{"id":67756,"date":"2018-07-09T17:45:44","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T14:45:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wall\/wall-388\/"},"modified":"2023-08-01T09:05:01","modified_gmt":"2023-08-01T06:05:01","slug":"wall-388","status":"publish","type":"wall","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wall\/wall-388\/","title":{"rendered":"chapter-Prophets-Isaiah-54"},"parent":0,"template":"","acf":{"type":"chapter","wall_id":"388","date":"20270223","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","books_group":"Prophets","posts":[{"order":1,"id":"67973","color":"#f8ebe3","size":"1","name":"JPS Audio Bible - Isaiah Chapter 54 ","post_title":"JPS Audio Bible - Isaiah Chapter 54","slug":"jps-audio-bible-isaiah-chapter-54","old_id":"67973","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34686,"post_title":"Soundcloud","slug":"soundcloud","old_id":"34686","first_name":"","last_name":"","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34656,"alt":"","title":"491","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","width":300,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"4","show_author_image":true,"old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"JPS Audio Bible","tile_main_caption":"Isaiah Chapter 54","tile_main_caption_size":"2","tile_sub_caption":"Hear the daily chapter","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/user-753876298\/jps_audio_bible_isaiah_chapter_54","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":2,"id":"116882","color":"#f6edf6","size":"1","name":"Promises Of Better Times Ahead ","post_title":"Promises Of Better Times Ahead","slug":"promises-of-better-times-ahead","old_id":"116882","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":78133,"post_title":"Josh Blechner","slug":"josh-blechner","old_id":"78133","first_name":"Josh ","last_name":"Blechner ","description":"Josh first finished the Tanach during Yeshiva in Mevaseret Zion. He and his daughter studied the Tanach again for her bat mitzvah. Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group. When not studying for 929, Josh works as an in-house lawyer in New Jersey.","short_description":"Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group, and is an in-house attorney in New Jersey. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":78134,"alt":"","title":"josh blechner","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","width":276,"height":351,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-236x300.jpg","medium-width":236,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","medium_large-width":276,"medium_large-height":351,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","large-width":276,"large-height":351,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","1536x1536-width":276,"1536x1536-height":351,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","2048x2048-width":276,"2048x2048-height":351,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","post_full_size-width":276,"post_full_size-height":351,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","home_baner-width":276,"home_baner-height":351}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"So what do Noah and Abraham have to do with it?\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Chapter 54 continues God\u2019s promise to the people that their exile is only temporary. God\u2019s bond with the people is everlasting, and their punishment is only temporary. God turns back the clock to show his promise.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

For this to Me is like the waters of Noah: As I swore that the waters of Noah Nevermore would flood the earth, So I swear that I will not Be angry with you or rebuke you\u201d (verse 9).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The flood is an everlasting image. The flood destroyed the surrounding lands and God promised never to bring the flood again, and the people know that God kept his promise. There has been no apocalyptic flood since that time.\u00a0 This is the first time that Noah is mentioned in Tanach outside of Genesis. (Ezekiel will reference him later on). Not surprisingly, this part of the chapter is also the haftarah for <\/span>parshat <\/span><\/i>Noah. It is an interesting choice for the prophet to reach that far back for his message, especially for a character that has not appeared in Tanach since Genesis. Perhaps God references the flood story because the story itself appears in other Middle Eastern myths. The people in exile may have been reintroduced to the story while living in these foreign lands.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

There is another more subtle reference to the book of Genesis in chapter 54.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Enlarge the site of your tent, Extend the size of your dwelling, Do not stint! Lengthen the ropes, and drive the pegs firm. For you shall spread out to the right and the left; Your offspring shall dispossess nations And shall people the desolate towns\u201d (verse 2-3).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

These verses may also reference Abraham. The idea of a tent that is spread over the land evokes Abraham and Sarah\u2019s tent. The matriarch and patriarch also appeared earlier in chapters 29, 41 and 51. The increase of the people spread \u201cto the left and to the right\u201d evokes the story of Abraham and Lot:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Is not the whole land before you? Let us separate: if you go north (lit. \u201cleft\u201d), I will go south (\u201cright\u201d); and if you go south (\u201cright\u201d), I will go north (\u201cleft\u201d).\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Lot and Abraham had too many possessions and their shepherds were quarreling. In order to make peace, Abraham said they needed to separate. One went left and the other went right. Lot went to Sodom, and Abraham stayed. God\u2019s promise here is that the children of Abraham will be blessed to such an extent that their tent will encompass the left and right and spread out over the entire land.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

