{"id":71522,"date":"2018-07-09T17:47:04","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T14:47:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wall\/wall-439\/"},"modified":"2023-10-11T13:24:29","modified_gmt":"2023-10-11T10:24:29","slug":"wall-439","status":"publish","type":"wall","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wall\/wall-439\/","title":{"rendered":"chapter-Prophets-Jeremiah-39"},"parent":0,"template":"","acf":{"type":"chapter","wall_id":"439","date":"20270505","book":"Jeremiah","chapter":"39","chapter_main_number":"439","books_group":"Prophets","posts":[{"order":1,"id":"70797","color":"#f8ebe3","size":"1","name":"JPS Audio Bible - Jeremiah Chapter 39 ","post_title":"JPS Audio Bible - Jeremiah Chapter 39","slug":"jps-audio-bible-jeremiah-chapter-39","old_id":"70797","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34686,"post_title":"Soundcloud","slug":"soundcloud","old_id":"34686","first_name":"","last_name":"","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34656,"alt":"","title":"491","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","width":300,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"439","type_929":"4","show_author_image":true,"old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"JPS Audio Bible","tile_main_caption":"Jeremiah Chapter 39","tile_main_caption_size":"2","tile_sub_caption":"Hear the daily chapter","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/user-753876298\/jps_audio_bible_jeremiah_chapter_39","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Jeremiah","chapter":"39","chapter_main_number":"439","date":"20270505","wall_id":"439"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":2,"id":"118299","color":"#f6edf6","size":"1","name":"The Missing Temple ","post_title":"The Missing Temple","slug":"the-missing-temple","old_id":"118299","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":78133,"post_title":"Josh Blechner","slug":"josh-blechner","old_id":"78133","first_name":"Josh ","last_name":"Blechner ","description":"Josh first finished the Tanach during Yeshiva in Mevaseret Zion. He and his daughter studied the Tanach again for her bat mitzvah. Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group. When not studying for 929, Josh works as an in-house lawyer in New Jersey.","short_description":"Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group, and is an in-house attorney in New Jersey. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":78134,"alt":"","title":"josh blechner","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","width":276,"height":351,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-236x300.jpg","medium-width":236,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","medium_large-width":276,"medium_large-height":351,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","large-width":276,"large-height":351,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","1536x1536-width":276,"1536x1536-height":351,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","2048x2048-width":276,"2048x2048-height":351,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","post_full_size-width":276,"post_full_size-height":351,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","home_baner-width":276,"home_baner-height":351}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"439","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"It\u2019s the people, not the building, that matters\u00a0\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Chapter 39 is the sad culmination of Jeremiah\u2019s prophecies, the destruction of Jerusalem. The chapter itself is similar to II Kings 25. However, there is one major difference: the Temple is not mentioned. With all of the warnings and bad omens and sweat and tears expended by Jeremiah until this point, it seems almost bizarre that the description of the Temple does not appear at all.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

One possible answer is that Jeremiah does expound on the destruction of the Temple, not here, but in Lamentations. That is the main locus of Jeremiah\u2019s description of the destruction of the Temple.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Or, perhaps the Temple\u2019s absence here is an indictment of the people\u2019s connection to it. The Temple stood for years, and it had no effect on them. It is almost as if the people do not even notice it is gone.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Another possible answer is that this reveals the whole focus of this chapter, and really the whole book. The destruction of the Temple is tragic and the focal point of Tisha B\u2019av. But for Jeremiah, the real tragedy was the loss of the people and their leaders and a city that was the center of Jewish life. It is also why the chapter ends with the postscript of God\u2019s promise to Ebed-melech the Cushite who was one of the few who listened to Jeremiah and spoke up against the ruling class. It is also why the text discusses Nevuzaradan dividing up the vineyards and lands for the poorest individuals who remain in the city. For years the prophets had railed against the wealthy class for taking advantage of the poor. The people and the leaders had opportunity after opportunity to right this wrong and they did not. God, therefore, had to act through his agent Nebuchadnezzar to fix this problem too.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u00a0Image: Warner Murals, Wilshire Boulevard Temple<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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suffering of the prophet's people and of the prophet himself will be forever embedded in his body\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

