{"id":76709,"date":"2018-07-09T17:48:25","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T14:48:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wall\/wall-520\/"},"modified":"2020-07-12T17:23:24","modified_gmt":"2020-07-12T14:23:24","slug":"wall-520","status":"publish","type":"wall","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wall\/wall-520\/","title":{"rendered":"chapter-Prophets-Amos-2"},"parent":0,"template":"","acf":{"type":"chapter","wall_id":"520","date":"20270826","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","books_group":"Prophets","posts":[{"order":1,"id":"76985","color":"#f8ebe3","size":"1","name":"JPS Audio Bible - Amos Chapter 2 ","post_title":"JPS Audio Bible - Amos Chapter 2","slug":"jps-audio-bible-amos-chapter-2","old_id":"76985","type":"user","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34686,"post_title":"Soundcloud","slug":"soundcloud","old_id":"34686","first_name":"","last_name":"","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34656,"alt":"","title":"491","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","width":300,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"520","type_929":"4","show_author_image":true,"old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"JPS Audio Bible","tile_main_caption":"Amos Chapter 2","tile_main_caption_size":"2","tile_sub_caption":"Hear the daily chapter","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/user-753876298\/jps_audio_bible_amos_chapter_2","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","date":"20270826","wall_id":"520"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":2,"id":"77304","color":"#eceffa","size":"1","name":"Listening To The Prophets with Rabbi Abby Sosland - Amos 2","post_title":"Listening To The Prophets with Rabbi Abby Sosland - Amos 2","slug":"listening-to-the-prophets-with-rabbi-abby-sosland-amos-2","old_id":"77304","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":56624,"post_title":"Abby Sosland","slug":"abby-sosland","old_id":"56624","first_name":"Abby ","last_name":"Sosland","description":"Rabbi Abby Sosland is a spiritual advisor, writer, and educator, based at The Leffell School in Westchester, New York. 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(This post is the second in a series on social justice in Amos)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In today\u2019s chapter, Amos finally turns to his true audience \u2013 the northern kingdom of Israel. His focus on income inequality is clear from his chastisement of the people: \u201cThey recline (<\/span>yatu<\/span><\/em>)<\/span><\/i> by every altar On garments taken in pledge, And drink in the House of their God Wine bought with fines (<\/span>anushim<\/span><\/em>) they imposed\u201d (2:8).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The outlines of an economic system are being sketched out: There are poor people in need of capital who borrow money. Their clothing is taken from them as collateral (in contravention of the law from Exodus 22, which requires the lender to return the clothing nightly) and the upper class people who took their collateral use it as a blanket while reclining and drinking wine.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Many rare words are in use in this verse, so that some amount of commentary is needed for any clear understanding. The verb \u201c\u05d9\u05b7\u05d8\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc\u201d, <\/span>yatu<\/span><\/em>, translated here as reclining, comes from the definition that means \u201cto stretch out.\u201d It is not commonly used this way, but reminds us of the prohibition against unjust court rulings in the book of Deuteronomy (16:19): \u201c\u05dc\u05b9\u05d0\u05be\u05ea\u05b7\u05d8\u05bc\u05b6\u05d4 \u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e4\u05bc\u05b8\u05d8\u201d <\/span>lo tateh mishpat<\/span><\/em>, \u2013 do not twist or pervert justice.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The adjective \u201c\u05e2\u05b2\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd\u201d, <\/span>anushim<\/span><\/em>,<\/span><\/i> has a similar root to the word for \u2018punishment\u2019, which leads to the commentaries and translators to understand this wine to have been purchased with proceeds from court victories.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Who are the perpetrators here? Classical commentaries seize on the references to altars and \u201chouse of their God\u201d to suggest that this could be idolatry. We don\u2019t need to understand it this way. The altar could be the altar in the temple (\u201cevery altar\u201d could be rhetorical rather than plural); the House of their God could be the temple itself.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Could it be that the public servants are the villains here? The judges could be enforcing orders to seize collateral and imposing fines, perhaps in concert with the priestly class. Here, the benefits of the economic prosperity of the era can be seen to be accruing to a few, connected to the levers of power, who misuse the justice system to increase their own wealth.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The result is a nation where the poor get poorer at the hands of a merciless justice system. Looking back two verses we find: \u201cBecause they have sold for silver Those whose cause was just, And the needy for a pair of sandals.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rashi says this refers to judges who are taking bribes. But even judges who don\u2019t take bribes yet callously apply the law without regard for the consequences to the poor can be seen to be perverting the system. Even if the pledge can legally be taken, should it be taken such that the creditor (who has such excess that he uses the garment as a sheet) can recline while the debtor goes without?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The society is fundamentally twisted, as the prophet will continue to explore in future chapters.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77104,"alt":"","title":"amos2-poverty","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-1024x683.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":683,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-1200x800.