image: Abraham and Noah, stained glass window, All Saints' Church, Pavement, York cc-by-sa\/2.0 - \u00a9 J.Hannan-Briggs - geograph.org.uk\/p\/4352809 (detail)<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":102015,"alt":"","title":"-620a6abd51400--620a6abd51401gen8-abraham noah 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Of Better Times Ahead","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"So what do Noah and Abraham have to do with it?","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":102015,"alt":"","title":"-620a6abd51400--620a6abd51401gen8-abraham noah 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O Childless One! ","post_title":"Sing, O Childless One!","slug":"sing-o-childless-one","old_id":"116878","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33877,"post_title":"Marc Bregman","slug":"marc-bregman","old_id":"33877","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bregman","description":"Marc Bregman received his Ph.D. from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1991. He taught at the Hebrew Union College (Jerusalem), The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Schechter Institute for Judaic Studies in Jerusalem, and at the Ben-Gurion University in Beer Sheba, Israel. During 1993 he was Visiting Associate Professor at Yale University, and during 1996 he was the Stroum Professor of Jewish Studies and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Washington in Seattle. During 2005, Bregman served as the Harry Starr Fellow in Judaica at Harvard University and was awarded a Teaching Fellowship at the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. He also has served as Forchheimer Visiting Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is the author of The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions (Gorgias Press, 2003). In 2006, Bregman was appointed the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, where he also headed the program in Jewish Studies, until 2013. Bregman retired from UNCG as of July 31, 2017. He has now returned to Jerusalem where he is continuing his research and teaching activities.","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Marc Bregman is the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies emeritus, at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33878,"alt":"Marc Bregman","title":"Marc Bregman","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","width":361,"height":488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-222x300.jpg","medium-width":222,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","medium_large-width":361,"medium_large-height":488,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","large-width":361,"large-height":488,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","1536x1536-width":361,"1536x1536-height":488,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","2048x2048-width":361,"2048x2048-height":488,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","post_full_size-width":361,"post_full_size-height":488,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-311x420.jpg","home_baner-width":311,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"With ten different Hebrew words for happiness\u2026\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