\u201c\u05db\u05d4 \u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d4\u05f3\u201d- So God said. This is our normative interpretation of how a prophecy is supposed to work- it is supposed to be a transmission or communication between God and the People of Israel via a chosen intermediary, a prophet. God chooses the prophet, gives him a message, and the prophet transmits the message to the people.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The prophet also has the opportunity to communicate back to God through prayer; he is allowed, or compelled, to defend the People to God and pray on their behalf. In other words, the prophet receives words from God, and is allowed to challenge God back with his words.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In broad terms, Jeremiah resembles other prophets in form and function. He also primarily communicates with God through words, and occasionally through visions.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And yet, <\/span>as we have already seen<\/span><\/a>, Jeremiah is different. Jeremiah\u2019s body bears the pain and scars of his prophetic message. He is what he predicts, and the People of Israel see their future played out in the torment of Jeremiah\u2019s body. In this chapter, we hear again in verse 18 a phrase that makes clear the message is not just theoretical, \u201cFor I will surely deliver you, and you will not fall by the sword, but your life shall be for a spoil; because you trusted in Me, says God.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The message from above is clear: God controls the sword of Israel\u2019s enemy, and can use it to mete out punishment unto the Israelites, including Jeremiah. The best case scenario, according to this verse, is to escape physically intact.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Is this really a demonstration of God\u2019s grace or mercy? Jeremiah may be alive, but his body will always be a testament of the war that was raged over it. The suffering of the prophet's people and of the prophet himself will be forever embedded in his body. His word- his essential tool of prophecy- is not sufficient. Jeremiah\u2019s body frequently becomes the medium upon which prophecy and prophetic metaphor are staged.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Though it is hard to stomach, the narrative that acts upon Jeremiah\u2019s body reminds us that there are people carrying trauma with them all the time, even if we can\u2019t see it on their bodies. When we meet someone, we might encounter scars, physical or emotional. Jeremiah teaches us that even suffering that doesn\u2019t leave a physical mark never truly leaves us, and we would be wise to treat everybody with compassion, as if they are carrying invisible wounds.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Eliah Repin, Cry of the Prophet Jeremiah, 1844 \/ wikipedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":69152,"alt":"","title":"jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","width":481,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin-241x300.jpg","medium-width":241,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","medium_large-width":481,"medium_large-height":600,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","large-width":481,"large-height":600,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","1536x1536-width":481,"1536x1536-height":600,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","2048x2048-width":481,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","post_full_size-width":481,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin-337x420.jpg","home_baner-width":337,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"The Physical Jeremiah","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"The suffering of the prophet's people and of the prophet himself will be forever embedded in his body","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":69152,"alt":"","title":"jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","width":481,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin-241x300.jpg","medium-width":241,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","medium_large-width":481,"medium_large-height":600,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","large-width":481,"large-height":600,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","1536x1536-width":481,"1536x1536-height":600,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","2048x2048-width":481,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin.jpg","post_full_size-width":481,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer4-agony-Jeremiah_by_Repin-337x420.jpg","home_baner-width":337,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Jeremiah","chapter":"39","chapter_main_number":"439","date":"20270505","wall_id":"439"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":4,"id":"71959","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"The Babylonian Dramatis Personae ","post_title":"The Babylonian Dramatis Personae","slug":"the-babylonian-dramatis-personae","old_id":"71959","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":44114,"post_title":"Shalom Holtz","slug":"shalom-holtz","old_id":"44114","first_name":"Shalom ","last_name":"Holtz ","description":"Shalom E. 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If we were directing a re-enactment of this chapter, how many characters would we cast? We could assign \"extras\" to play the multitudes of Judeans and Babylonians. Lead roles would go to Nebuchadrezzar (2) and his \"chief of the guards,\" Nebuzaradan (9\u201313), as well as to King Zedekiah (4\u20137) and to Jeremiah, who appears as the chapter ends (14\u201318). Verse 13 names two other officers, Nebushazban, the Rab-saris, and Nergal-sarezer, the rab-mag, who, along with Nebuzaradan release Jeremiah from prison. Nergal-sarezer, the rab mag, makes an earlier appearance in verse 3. He and Nebuzaradan are also both known from a Babylonian record of officials in Nebuchadnezzar's court. Both are listed with exactly the same titles that they bear in our text.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Another Babylonian text, re-discovered in the British Museum by Michael Jursa in 2007, clarifies the casting requirements of the remainder of verse 3. According to the NJPS translation, three other officers, together with Nergal-sarezer, the rab mag, \"entered, and took up quarters in the middle gate.\" They are: (1) (another) Nergal-sarezer; (2) Samgar-nebo; and (3) Sarsechim the Rab-saris.\u00a0 The re-discovered cuneiform tablet allows us to eliminate Samgar-nebo as a \"ghost\" character (saving us one actor in the drama).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The tablet records receipt of a donation from Nabu-sharussu-ukin, the rab-saris (\u201cchief eunuch\u201d). The title, of course, corresponds directly to the last title in our verse. The elements of the Babylonian name resemble the words \"nebo\" at the end of the second character's name according to NJPS and \"Sarsechim,\" the third character's name. In other words, the \"rab saris,\" is not Sarsechim, as NJPS would have it, but Nebo-sarsechim.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