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":800,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-630x420.jpg","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Social Justice in Amos","tile_main_caption":"The Central Sin: Oppression of the Poor","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"A nation where the poor get poorer at the hands of a merciless justice system","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77104,"alt":"","title":"amos2-poverty","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-1024x683.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":683,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-1200x800.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":800,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-poverty-630x420.jpg","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","date":"20270826","wall_id":"520"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":4,"id":"77080","color":"#e0e9ef","size":"1","name":"Those Shoes Were Made For Walking ","post_title":"Those Shoes Were Made For Walking","slug":"those-shoes-were-made-for-walking","old_id":"77080","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":76082,"post_title":"Hatanakh.com","slug":"hatanakh-com","old_id":"76082","first_name":"","last_name":"Hatanakh.com","description":"Hatanakh.com by Herzog College is one of the world\u2019s most extensive platform for Tanakh learning and teaching, with an elaborate database of articles, audio and video lessons, abstracts, short posts, and interactive maps in both Hebrew and English. 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","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":76083,"alt":"","title":"hatanach logo","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo.jpg","width":709,"height":354,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo-300x150.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":150,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo.jpg","medium_large-width":709,"medium_large-height":354,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo.jpg","large-width":709,"large-height":354,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo.jpg","1536x1536-width":709,"1536x1536-height":354,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo.jpg","2048x2048-width":709,"2048x2048-height":354,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo.jpg","post_full_size-width":709,"post_full_size-height":354,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/hatanach-logo.jpg","home_baner-width":709,"home_baner-height":354}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"520","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Sins of callousness leading to suffering and exile\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Genesis 37 tells the unsettling story of the sale of Joseph as a slave by his jealous and resentful brothers. The Midrash (<\/span>Tanchuma<\/span><\/i>, 2) relates that in exchange for Joseph, each of the brothers received two silver coins, which they used to purchase shoes. The <\/span>Yalkut Shimoni<\/span><\/i> (Vayeshev 142) cites in reference to this incident the verse from Amos (2:6) in which the prophet censures the Israelites \u201cfor their having sold a righteous person for money; a poor person for shoes.\u201d The rabbis<\/span> interpreted this verse as an allusion to the sale of Joseph, in exchange for whom the brothers received money for new shoes.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The obvious question arises as to why the rabbis<\/span> found it significant that the brothers purchased shoes with the money received in exchange for Joseph. Would their crime be judged any differently if they had used the funds for another commodity?\u00a0 Does it really matter how they invested the ill-begotten money?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

One possibility, perhaps, is that the rabbis<\/span> seek to magnify the brothers\u2019 crime by contrasting the triviality of purchasing shoes with the severity of their act. They condemned their younger brother to a life of slavery and suffering \u2013 all for just a pair of shoes. For Joseph, the consequence of this transaction (at least as foreseen at the time) was lifelong misery, torment and shame; for the brothers, it resulted in new pairs of shoes. The Midrash emphasizes the sheer callousness of this act, as the brothers casually approached this transaction as simply an ordinary financial venture, paying no heed to its lifelong implications for Joseph.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Additionally, however, it has been suggested that the rabbis here use the term \u201cshoes\u201d allegorically, as a reference to the shoes which the brothers wore some twenty years later when they went to Egypt to purchase grain.\u00a0 By selling Joseph, the brothers paved the way for their family\u2019s exile, as Joseph ultimately rose to the position of Egyptian vizier, becoming the person responsible for the mass distribution of grain during the drought that struck the region.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Joseph's brothers thought that they brought greater stability to the family by eliminating the member that had caused strife and resentment. But in truth, in ways that they could not possibly have foreseen at the time, the sale resulted in the \u201cshoes\u201d worn on their way to Egypt, where they would begin the long, sorrowful chapter of subjugation and persecution in exile. They thought they were sending Joseph into Egyptian slavery, whereas this crime in fact sent them and their descendants into Egyptian slavery. The rabbis therefore emphasized that through this transaction the brothers acquired \u201cshoes\u201d \u2013 they facilitated their own eventual relocation in Egypt and the onset of bitter persecution.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