Our<\/span> chapter<\/span><\/a> is read as the sixth of the<\/span> seven haftarot of consolation<\/span><\/a> [<\/span>shiva de-nechemta<\/span><\/a><\/em>], from Tisha Be-Av until Rosh HaShanah.<\/span> Pesikta deRav Kahana<\/span><\/a>, which preserves \u201cliterary homilies\u201d on the Torah and Haftarah readings for the holidays and special sabbaths, includes\u00a0 a<\/span> composite homily<\/span><\/a> [i.e. composed of proems, exegetical \u201cbody\u201d of the homily and messianic peroration] on this haftarah beginning with the words<\/span> roni akarah<\/span><\/a> <\/em>(\u201csing, O childless one\u201d). Here we find a collection of midrashic interpretations on the opening verses of Isaiah Chapter 54.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The homily begins with a<\/span> proem<\/span><\/a> [<\/span>petihta<\/span><\/a> <\/em>in Aramaic],<\/span> opening <\/span><\/a>with: \u201cHe [God] sets the childless woman among her household as a happy mother of children. Hallelujah\u201d (<\/span>Psalms 113:9<\/span><\/a>). On this verse the midrash comments that there were seven such childless women: Sarah, Rebekkah, Rachel, Leah, the<\/span> wife of Manoah<\/span><\/a>, Hannah and Zion (personified as a childless woman). In the conclusion of the proem, its opening verse, \u201cHe [God] sets the childless woman among her household as a happy mother of children\u201d is applied to Zion (i.e. Jerusalem):\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Sing, O childless one, you who bore no child! Shout aloud for joy, you who did not travail! For the children of the wife forlorn, shall outnumber those of the espoused, said the Lord\u201d (<\/span>Isaiah 54:1<\/span><\/a>).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This is the first verse of the haftarah, which will now be interpreted in the continuation of the homily.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In the \u201cbody\u201d of the composite homily<\/span><\/a>, the midrash elaborates on the words \u201cBreak forth in song and rejoice, the continuation of<\/span> Isaiah 54:1<\/span><\/a>. Here it is noted that there are ten different Hebrew terms for \u201chappiness\u201d: <\/span>gilah<\/span><\/em> (\u201cjoy\u201d), <\/span>sisah<\/em> <\/span>(\u201cjubilation\u201d), <\/span>sim\u1e25ah<\/em> <\/span>(\u201chappiness\u201d)<\/span>, <\/span><\/i>rinah<\/em> <\/span>(\u201cjoyful singing\u201d)<\/span>,<\/span><\/i> pitzhah<\/em> <\/span>(\"bursting forth in song\u201d), <\/span>tzahalah<\/em> <\/span>(\u201drejoicing\u201d),\u00a0 <\/span>alatzah<\/em> <\/span>(\u201cexaltation\u201d), <\/span>elzah<\/em> <\/span>(\u201cgaiety\u201d), <\/span>hedvah<\/em> <\/span>(\u201cgladness\u201d), <\/span>teruah<\/em> <\/span>(\u201cshouting for joy\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Finally, the<\/span> messianic peroration <\/span><\/a>develops as an extended rabbinic discussion. Rabbi Eleazar says that in the messianic future, the Holy One, blessed be He, will command Jerusalem: \u201cEnlarge the place of your tent. Stretch your side curtains wide\u201d (<\/span>Isaiah 54:2<\/span><\/a>). Rabbi Yohanan adds that in the messianic future Jerusalem will extend to reach the gates of Damascus. Indeed, the future Jerusalem will spread out and rise and the exiles will come and take their rest beneath her\u2026Rabbi Berekhiah exclaimed that Jerusalem will extend to the very shores of Oceanus [the Great Sea that encircles the whole known landmass]. The midrash interjects that this refers only to Jerusalem\u2019s horizontal extent. But, from where do we learn Jerusalem\u2019s vertical extent? From Ezekiel\u2019s vision of the future Jerusalem Temple, which he describes as \u201cextended around up and up\u201d (<\/span>41:7<\/span><\/a>). Rabbi Yosi said in the name of Rabbi Levi, but still you do not know the full extent of Jerusalem\u2019s praiseworthiness. This was prophesied by Zechariah: \u201cAnd I Myself, declares the Lord, will be a wall of fire all around it; and I will be a glory inside it\u201d (<\/span>2:9<\/span><\/a>).<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":50400,"alt":"","title":"dt12-joy","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy.jpg","width":1920,"height":1279,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-1024x682.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":682,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1023,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1279,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-1200x799.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":799,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-630x420.jpg","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Sing, O Childless One!","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"With ten different Hebrew words for happiness\u2026","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":50400,"alt":"","title":"dt12-joy","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy.jpg","width":1920,"height":1279,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-300x200.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-768x512.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-1024x682.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":682,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1023,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy.jpg","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1279,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-1200x799.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":799,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dt12-joy-630x420.jpg","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"500","name":"Messiah","old_id":"900"},{"term_id":"696","name":"Celebration","old_id":"1096"},{"term_id":"743","name":"Joy","old_id":"1143"}]},{"order":4,"id":"68195","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"2","name":"All Your Children ","post_title":"All Your Children","slug":"all-your-children","old_id":"68195","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":46656,"post_title":"Molly Morris","slug":"molly-morris","old_id":"46656","first_name":"Molly ","last_name":"Morris ","description":"Molly Morris holds a Masters degree in Leadership and Community Engagement. Her particular area of interest is biblical leadership. Molly participates in the 929 initiative with a dedicated group from the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto congregation. \r\n\r\n","short_description":"Molly Morris holds a Masters degree in Leadership and Community Engagement. Molly participates in the 929 initiative with a dedicated group from the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto congregation. \r\n\r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":92561,"alt":"","title":"molly morris","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","width":2192,"height":2488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-264x300.jpg","medium-width":264,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-768x872.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":872,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-902x1024.jpg","large-width":902,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","1536x1536-width":1353,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","2048x2048-width":1804,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-1057x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1057,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-370x420.jpg","home_baner-width":370,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Listening to different voices is essential to reach the truth and achieve peace","post_main_content_content":"