With the attachment of \"nebo\" to the next name, the word \"Samgar\" requires explanation. Here, too, Babylonian sources provide insight. Hebrew \"Samgar\" corresponds to a known Babylonian title, <\/span>simmagir, <\/span><\/i>which belongs to the first Nergal-sarezer in our verse.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

So, instead of three characters, verse 3 only has two: Nergal-sarezer, who bears the title \u201cSamgar,\u201d and Nebo-sarsechim, who has the title \u201crab-saris.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u00a0Image: The cuneiform tablet confirming the existence of Nebo-Sarsekim, dated to 595 BCE \/ British Museum<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":71962,"alt":"","title":"jer39-nebo sarsekim","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","width":240,"height":171,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","medium-width":240,"medium-height":171,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","medium_large-width":240,"medium_large-height":171,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","large-width":240,"large-height":171,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","1536x1536-width":240,"1536x1536-height":171,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","2048x2048-width":240,"2048x2048-height":171,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","post_full_size-width":240,"post_full_size-height":171,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","home_baner-width":240,"home_baner-height":171}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"The Babylonian Dramatis Personae","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"A mystery solved\u00a0","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":71962,"alt":"","title":"jer39-nebo sarsekim","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","width":240,"height":171,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","medium-width":240,"medium-height":171,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","medium_large-width":240,"medium_large-height":171,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","large-width":240,"large-height":171,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","1536x1536-width":240,"1536x1536-height":171,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","2048x2048-width":240,"2048x2048-height":171,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","post_full_size-width":240,"post_full_size-height":171,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-nebo-sarsekim.jpg","home_baner-width":240,"home_baner-height":171}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Jeremiah","chapter":"39","chapter_main_number":"439","date":"20270505","wall_id":"439"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":5,"id":"71952","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"The Babylonians At The Gates ","post_title":"The Babylonians At The Gates","slug":"the-babylonians-at-the-gates","old_id":"71952","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34243,"post_title":"Moshe Sokolow","slug":"moshe-sokolow","old_id":"34243","first_name":"Moshe","last_name":"Sokolow","description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University, and teaches a weekly class in parashat hashavu`a at Lincoln Square Synagogue. 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The commentaries on this chapter are quite meager, save for some speculation on the geography of Jerusalem. Verse 3 situates the Babylonian officers on the eve of destruction at \u201cthe middle gate.\u201d Rashi noted that this is the realization of one of Jeremiah\u2019s earliest prophecies: \u201cFor I am summoning all the peoples of the kingdoms of the north \u2014declares the LORD. They shall come and shall each set up a throne before the gates of Jerusalem, against its walls roundabout, and against all the towns of Judah\u201d (1:15).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

On the spatial, technical level, however, just which gate was \u201cthe middle\u201d?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rashi\u2019s knowledge of the geography of the urban landscape of Jerusalem was restricted largely to those features that were reported in early rabbinic literature. On that basis, he identified \u201cthe middle gate\u201d with the Nicanor Gate, \u201cwhich was situated between the gate to the women\u2019s area and the gate to the Temple grounds (<\/span>heikhal<\/span><\/i>).\u201d Radak was acquainted with the rabbinic identification, yet he noted that, according to the simple meaning of the words, it was either a gate that was situated in between two other gates, or that the wall in which it was situated was in between two other walls.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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He taught at the Hebrew Union College (Jerusalem), The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Schechter Institute for Judaic Studies in Jerusalem, and at the Ben-Gurion University in Beer Sheba, Israel. During 1993 he was Visiting Associate Professor at Yale University, and during 1996 he was the Stroum Professor of Jewish Studies and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Washington in Seattle. During 2005, Bregman served as the Harry Starr Fellow in Judaica at Harvard University and was awarded a Teaching Fellowship at the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. He also has served as Forchheimer Visiting Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is the author of The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions (Gorgias Press, 2003). In 2006, Bregman was appointed the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, where he also headed the program in Jewish Studies, until 2013. Bregman retired from UNCG as of July 31, 2017. He has now returned to Jerusalem where he is continuing his research and teaching activities.","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Marc Bregman is the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies emeritus, at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33878,"alt":"Marc Bregman","title":"Marc Bregman","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","width":361,"height":488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-222x300.jpg","medium-width":222,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","medium_large-width":361,"medium_large-height":488,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","large-width":361,"large-height":488,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","1536x1536-width":361,"1536x1536-height":488,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","2048x2048-width":361,"2048x2048-height":488,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","post_full_size-width":361,"post_full_size-height":488,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-311x420.jpg","home_baner-width":311,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"439","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Aristocratic protector of Jeremiah\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Our Chapter (Jeremiah 39) and the following three chapters (Jeremiah 40-43) continue the story of Gedaliah already mentioned at the end of the Books of Kings: \u201cThus, Judah was exiled from its land. King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon put Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan in charge of the people whom he left in the land of Judah. When the officers of the troops and their men heard that the king of Babylon had put Gedaliah in charge, they came to Gedaliah at Mizpah...Gedaliah reassured them and their men, saying: Do not be afraid of the servants of the Chaldeans. Stay in the land and serve the king of Babylon, and it will go well with you. In the seventh month, Ishmael son of Nethaniah son of Elishama, who was of royal descent, came with ten men, and they struck down Gedaliah and he died; [they also killed] the Judeans and the Chaldeans who were present with him at Mizpah\u201d (II Kings 25:21-25).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