By Rabbi David Silverberg for hatanakh.com<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77081,"alt":"","title":"amos2-shoes","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes.jpg","width":1920,"height":1271,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-300x199.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":199,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-768x508.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":508,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-1024x678.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":678,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1017,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1271,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-1200x794.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":794,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-634x420.jpg","home_baner-width":634,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Those Shoes Were Made For Walking","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Sins of callousness leading to suffering and exile","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77081,"alt":"","title":"amos2-shoes","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes.jpg","width":1920,"height":1271,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-300x199.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":199,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-768x508.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":508,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-1024x678.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":678,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1017,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1271,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-1200x794.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":794,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-shoes-634x420.jpg","home_baner-width":634,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","date":"20270826","wall_id":"520"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":5,"id":"77064","color":"#effaea","size":"1","name":"Selling A Tsadik For Silver And The Needy For Shoes ","post_title":"Selling A Tsadik For Silver And The Needy For Shoes","slug":"selling-a-tsadik-for-silver-and-the-needy-for-shoes","old_id":"77064","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33877,"post_title":"Marc Bregman","slug":"marc-bregman","old_id":"33877","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bregman","description":"Marc Bregman received his Ph.D. from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1991. He taught at the Hebrew Union College (Jerusalem), The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Schechter Institute for Judaic Studies in Jerusalem, and at the Ben-Gurion University in Beer Sheba, Israel. During 1993 he was Visiting Associate Professor at Yale University, and during 1996 he was the Stroum Professor of Jewish Studies and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Washington in Seattle. During 2005, Bregman served as the Harry Starr Fellow in Judaica at Harvard University and was awarded a Teaching Fellowship at the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. He also has served as Forchheimer Visiting Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is the author of The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions (Gorgias Press, 2003). In 2006, Bregman was appointed the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, where he also headed the program in Jewish Studies, until 2013. Bregman retired from UNCG as of July 31, 2017. He has now returned to Jerusalem where he is continuing his research and teaching activities.","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Marc Bregman is the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies emeritus, at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33878,"alt":"Marc Bregman","title":"Marc Bregman","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","width":361,"height":488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-222x300.jpg","medium-width":222,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","medium_large-width":361,"medium_large-height":488,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","large-width":361,"large-height":488,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","1536x1536-width":361,"1536x1536-height":488,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","2048x2048-width":361,"2048x2048-height":488,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","post_full_size-width":361,"post_full_size-height":488,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-311x420.jpg","home_baner-width":311,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"520","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Joseph. 20 pieces of silver. And a punishment a long time in coming\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

In our chapter, the Prophet Amos repeats the pattern phrase: \u201cFor three transgressions\u2026 and for four\u201d eight times. In the last occurrence, Israel is to be punished: \u201cBecause they have sold for silver, those whose cause was just, and the needy (<\/span>evyon<\/span><\/em>) for a pair of shoes\u201d (2:6).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Here, according to its biblical context, \u201c<\/span>evyon<\/span><\/em>\u201d refers to \u201cthe needy\u201d in general. However, the Midrash (Tanhuma Vayeshev 2, Pirqey de-Rabbi Eliezer 38) understands that this phrase refers to Joseph who was sold by his brothers to passing Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver (Genesis 37:28). When a group of Ishmaelites passed by, they [Joseph\u2019s brothers] said to each other: \u201cCome, let us sell him to the Ishmaelites\u2026\u201d (37:27). [Joseph\u2019s brothers] sold him for twenty pieces of silver. Each one [of the ten brothers] thus received two pieces of silver with which to buy shoes for themselves. But, how could such a handsome youth as Joseph be sold for only twenty pieces of silver?! When Joseph was thrown into the pit, out of fear of snakes and scorpions, the radiance of his face had changed, the blood had drained from it, so that his face turned green. This is the reason that Joseph\u2019s brothers sold him for only twenty pieces of silver, with which they each purchased shoes for themselves.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Earlier Jewish tradition, preserved in The Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs (Zebulon 3), records that Zebulon said: \u201cI had no share in the price received for Joseph. But Simeon, Gad, and our other brothers accepted the money, bought shoes for themselves, their wives, and their children\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