\u201cAll of Your children (<\/span>banayich<\/span><\/em>) are students of God; great is the peace of Your children\u201d (Isaiah 54:13).\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In Gemara Berachot (64a) <\/span>Rabbi Elazar says in the name of Rabbi Haninah that this phrase refers to Torah scholars increasing peace in the world. <\/span>Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak Kook questioned this position, suggesting that it seemed counterintuitive considering the prevalence of disagreement among Torah scholars. How can such differences of opinion generate peace? He answers that it is precisely these differences that lead to truth, which in turn results in complete peace, noting that the word \u201c<\/span>shalom<\/span><\/em>\u201d<\/span><\/i> means both peace and completeness.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rav Kook\u2019s insight goes further. It is not just that divergent viewpoints <\/span>can<\/span><\/em> result in complete understanding, he says, but that<\/span> those differing voices are a <\/span>necessity<\/span><\/em> to complete understanding, because in each opinion, even when they are contradictory, is a kernel of truth. When fitted together in the right way, they complete a full picture.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rabbi Haninah, there, emphasized that we should read the word <\/span>banayich<\/span><\/em>, \u201cchildren,\u201d as <\/span>bonayich<\/span><\/em>, \u201cbuilders.\u201d Rav Kook further elucidated that just <\/span>as \u201ca building is erected from all sides, using a variety of materials and skills\u201d, so too, \u201cthe whole truth is constructed from diverse views, opinions, and methods of analysis.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This is not to say that every single opinion warrants a voice. Some voices should, in fact, be silenced. Those that speak hatred with intent to perpetuate divisiveness or speak for purposes of self-aggrandizement do not contribute to <\/span>shalom<\/em> <\/span>\u2013 either complete truth or peace. Verse 54:13 includes the words, \u201cyour children (who) <\/span>are students of God<\/span><\/em>.\u201d Rather than aiming to be non-inclusive this conditional wording puts parameters around the kinds of voices that contribute to <\/span>shalom<\/span><\/em>. In a traditional context, for example, the disagreements of Hillel and Shamai, two Torah scholars authentically seeking knowledge, resulted in deeper understanding of Torah, while the cynical challenges posed by Korach (Numbers 16), were voiced in opposition to Moses only to further Korach\u2019s own agenda, and did not contribute to shalom.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This idea of a framework for divergent voices might serve to help us be more cognizant of the intent of the multitude of voices we hear and foster more open-minded listening to those who sincerely seek understanding. Their questions and assumptions, even when uncomfortable for us to hear, may include grains of truth that need to be integrated, through honest conversation, to arrive at shalom.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":68197,"alt":"","title":"is54-children","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children.png","width":1920,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-300x200.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-768x512.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-1024x683.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":683,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children.png","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children.png","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-1200x800.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":800,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-630x420.png","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"All Your Children","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Listening to different voices is essential to reach the truth and achieve peace","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":68197,"alt":"","title":"is54-children","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children.png","width":1920,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-300x200.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-768x512.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":512,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-1024x683.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":683,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children.png","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children.png","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-1200x800.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":800,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-children-630x420.png","home_baner-width":630,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"425","name":"Pluralism","old_id":"825"},{"term_id":"441","name":"Shalom","old_id":"841"}]},{"order":5,"id":"68188","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Beruriah And Women\u2019s Voices ","post_title":"Beruriah And Women\u2019s Voices","slug":"beruriah-and-womens-voices","old_id":"68188","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":41525,"post_title":"Sivan Rotholz","slug":"sivan-rotholz","old_id":"41525","first_name":"Sivan ","last_name":"Rotholz","description":"Sivan Rotholz is a joint rabbinical and MARE student at Hebrew Union College, where she is a Wexner Graduate Fellow and a New Israel Fund Elissa Froman Fellow. She taught feminist Torah study and creative writing at Brooklyn College, Tel Aviv University, and Temple Israel of the City of New York. She holds a Master of Fine Arts from Brooklyn College and a Juris Doctorate from Golden Gate University School of Law and is the Managing Editor of the Saturday Poetry Series on As It Ought To Be. ","short_description":"Sivan Rotholz is a joint rabbinical and MARE student at Hebrew Union College, where she is a Wexner Graduate Fellow and a New Israel Fund Elissa Froman Fellow. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":41526,"alt":"","title":"sivan rotholz","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz.jpg","width":320,"height":312,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz-300x293.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":293,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz.jpg","medium_large-width":320,"medium_large-height":312,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz.jpg","large-width":320,"large-height":312,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz.jpg","1536x1536-width":320,"1536x1536-height":312,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz.jpg","2048x2048-width":320,"2048x2048-height":312,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz.jpg","post_full_size-width":320,"post_full_size-height":312,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sivan-rotholz.jpg","home_baner-width":320,"home_baner-height":312}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"The task that we inherit from our teachers is to make a world in which a Beruriah could thrive","post_main_content_content":"

For the final entry in this<\/span> series on feminine imagery in the Book of Isaiah<\/span><\/a>, I want to participate in a revolutionary chain of transmission. Throughout this series I have considered the patriarchal misogyny of the Book of Isaiah and how it was cultivated by the Rabbis. But just as biblical women deserve a voice, so, too, do the Rabbis\u2019 female contemporaries.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In the Talmud, in tractate Berakhot, a heretic approaches the great Talmudic scholar Beruriah. He quotes to her from Isaiah 54:1, saying, \u201cSing, barren woman who has not given birth,\u201d then mocking her with the challenge, \u201cA woman who has not given birth should sing and rejoice?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Beruriah responds by calling the man a fool. \u201cGo to the end of the verse,\u201d she tells him, evincing an encyclopedic knowledge of Torah, \u201c[where God tells us that] \u2018the children of the forsaken shall be more numerous than the children of the favored wife.\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Beruriah bests the heretic, suggesting that Isaiah 54:1 teaches that the People Israel should sing because they \u201cdid not give birth to children [destined] for [eternal damnation] like you.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In this scene, the heretic is \u201cstopped in his tracks by a woman learned enough to direct him to read to the end of the verse\u2026 Not only does Beruriah resist the [heretic\u2019s] temptation to argue that the text does not represent women's experience, she vehemently rejects all kinship with him\u2026 [T]he Beruriah of this story views herself as a representative of the normative tradition. It is not she but the [heretic] who is marginal: the implication of her taunt is that he is not a member of the community of Israel at all\u201d (<\/span>Rachel Adler<\/span><\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Despite being \u201cother\u201d because of her gender, Beruriah is known as a great Talmudic scholar in her own right, and she repeatedly bests her male interlocutors.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