It may be that Gedaliah is also mentioned as one of those who begged King Jehoiakim not to burn the first scroll that Jeremiah had dictated to Baruch, according to the version of Jeremiah 43:25 preserved in the 2<\/span>nd<\/span> century BCE Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, the Septuagint.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Our Chapter adds an important detail to the Biblical record of Gedaliah. When the Babylonians \u201chad Jeremiah brought from the prison compound, they committed him to the care of Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan, that he might be left at liberty in a house. So, he dwelt among the people\u201d (Jeremiah 39:14).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Gedaliah was from a distinguished Jerusalemite family. His grandfather, Shaphan the Scribe, was a key figure in the discovery of the Book of the Law (possibly the Book of Deuteronomy) found in the Temple in the days of King Josiah (see II Kings Chapter 22). A generation later, in the time of King Jehoiakim, Gedaliah\u2019s father: \u201cAhikam son of Shaphan, protected Jeremiah, so that he was not handed over to the people for execution\u201d (Jeremiah 26:24).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Extra-biblical substantiation of the important position held by Gedaliah is preserved in three clay seal impressions. One of these bullae was discovered in 1935 in the excavations at Tell ed-Deweir (Biblical Lachish). This archaeological find, dated to roughly 600 BCE., bears the inscription, \u201cGedalyahu, who is over the house \u2013 asher al ha-bayit\u201d. In the Hebrew Bible this title refers to a chief position within the king\u2019s court. It seems that this seal was originally attached to a document sent by Gedaliah from Jerusalem to the fortress of Lachish. Two other such seals, held in private collections and unfortunately of unknown provenance, bear the inscription: \u201cGedalyahu Servant of the King \u2013 eved ha-melekh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The story of Gedaliah \u2013 to be continued in chapter 41....<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Courtesy of bible.ca\/bulla<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":71965,"alt":"","title":"jer39-gedaliah","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah.jpg","width":1088,"height":956,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-300x264.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":264,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-768x675.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":675,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-1024x900.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":900,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah.jpg","1536x1536-width":1088,"1536x1536-height":956,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah.jpg","2048x2048-width":1088,"2048x2048-height":956,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah.jpg","post_full_size-width":1088,"post_full_size-height":956,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-478x420.jpg","home_baner-width":478,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Gedaliah Son Of Ahikam","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Aristocratic protector of Jeremiah","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":71965,"alt":"","title":"jer39-gedaliah","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah.jpg","width":1088,"height":956,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-300x264.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":264,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-768x675.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":675,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-1024x900.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":900,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah.jpg","1536x1536-width":1088,"1536x1536-height":956,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah.jpg","2048x2048-width":1088,"2048x2048-height":956,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah.jpg","post_full_size-width":1088,"post_full_size-height":956,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/jer39-gedaliah-478x420.jpg","home_baner-width":478,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Jeremiah","chapter":"39","chapter_main_number":"439","date":"20270505","wall_id":"439"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":8,"id":"71899","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Zedekiah\u2019s Escape - And Capture ","post_title":"Zedekiah\u2019s Escape - And Capture","slug":"zedekiahs-escape-and-capture","old_id":"71899","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":38552,"post_title":"Benny Lau","slug":"benny-lau","old_id":"38552","first_name":"Benny","last_name":"Lau ","description":"Rav Benny Lau is the founder and co-head of the Israeli initiative 929 along with Gal Gabbai. In addition, he is the rabbi of the Ramban synagogue in Jerusalem and is a community leader, activist, author, and public speaker.","short_description":"Rav Benny Lau is the founder and co-head of the Israeli initiative 929 along with Gal Gabbai.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":1708,"alt":"","title":"","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","medium-width":150,"medium-height":150,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","medium_large-width":150,"medium_large-height":150,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","large-width":150,"large-height":150,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","1536x1536-width":150,"1536x1536-height":150,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","2048x2048-width":150,"2048x2048-height":150,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","post_full_size-width":150,"post_full_size-height":150,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/8-1.jpg","home_baner-width":150,"home_baner-height":150}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"439","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Things do not end well\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