At the end of July this year (2020), in observing Tisha B\u2019Av, the medieval lament \u201cArzei Ha-Levanon\u201d (by the 13<\/span>th<\/span> century liturgical poet Meir ben Yechiel) will again be recited in Ashkenazi synagogues. It describes in detail the executions of the \u201cTen Martyrs\u201d by the Romans after the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem. This piyyut is based on Midrash Asarah Harugey Ha-Malkhut (Otzar Ha-Midashim, ed. Eisenstein, Volume 2, p. 444), which preserves a curious tale of a Roman ruler, who found in the Torah: \u201cHe who kidnaps a man\u2026shall be put to death\u201d (Shemot 21:16, see also Deuteronomy 24:7). He ordered that the palace be filled with shoes and called to ten great sages. He said to them: According to your Scripture, your forefathers who sold their brother Joseph for shoes should have been put to death! From that time until now, you are the ten greatest sages in Israel. So, you must accept on yourselves the judgement of God and die for the sin of the ten brothers of Joseph. Indeed, if they were still alive today, I would judge them before you. But, in their stead, you will bear their sin of selling Joseph for shoes.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Konstantin Flavitsky, Children of Jacob sell his brother Joseph, 1855 \/ wikipedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77074,"alt":"","title":"Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","width":790,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky-300x228.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":228,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky-768x583.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":583,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","large-width":790,"large-height":600,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","1536x1536-width":790,"1536x1536-height":600,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","2048x2048-width":790,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","post_full_size-width":790,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky-553x420.jpg","home_baner-width":553,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Selling A Tsadik For Silver And The Needy For Shoes","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Joseph. 20 pieces of silver. And a punishment a long time in coming","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77074,"alt":"","title":"Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","width":790,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky-300x228.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":228,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky-768x583.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":583,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","large-width":790,"large-height":600,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","1536x1536-width":790,"1536x1536-height":600,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","2048x2048-width":790,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky.jpg","post_full_size-width":790,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Amos2-Joseph-Konstantin_Flavitsky-553x420.jpg","home_baner-width":553,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","date":"20270826","wall_id":"520"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":6,"id":"77076","color":"#f7e9e9","size":"1","name":"Not Three, But Four ","post_title":"Not Three, But Four","slug":"not-three-but-four","old_id":"77076","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34243,"post_title":"Moshe Sokolow","slug":"moshe-sokolow","old_id":"34243","first_name":"Moshe","last_name":"Sokolow","description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University, and teaches a weekly class in parashat hashavu`a at Lincoln Square Synagogue. He is the author of TANAKH: An Owner\u2019s Manual (Jerusalem: Urim\/Ktav, 2015).\r\n\r\n","short_description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34244,"alt":"","title":"sokolow","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","width":302,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow-300x298.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":298,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","medium_large-width":302,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","large-width":302,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","1536x1536-width":302,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","2048x2048-width":302,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","post_full_size-width":302,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","home_baner-width":302,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"520","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"1,2,3,4 - what are we being punished for?\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Our chapter begins: \u201cFor three transgressions of Moab, for four I will not revoke it because he burned the bones of the King of Edom to lime.\u201d Thereby, Amos continued his rebuke of Israel and the surrounding nations, utilizing a distinctive feature of biblical poetry and lyrical prose that has been designated, variously, as: \u201cthe numerical sequence x\/x+1\u201d or \u201cthe model of the ascending number.\u201d While some 30 such examples have been noted in Tanakh and traceable back to Ugaritic and Mesopotamian literature as well, Amos seems to be distinctive in his use exclusively of the sequence of 3 and 4.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Some scholars see its use as idiomatic, resembling such everyday phrases as \u201cone or two\u201d and signifying an unspecified number. In this case, Amos is saying that Moab has committed many, perhaps innumerable, sins, of which their treatment of the Moabite king is particularly egregious. Others, however, accord it greater precision signifying \u201cnot three, but [exactly] four.\u201d The medieval exegetes appear to have taken the latter approach, citing in evidence Job 33:29: \u201cTruly God does all these things two or three times to a man,\u201d which they uniformly interpret to mean that while God may overlook 2 or 3 sins\u2014since He is famously \u201cforgiving iniquity, transgression, and sin\u201d (Exodus 34:7)\u2014He will not acquit the fourth.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The \u201cidiomatic\u201d approach sees its evidence in the fact that in nearly all the examples cited by Amos only a single sin is mentioned, arguably proving that the numbers are only figurative.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The \u201cprecise\u201d view, however, observes that regarding Israel\u2014which must be acknowledged as the crux of all of these similar prophetic utterings\u2014Amos actually enumerated four sins (verse 6-8):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    \r\n\t