As Rachel Adler -- next in the revolutionary chain of transmission that is feminist Torah -- reminds us, <\/span><\/p>\r\n

To imagine and transmit a legend about a female scholar through a thousand years of patriarchal culture is nothing if not a transcendence of context. But such insights are precious and fragile. They can survive only if we build a new world to sustain them. The task that we inherit from our teachers is to make a world in which a Beruriah could thrive.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

As we enter a new year, a new decade, a new age, although we still suffer from <\/span>an Isaian patriarchal misogyny cultivated by the Rabbis<\/span>, we must not forget the women who have risen up in the face of their oppression. I, for one, am dedicated to joining their ranks and making this a world in which Beruriah could thrive.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Fresco from Pompeii: a Roman woman with a tabula and stilus (ca. 50 AD) \/ wikimedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":68190,"alt":"","title":"is54-beruriah","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","width":640,"height":633,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah-300x297.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":297,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","medium_large-width":640,"medium_large-height":633,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","large-width":640,"large-height":633,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","1536x1536-width":640,"1536x1536-height":633,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","2048x2048-width":640,"2048x2048-height":633,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","post_full_size-width":640,"post_full_size-height":633,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah-425x420.jpg","home_baner-width":425,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Beruriah And Women\u2019s Voices","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"The task that we inherit from our teachers is to make a world in which a Beruriah could thrive","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":68190,"alt":"","title":"is54-beruriah","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","width":640,"height":633,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah-300x297.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":297,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","medium_large-width":640,"medium_large-height":633,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","large-width":640,"large-height":633,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","1536x1536-width":640,"1536x1536-height":633,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","2048x2048-width":640,"2048x2048-height":633,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah.jpg","post_full_size-width":640,"post_full_size-height":633,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-beruriah-425x420.jpg","home_baner-width":425,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"410","name":"Torah","old_id":"810"},{"term_id":"483","name":"Feminism","old_id":"883"},{"term_id":"600","name":"Women","old_id":"1000"}]},{"order":6,"id":"68211","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"No Shame, No Disgrace ","post_title":"No Shame, No Disgrace","slug":"no-shame-no-disgrace","old_id":"68211","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34243,"post_title":"Moshe Sokolow","slug":"moshe-sokolow","old_id":"34243","first_name":"Moshe","last_name":"Sokolow","description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University, and teaches a weekly class in parashat hashavu`a at Lincoln Square Synagogue. He is the author of TANAKH: An Owner\u2019s Manual (Jerusalem: Urim\/Ktav, 2015).\r\n\r\n","short_description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34244,"alt":"","title":"sokolow","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","width":302,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow-300x298.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":298,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","medium_large-width":302,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","large-width":302,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","1536x1536-width":302,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","2048x2048-width":302,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","post_full_size-width":302,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","home_baner-width":302,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"An end to calumny, and a return to self-respect","post_main_content_content":"

In this chapter, Isaiah likened the Jewish people in their exile to a childless woman whose barrenness has been reversed. As we read in v.1: \u201cFor the children of the wife forlorn shall outnumber those of the espoused.\u201d Continuing with the imagery of such women, he added: <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Fear not, you shall not be shamed; Do not cringe, you shall not be disgraced. For you shall forget the reproach of your youth, and remember no more the shame of your widowhood (4). <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Drawing a distinction between shame and disgrace and addressing the poetic structure of the verse, Malbim* commented:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Shame is self-inflicted while disgrace is imposed by others. The sections of this verse are parallel: \u201cFear not, you shall not be shamed\u2026 For you shall forget the reproach of your youth\u201d and \u201cDo not cringe, you shall not be disgraced\u2026 and remember no more the shame of your widowhood.\u201d The \u201cwoman\u201d intended by the lyrical verse is the community of Israel. In her youth, while she still had a husband and dwelt in her land in the company of the Lord, her \u201cspouse,\u201d experienced shame due to her evil deeds because she was unfaithful to her spouse and worshipped other deities. However, she was not disgraced by others because all the other nations [also] were idolatrous.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Therefore, the prophet promised this barren woman whose children and husband would return to her in the future, that she should have no fear of being ashamed of her poor actions, \u201cFor you shall forget the reproach of your youth\u201d because God will forgive and forget them. Afterwards, while she was widowed on account of her husband abandoning her, she will no longer feel shame because she will no longer worship idols, but she was disgraced by others on account of her widowhood, alienation, and isolation. Therefore, God promised her that her exile would no longer be the cause for other nations to disgrace her and that she would no longer have reason to hide her head in shame of her exile and \u201cremember no more the shame of your widowhood.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In his comments to the previous chapter, Malbim portrayed the negative aspects of the exilic experience and the calumnies it unleashed against the Jewish people as anti-Semitic oppression rather than a problem inherent to the Jews themselves. Here, he continued this theme, implying that once the Jewish people were restored to their land, they would realize that those libels were affixed to them by the gentiles and that they were now free\u2014and able\u2014to return to the status quo ante.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

