Points to Ponder","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Insights and questions for personal reflection and group discussion","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":53645,"alt":"","title":"general-qs-points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1920,"height":603,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-300x94.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":94,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-768x241.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":241,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1024x322.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":322,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":482,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":603,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1200x377.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":377,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1337x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1337,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joel","chapter":"1","chapter_main_number":"515","date":"20270819","wall_id":"515"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":12,"id":"76746","color":"#effaea","size":"1","name":"Sefaria Source Sheets - Joel 1     ","post_title":"Sefaria Source Sheets - Joel 1","slug":"sefaria-source-sheets-joel-1","old_id":"76746","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":42228,"post_title":"Sefaria","slug":"sefaria","old_id":"42228","first_name":"","last_name":"Sefaria","description":"Sefaria is a non-profit organization dedicated to building the future of Jewish learning in an open and participatory way. We are assembling a free living library of Jewish texts and their interconnections, in Hebrew and in translation. With these digital texts, we can create new, interactive interfaces for Web, tablet and mobile, allowing more people to engage with the textual treasures of our tradition.","short_description":"Sefaria is a non-profit organization dedicated to building the future of Jewish learning in an open and participatory way. \r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":42230,"alt":"","title":"Sefaria Logo2","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2.png","width":1200,"height":1200,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2-300x300.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2-768x768.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":768,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2-1024x1024.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2.png","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":1200,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2.png","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":1200,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Sefaria-Logo2-420x420.png","home_baner-width":420,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"515","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sefaria.org\/sheets\/3548?lang=bi\">\u201cAnti Yeshayahu in Joel\u201d<\/a> by Shlomi Helfgot: How Joel\u2019s prophecy comes in contrast with Yeshayahu\u2019s.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sefaria.org\/sheets\/6662?lang=bi\">\u201cWhen the Rains Fail: Law, Sex &amp; Power Feminist Approaches to Talmud\u201d<\/a> by Shalom Flank: Thinking about the role of women in fasting and bringing rain.<\/p>","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Go deeper into the chapter....","tile_main_caption":"Source Sheets - Joel 1","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Links to learning resources","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":42232,"alt":"","title":"sefaria-words-sunburst","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","width":608,"height":395,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-300x195.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":195,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","medium_large-width":608,"medium_large-height":395,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","large-width":608,"large-height":395,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","1536x1536-width":608,"1536x1536-height":395,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","2048x2048-width":608,"2048x2048-height":395,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","post_full_size-width":608,"post_full_size-height":395,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","home_baner-width":608,"home_baner-height":395}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"Sefaria word sunburst visualization","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joel","chapter":"1","chapter_main_number":"515","date":"20270819","wall_id":"515"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false}],"hide_acf":true,"home_image":false,"home_posts":false,"home_posts_title":"","posts_home":[],"static_cube_title":"","static_cube_brief":"","static_cube_color":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall\/76716"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wall"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}