  1. \u201cBecause they have sold for silver those whose cause was just, and the needy for a pair of sandals.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  2. You who trample the heads of the poor into the dust of the ground and make the humble walk a twisted course!<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  3. Father and son go to the same girl, and thereby profane My holy name.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  4. They recline by every altar on garments taken in pledge, and drink in the House of their God wine bought with fines they imposed.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77078,"alt":"","title":"amos2-1234","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234.png","width":1027,"height":637,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-300x186.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":186,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-768x476.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":476,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-1024x635.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":635,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234.png","1536x1536-width":1027,"1536x1536-height":637,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234.png","2048x2048-width":1027,"2048x2048-height":637,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234.png","post_full_size-width":1027,"post_full_size-height":637,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-677x420.png","home_baner-width":677,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Not Three, But Four","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"1,2,3,4 - what are we being punished for?","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77078,"alt":"","title":"amos2-1234","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234.png","width":1027,"height":637,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-300x186.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":186,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-768x476.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":476,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-1024x635.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":635,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234.png","1536x1536-width":1027,"1536x1536-height":637,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234.png","2048x2048-width":1027,"2048x2048-height":637,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234.png","post_full_size-width":1027,"post_full_size-height":637,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-1234-677x420.png","home_baner-width":677,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","date":"20270826","wall_id":"520"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":7,"id":"77090","color":"#faeed8","size":"1","name":"Giving Wine To A Nazirite ","post_title":"Giving Wine To A Nazirite","slug":"giving-wine-to-a-nazirite","old_id":"77090","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":76938,"post_title":"Miriam Szafranski","slug":"miriam-szafranski","old_id":"76938","first_name":"Miriam ","last_name":"Szafranski ","description":"Miriam Szafranski teaches Tanakh at SAR High School and lives in Riverdale, and has never missed a day of 929 so far (bh) even insisting on completing the Perek when in labor with her son.\r\n","short_description":"Miriam Szafranski teaches Tanakh at SAR High School and lives in Riverdale. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":76939,"alt":"","title":"Miriam Khukhashvili","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili.jpg","width":996,"height":1791,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-167x300.jpg","medium-width":167,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-569x1024.jpg","medium_large-width":569,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-569x1024.jpg","large-width":569,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili.jpg","1536x1536-width":854,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili.jpg","2048x2048-width":996,"2048x2048-height":1791,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-667x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":667,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Miriam-Khukhashvili-234x420.jpg","home_baner-width":234,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"520","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Spiritual service and the world of things\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

    It\u2019s important to learn limitations, especially when engaging with the physical parts of the world. A nazirite is someone who practices limiting himself and does not partake in certain pleasures, such as wine. This seems like a pious, spiritual endeavor, yet the nazirite upon the completion of his oath as a nazirite brings a sin offering. There are many opinions offered as to why, among them is the idea that it is a sin to not partake of the pleasures of the world. The Lubavitcher Rebbe states that the nazirite brings a sin offering not because he didn\u2019t partake in the pleasures of the world, but because he mistook them for simple pleasures at all. Wine in and of itself is pleasurable, but the pleasure it brings should not be pleasure for pleasure\u2019s sake, rather an experience that brings us closer to the Divine. \u201cWhen a person abstains from wine, he is saying that he does not know how to sanctify such activity.