*For the significance of Malbim\u2019s commentary to the Book of Isaiah,<\/span> see our introduction to chapter 1.<\/span><\/a><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":68212,"alt":"","title":"is54-shame","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame.png","width":702,"height":1280,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame-165x300.png","medium-width":165,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame-562x1024.png","medium_large-width":562,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame-562x1024.png","large-width":562,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame.png","1536x1536-width":702,"1536x1536-height":1280,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame.png","2048x2048-width":702,"2048x2048-height":1280,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame-658x1200.png","post_full_size-width":658,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/is54-shame-230x420.png","home_baner-width":230,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"No 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high caliber lapidary lexicon","post_main_content_content":"

In Isaiah 54, the prophet consoles the nation by telling them that not only will God restore the desolate Jerusalem, but it will be even more glorious than before. Instead of stones, the city will be built with gems:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cUnhappy, storm-tossed one, uncomforted!<\/span>
\r\n<\/span>I will lay carbuncles as your building stones<\/span>
\r\n<\/span>And make your foundations of sapphires.<\/span>
\r\n<\/span>I will make your battlements of rubies,<\/span>
\r\n<\/span>Your gates of precious stones,<\/span>
\r\n<\/span>The whole encircling wall of gems.\u201d (54:11-12)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Hebrew words for these precious stones are not common, and the commentators \u2013 both ancient and modern \u2013 have various suggestions for their identities. I, however, would like to focus on how two words in verse 12 have entered modern language.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The first word to discuss is \u201cbattlements.\u201d The Hebrew is <\/span>shimshotayich<\/span><\/em>. The translation \u201cbattlements\u201d follows one suggestion by Rashi. However, another opinion that Rashi brings says that the word means \u201ca solid, translucent piece, placed in the window, that lets the sun in\". This is the meaning of <\/span>shimsha<\/span><\/em> in modern Hebrew \u2013 \u201cwindowpane.\u201d However,<\/span> Prof. Jonas C. Greenfield<\/span><\/a> offers a different explanation. Based on a comparison with the Arabic cognate <\/span>simsim<\/span><\/em>, meaning \u201cgate.\u201d And therefore, it is a parallel to the common Hebrew word for gate, <\/span>shaar<\/span><\/em>, found in the second section of that verse.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Arabic <\/span>simsim<\/span><\/em> is the source of the phrase \u201copen sesame.\u201d It was used to open a cave in Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves. While there are several theories as to why that phrase was chosen as the charm, the understanding that <\/span>simsim<\/span><\/em> means gate, means that it simply meant, \u201cOpen O Gate\u201d. In Arabic, <\/span>simsim<\/span><\/em> also means \u201csesame\u201d (Hebrew has the related <\/span>sumsum<\/span><\/em>), so that is likely how the phrase became transcribed as \u201copen sesame\u201d in English.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The second word I\u2019d like to look at is in the Hebrew phrase translated as \u201cprecious stones\u201d \u2013 <\/span>avnei ekdach<\/span><\/em>. In modern Hebrew, <\/span>ekdach<\/span><\/em> means \u201cpistol, revolver.\u201d How did a gem become a gun?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rashi says that <\/span>ekdach\u00a0<\/span><\/em>is \u201ccarbuncle\u201d, which is a word meaning \u201cred, precious stone\u201d, and is related to the English word \u201ccarbon\u201d, which originally meant \u201ca glowing coal.\u201d So according to this translation the stone is associated with fire. This fits the word <\/span>ekdach<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>which contains the root <\/span>K-D-CH<\/span><\/em>, <\/span><\/i>meaning \u201cto kindle\u201d and also \u201cto drill\u201d (making fire by rubbing is similar to the process of drilling.)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Based on all of this, the father of Modern Hebrew, Eliezer Ben Yehuda, decided to use the \u201cavailable\u201d word <\/span>ekdach<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00a0for revolver, because it shoots (fires) using firepower.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Isaiah prophesied a time where commonplace things (like stones) would be replaced with fantastic innovations (gems). I think the same thing could be said about these two words\u2026<\/span><\/p>\r\n