The chapter begins with Jeremiah describing Zedekiah's escape route (a similar description can be found in II Kings 25). The description opens with a calm meeting of Babylonian officials within the breached gate of Jerusalem. The war is over. The hunger and exhaustion of the Jerusalemites have done their work; the King of Babylonia has not had to sacrifice a single soldier for the capture of Jerusalem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Book of Lamentations describes the starvation and death that bloodied the city streets. Jeremiah records how the king escapes from his palace together with a group of soldiers, \"via the king's garden, through the gate between the double walls.\" The escape route must have been planned; the king must have known he had no other hope of survival. A rabbinic tradition mentions a tunnel through which Zedekiah attempted to escape:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

He commenced his flight through a tunnel that led to Jericho through an aqueduct. He was exhausted, so his children went first. Nebuzaradan saw him, seized him and his ten sons, and sent them to Nebuchadnezzar (<\/span>Pesikta Rabbati<\/span><\/i> 26) .<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Some have attempted to identify the tunnel based on Jeremiah's description of its location \"between the double walls.\" Hezekiah's water tunnel too was dug out \"between the double walls\" (Is. 22:11). It ran from the Gihon Spring, just outside the city wall, to the Pool of Siloam (Shiloah), inside the wall \u2014 about half a kilometer in length. This tunnel was designed to secure the city's water supply during Sennacherib's siege, but it could just as easily have offered a way out of the city. Zedekiah keeps an eye on this route, and once the Babylonians occupy the city he takes his remaining troops, slips under the wall that the Babylonians had broken through, and turns toward the plains of Moab to seek refuge in Ammon. But they were pursued and ultimately captured.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Lau, Binyamin. <\/span>Jeremiah: The Fate of a Prophet<\/span><\/i>. Maggid Books, 2013. \u201cKing Zekediah\u2019s Flight and Capture\u201d<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":69252,"alt":"","title":"jer-lau2","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","width":884,"height":635,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2-300x215.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":215,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2-768x552.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":552,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","large-width":884,"large-height":635,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","1536x1536-width":884,"1536x1536-height":635,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","2048x2048-width":884,"2048x2048-height":635,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","post_full_size-width":884,"post_full_size-height":635,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2-585x420.jpg","home_baner-width":585,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Zedekiah\u2019s Escape - And Capture","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Things do not end well","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":69252,"alt":"","title":"jer-lau2","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","width":884,"height":635,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2-300x215.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":215,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2-768x552.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":552,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","large-width":884,"large-height":635,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","1536x1536-width":884,"1536x1536-height":635,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","2048x2048-width":884,"2048x2048-height":635,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2.jpg","post_full_size-width":884,"post_full_size-height":635,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/jer-lau2-585x420.jpg","home_baner-width":585,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Jeremiah","chapter":"39","chapter_main_number":"439","date":"20270505","wall_id":"439"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":9,"id":"71897","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Zero Tolerance For Vassal Rebellions ","post_title":"Zero Tolerance For Vassal Rebellions","slug":"zero-tolerance-for-vassal-rebellions","old_id":"71897","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":54356,"post_title":"Robert Alter","slug":"robert-alter","old_id":"54356","first_name":"Robert ","last_name":"Alter","description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, where he has taught since 1967. He has written over twenty books, focusing on such topics as the European novel from the 18th century to the present, contemporary American fiction, and modern Hebrew literature. He has also written extensively on the literary aspects of the Bible. His most recent work is his monumental three volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019 - from which the selections in 929 are taken. ","short_description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, and author of the three-volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":54357,"alt":"","title":"robert alter","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","width":184,"height":275,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium-width":184,"medium-height":275,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium_large-width":184,"medium_large-height":275,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","large-width":184,"large-height":275,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","1536x1536-width":184,"1536x1536-height":275,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","2048x2048-width":184,"2048x2048-height":275,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","post_full_size-width":184,"post_full_size-height":275,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","home_baner-width":184,"home_baner-height":275}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"439","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Nebuchadrezzar\u2019s cruelty means that Zedekiah\u2019s blindness is no longer metaphorical\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