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    The nazirite according to the Lubavitcher Rebbe is someone that does not know how to use the world around them for spiritual purposes. He brings a sin offering to attest that he sees physical things as merely physical. He is unable to look past them to see if they can serve a spiritual purpose.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    In this chapter, God chastises the people saying \u201cyou gave your nazirites wine\u201d as if to say \u201cyou gave them an item that they did not know how to use in a spiritual way.\u201d This chapter contains many themes of materialism. Amos says that the people sell their needy for shoes (6), drink wine in their altars, in their confiscated garments (8) and in doing so, indulge in pleasure for pleasure\u2019s sake. The shoes, the garments, the libations, are all materials that can be elevated in spirituality. This idea in Chassidut is called \u201c<\/span>avodah b'gashmiut<\/span><\/em>\u201d, service of God through the physical realm. It involves using the body, using the corporeal world of objects and material, and elevating those things by using them in some way to worship God.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    God created a world with wine. God foresaw a world with clothes, fashion, cars, homes and luxury. There is nothing inherently evil or wrong with any of those things. \u201cThings\u201d in fact, can sometimes be the best tools we have in our religious development.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":77097,"alt":"","title":"amos2-wine","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine.png","width":1280,"height":1201,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-300x281.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":281,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-768x721.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":721,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-1024x961.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":961,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine.png","1536x1536-width":1280,"1536x1536-height":1201,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine.png","2048x2048-width":1280,"2048x2048-height":1201,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-1200x1126.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":1126,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-448x420.png","home_baner-width":448,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Giving Wine To A Nazirite","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Spiritual service and the world of things","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":77097,"alt":"","title":"amos2-wine","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine.png","width":1280,"height":1201,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-300x281.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":281,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-768x721.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":721,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-1024x961.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":961,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine.png","1536x1536-width":1280,"1536x1536-height":1201,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine.png","2048x2048-width":1280,"2048x2048-height":1201,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-1200x1126.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":1126,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/amos2-wine-448x420.png","home_baner-width":448,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","date":"20270826","wall_id":"520"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":8,"id":"77057","color":"#f6edf6","size":"1","name":"More Crimes Against Humanity ","post_title":"More Crimes Against Humanity","slug":"more-crimes-against-humanity","old_id":"77057","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":54356,"post_title":"Robert Alter","slug":"robert-alter","old_id":"54356","first_name":"Robert ","last_name":"Alter","description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, where he has taught since 1967. 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    \r\n2:6 \u201c\u2018Thus said the LORD: For three trespasses of Israel, and for four, I will not turn it back--for their selling the just man for silver and the needy for sandals.\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    When Amos turns to the transgressions of Israel, his concern is injustice and exploitation of the vulnerable. Coming after the catalogue of crimes against humanity perpetrated by the surrounding nations, perversions of justice are in effect also represented as crimes against humanity. \u201cThe just man.\u201d<\/span> tsadiq<\/span><\/em>, may here carry its legal sense--the person who deserved to be declared right, given justice, in a court of law. In that case, selling him for silver would mean taking a bribe so that he is given an unfavorable ruling. Selling the needy for sandals means selling such a person--perhaps into slavery--for something of relatively minor value.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    From: Robert Alter, The Hebrew Bible<\/em>, vol. 2: Prophets, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019, ad loc. By permission of the author.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"From Robert Alter's Bible Translation and Commentary","tile_main_caption":"More Crimes Against Humanity","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"This time - 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      \r\n\t