illustration: by Ben Schachter<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":68193,"alt":"","title":"Is54-DCurwin- ekdach","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach.jpg","width":2346,"height":1129,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-300x144.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":144,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-768x370.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":370,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-1024x493.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":493,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":739,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach.jpg","2048x2048-width":2048,"2048x2048-height":986,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-1200x577.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":577,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-873x420.jpg","home_baner-width":873,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Fantastic Innovations","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"A high caliber lapidary lexicon","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":68193,"alt":"","title":"Is54-DCurwin- ekdach","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach.jpg","width":2346,"height":1129,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-300x144.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":144,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-768x370.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":370,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-1024x493.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":493,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":739,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach.jpg","2048x2048-width":2048,"2048x2048-height":986,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-1200x577.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":577,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Is54-DCurwin-ekdach-873x420.jpg","home_baner-width":873,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"301","name":"Ben Schachter","old_id":"701"},{"term_id":"361","name":"Hebrew language","old_id":"761"}]},{"order":8,"id":"68214","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"2","name":"Radical Divine Lovingkindness ","post_title":"Radical Divine Lovingkindness","slug":"radical-divine-lovingkindness","old_id":"68214","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33992,"post_title":"Bradley Shavit Artson","slug":"rabbi-dr-bradley-shavit-artson","old_id":"33992","first_name":"Bradley Shavit ","last_name":"Artson","description":"Rabbi Dr Bradley Shavit Artson holds the Abner and Roslyn Goldstine Dean's Chair of the Ziegler School of Rabbinic Studies and is Vice President of American Jewish University in Los Angeles, and is professor of philosophy there. Artson is married to Elana Shavit Artson, and they are the parents of twins, Shira and Jacob.\r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"short_description":"Rabbi Dr Bradley Shavit Artson is the Dean of the Ziegler School of Rabbinic Studies and is Vice President of American Jewish University in Los Angeles.","link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33993,"alt":"","title":"Rabbi Dr Bradley Shavit Artson","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-e1532029361140.png","width":204,"height":199,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-e1532029361140-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-256x300.png","medium-width":256,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-e1532029361140.png","medium_large-width":204,"medium_large-height":199,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-e1532029361140.png","large-width":204,"large-height":199,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-e1532029361140.png","1536x1536-width":204,"1536x1536-height":199,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-e1532029361140.png","2048x2048-width":204,"2048x2048-height":199,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-e1532029361140.png","post_full_size-width":204,"post_full_size-height":199,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Rabbi-Dr-Bradley-Shavit-Artson-e1532029361140.png","home_baner-width":204,"home_baner-height":199}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"

One of the great advances launched by the Hebrew Bible and its daughter religions, is the conviction that God\u2019s love is not merely for the prominent, the powerful, or the patricians. Breaking with all prior religions, the Bible affirms that God\u2019s love is centered on the poor, the marginalized, the lonely. A God whose greatness is measured not by wealth, not by pomp, not by social status, but by the resilience of God\u2019s lovingkindness that extends to us all.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Isaiah affirms that revolutionary sentiment in powerful words: <\/span><\/p>\r\n

For the mountains may be moved and the hills may falter, but My lovingkindness shall not be removed from you and My covenant of peace shall not falter, said the One who shows you mercy, the Lord.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Compared to God\u2019s persistent love, even the timeless mountains look unsteady and impermanent. God is, by definition, the one who shows you mercy, the one whose lovingkindness does not have to be earned and can never be taken away.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Two great religious advances are embodied in these inspiring verses:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    \r\n\t
  1. Religion is no longer demanding human servants to do the grunt work necessary for the nobles and the wealthy to monopolize eternal rewards. Instead, radically, the religion of Israel creates a covenant between God and the entire people \u2013 everyone is included, and the point of religion is no longer to meet divine needs, but rather, to channel divine mercy and love to meet human needs.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
  2. Greatness is no longer measured by coercive power or violence, but by the triumphant capacity of resilient love. God sides with the slaves against Pharaoh and his brutality. God unites the fugitive Hebrews with the marginal Canaanites to create a new federation of freedom-loving Israelites who are united under the ideal that one law pertains to everyone, citizen and resident alien alike.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