39:7 \u201cAnd the eyes of Zedekiah he blinded, and he bound him in bronze fetters to bring him to Babylonia.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This was, sad to say, a common treatment of prisoners of war in the ancient Near East. But Nebuchadrezzar has added to it a sadistic gesture: first he slaughters Zedekiah\u2019s sons \u201cbefore his eyes,\u201d and with this last horrific sight lingering in the mind of the Judahite king, he has him blinded. Nebuchadrezzar wants to make clear to all that he does not tolerate the rebellion of vassal kings.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

From: Robert Alter, The Hebrew Bible, vol. 2: Prophets, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019, ad loc. By permission of the author.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"From Robert Alter's Bible Translation and Commentary","tile_main_caption":"Zero Tolerance For Vassal Rebellions","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Nebuchadrezzar\u2019s cruelty means that Zedekiah\u2019s blindness is no longer metaphorical","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Jeremiah","chapter":"39","chapter_main_number":"439","date":"20270505","wall_id":"439"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":10,"id":"70892","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"A Lesson on the Daily Chapter- Jeremiah 39 ","post_title":"A Lesson on the Daily Chapter- Jeremiah 39","slug":"a-lesson-on-the-daily-chapter-jeremiah-39","old_id":"70892","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":40936,"post_title":"David Silber","slug":"david-silber-2","old_id":"40936","first_name":"David ","last_name":"Silber ","description":"Rabbi David Silber is the Founder and Dean of Drisha Institute for Jewish Education. 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\u201cLand of the Prophets\u201d<\/a> by Ezra Schwartz: Compare and contrast Biblical prophets with each other.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u201cJerusalem Anthology - Jeremiah\u201d<\/a> by Michael Feuer: Explore texts related to Jerusalem and relevant toe Jeremiah.<\/p>\r\n

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    \r\n\t
  1. What about the Temple<\/em>? Verse 8 speaks about the homes of the people, and the king\u2019s palace, and about the walls of the city which were breached. But what about the House of God? Nothing is mentioned in this chapter. Perhaps because the Temple was only destroyed later? Or because the desire here was to focus more specifically on Jeremiah? Or maybe some other reason...<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  2. Zedekiah\u2019s end<\/em>. In this chapter we are informed of Zedekiah\u2019s bitter end - that, blinded and in chains, he is brought to Baylonia. And what then? The Tanach does not tell of Zedekiah\u2019s death - we only know that all his sons were put to death. Anyone expecting that the Davidic dynasty will rise again must from now on look to a different branch of the family, the sons of Jehoiachin, who is living in Babylonia.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  3. Staying behind<\/em>. \u201cBut some of the poorest people who owned nothing were left in the land of Judah by Nebuzaradan, the chief of the guards, and he gave them vineyards and fields\u2026.\u201d (verse 10). According to the Babylonian plan, they are the ones who will stay, work the land, and pay taxes to the king of Babylonia.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","post_main_content_image":{"id":86314,"alt":"","title":"Points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1000,"height":1000,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-768x768.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":768,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","large-width":1000,"large-height":1000,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1000,"1536x1536-height":1000,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1000,"2048x2048-height":1000,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","post_full_size-width":1000,"post_full_size-height":1000,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-420x420.jpg","home_baner-width":420,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Jeremiah 39","tile_main_caption":"Points to Ponder","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Insights and questions for personal reflection and group discussion","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":86314,"alt":"","title":"Points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1000,"height":1000,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-768x768.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":768,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","large-width":1000,"large-height":1000,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1000,"1536x1536-height":1000,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1000,"2048x2048-height":1000,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","post_full_size-width":1000,"post_full_size-height":1000,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-420x420.jpg","home_baner-width":420,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Jeremiah","chapter":"39","chapter_main_number":"439","date":"20270505","wall_id":"439"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false}],"hide_acf":true,"home_image":false,"home_posts":false,"home_posts_title":"","posts_home":[],"static_cube_title":"","static_cube_brief":"","static_cube_color":"","link_teaser":"","listen_link":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall\/71522"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wall"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}