    1. Listen for the surprise<\/em>. Listen to Amos\u2019 prophecy as if you were his audience. Pay attention to the rhetorical buildup. How we crafts the atmosphere. You can almost join in on the serial introductions of accusation, and the repeated chorus of punishments for the neighboring kingdoms. The attentiveness of the listener is created both through content and form. Because, in general in the defeat of one\u2019s enemies, there is celebration. Then, when the ears are open wide, the prophet turns the tables: you are the ones!<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    2. Now for something almost completely different<\/em>. The prophecy regarding Judah is of the same form as the prophecies about the neighbors. Even the punishment is the same. But the reason for the punishment is different: not political crimes, and not against Israel, but rather: \u201cBecause they have spurned the Teaching of the LORD And have not observed His laws\u201d (verse 4).<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    3. Prophets and nazirites<\/em>. Part of the lovingkindness shown to the Kingdom of Israel, was the possibility for closeness with God that ran in both directions. The prophets were sent by God, while the nazirites chose of their own accord to draw close. But then both directions were ruined: \u201c...You made the nazirites drink wine And ordered the prophets not to prophesy\u201d (verse 12). What a shame.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    4. No place to run to<\/em>. That\u2019s what the verses of punishment describe. \u201cFlight shall fail the swift, The strong shall find no strength, And the warrior shall not save his life\u201d (verse 14). But from what - the enemy? Natural disasters? Maybe that earthquake? All these possibilities and more are to be found in the commentaries, and in the history of the kingdom of Israel.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","post_main_content_image":{"id":53645,"alt":"","title":"general-qs-points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1920,"height":603,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-300x94.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":94,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-768x241.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":241,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1024x322.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":322,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":482,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":603,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1200x377.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":377,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1337x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1337,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Amos 2","tile_main_caption":"Points to Ponder","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Insights and questions for personal reflection and group discussion","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":53645,"alt":"","title":"general-qs-points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1920,"height":603,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-300x94.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":94,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-768x241.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":241,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1024x322.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":322,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":482,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":603,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1200x377.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":377,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/general-qs-points-to-ponder-1337x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1337,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","date":"20270826","wall_id":"520"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":10,"id":"77016","color":"#f7f7f5","size":"1","name":"Sefaria Source Sheets - Amos 2 ","post_title":"Sefaria Source Sheets - Amos 2","slug":"sefaria-source-sheets-amos-2","old_id":"77016","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":42228,"post_title":"Sefaria","slug":"sefaria","old_id":"42228","first_name":"","last_name":"Sefaria","description":"Sefaria is a non-profit organization dedicated to building the future of Jewish learning in an open and participatory way. 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      \u201cEnd-of-Life in Judaism #8: Cremation\u201d<\/a> by Tzvi Sinensky: Why is cremation considered so taboo in Judaism<\/p>\r\n

      \u201cMoses and Lincoln A Jewish and an American Model of the Ways in which a Society can Strive to be Holier\u201d<\/a> by Joel Simon: The changing and unchanging Torah and the ramifications on society\u2019s values\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

      \u201cAristocrats & Ascetics: An Exploration of \u05e0\u05d6\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, Nezirut<\/em>\u201d<\/a> by Oliva Friedman: What are the values which push someone to be a Nazir and are the positive Jewish ones?<\/p>","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Go deeper into the chapter....","tile_main_caption":"Source Sheets - Amos 2","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Links to learning resources","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":42232,"alt":"","title":"sefaria-words-sunburst","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","width":608,"height":395,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-300x195.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":195,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","medium_large-width":608,"medium_large-height":395,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","large-width":608,"large-height":395,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","1536x1536-width":608,"1536x1536-height":395,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","2048x2048-width":608,"2048x2048-height":395,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","post_full_size-width":608,"post_full_size-height":395,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","home_baner-width":608,"home_baner-height":395}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"Sefaria word sunburst visualization","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Amos","chapter":"2","chapter_main_number":"520","date":"20270826","wall_id":"520"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false}],"hide_acf":true,"home_image":false,"home_posts":false,"home_posts_title":"","posts_home":[],"static_cube_title":"","static_cube_brief":"","static_cube_color":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall\/76709"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wall"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}