    The ancient rabbis correctly noted that the only reasonable response to that divine reality is for us to strive to imitate it, both individually and as a society: \u201cCleave to acts of lovingkindness (Yalkut Shimoni 2:477).\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    God is great in mercy. God is good in lovingkindness. We burnish the image of the Divine only when we make those virtues primary and we live them day by day.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Radical Divine Lovingkindness","tile_main_caption":"We burnish the image of the Divine only when we make mercy and lovingkindness primary, and live them day by day","tile_main_caption_size":"2","tile_sub_caption":"","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"381","name":"love","old_id":"781"},{"term_id":"384","name":"God","old_id":"784"},{"term_id":"461","name":"Kindness","old_id":"861"},{"term_id":"581","name":"Mercy","old_id":"981"}]},{"order":9,"id":"116903","color":"#f6edf6","size":"1","name":"The Tanakh Podcast-Isaiah54","post_title":"The Tanakh Podcast-Isaiah54","slug":"the-tanakh-podcast-isaiah54","old_id":"116903","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33692,"post_title":"Alex Israel","slug":"33692-2","old_id":"33692","first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Israel","description":"Alex Israel teaches Tanakh at the Pardes Institute, Yeshivat Eretz Hatzvi and Matan, Jerusalem. His first book \"I Kings - Torn in Two\" was published in 2013. See his website www.alexisrael.org, and his podcasts at https:\/\/elmad.pardes.org\/ and https:\/\/tanachstudy.com\/ \r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Alex Israel teaches Tanakh at the Pardes Institute, Yeshivat Eretz Hatzvi and Matan, Jerusalem.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33693,"alt":"","title":"alex israel","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","width":1657,"height":2500,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-199x300.jpg","medium-width":199,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-679x1024.jpg","medium_large-width":679,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-679x1024.jpg","large-width":679,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","1536x1536-width":1018,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","2048x2048-width":1357,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-795x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":795,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-278x420.jpg","home_baner-width":278,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"4","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"The Tanakh Podcast","tile_main_caption":"Isaiah 54: Shouting For Joy!","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"This chapter promises a bright future for the Jewish People, with the central metaphors of the infertile women who bears children, the forsaken wife who renews her marriage, and the slave released from captivity and suffering.","tile_preview_embedded":"\r\n","tile_preview_image":{"id":108885,"alt":"","title":"-635baf915f04f--635baf915f050tanakh podcast - 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    \"According to the students of the Vilna Gaon, there is a <\/span>614th <\/strong>commandment from Isaiah 54:2: 'Widen the place of your tents, and let the curtains of your inhabitants stretch forth. Do not spare! Lengthen your cords and strengthen your stakes!'\" This was the creative way in which our\u00a0 tour guide of Jerusalem described the philosophy and actions of Rav Hillel of Shklov and his descendants. One of them, Rabbi Yoseph Yitzchak Rivlin (1838-1897), built thirteen neighborhoods outside the walls of Jerusalem's old city, magnificently fulfilling the Vilna Gaon's \"614<\/span>th<\/span> mitzva\" to take an active part in rebuilding the land of Israel,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    In 1857, Rav Yoseph started the \"Builder of Jerusalem\" company for the purpose of building neighborhoods outside of the Old City.\u00a0 At that time, all the Jews of Jerusalem lived inside the walls of the Old City, for being outside the walls meant exposure to attacks from Arab marauders and wild animals. In fact, when Rav Yoseph informed Sara Tzipa Goldschmidt, his bride-to-be, that he intended to live outside the walls of the Old City, her family wanted to break off the match since this idea demonstrated to them that Rav Yoseph was insane!\u00a0 However, Sara Tzipa agreed to the match and became partner to her husband's dream to expand Jerusalem. The well-known Jerusalem neighborhoods of today, like Nahalat Shiva and Mea Shearim, are the fruits of their dedication to this vision.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    The deeper meaning of the verse \"Widen the place of your tents\" (Isaiah 54:2) can be understood by comparing it to the rest of the chapter. The majority of the chapter describes God's promises to his people: \"For a small moment I have forsaken you and with great mercy will I gather you\" (54:7), \"For mountains shall depart and the hills be removed, but my kindness not depart from you\" (54:10), \"I will set your stones with fair colors and lay your foundations with sapphires\" (54:11)\u2026. In contrast, verse 2 is written as a commandment for the people to take action. The chapter then takes on a new meaning: Once the people put in the efforts to build up the land of Israel, God will fulfill his promises to do so as well. This is the crux of the Vilna Gaon's teachings and Rav Yoseph Rivlin deep understanding of Isaiah 54.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    One may add that this chapter begins with another imperative that needs to precede those actions: <\/span><\/p>\r\n

    Sing, you barren women who has not borne, burst out into song and cry out you who have not experienced birth pangs, for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, says the LORD (54:1). <\/span><\/p>\r\n

    This verse informs the people to believe in their future in their land, even at times when it doesn't seem possible. The Jewish People have fulfilled this verse in many ways, including the annual singing of \"Next year in Jerusalem!\"\u00a0 This singing kept alive the dream of the Jewish People and was the catalyst for individuals like Rav Yoseph Yitzchak and Sara Tzipa Rivlin to fulfil the next stage of Isaiah 54's prophecy by rebuilding the cities of Israel.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    Image: Rivlin Street, Nachalat Shiva, 2005 \/ wikipedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":68217,"alt":"","title":"is54-rivlin 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Destroyer Who Won\u2019t Be Able To Destroy ","post_title":"The Destroyer Who Won\u2019t Be Able To Destroy","slug":"the-destroyer-who-wont-be-able-to-destroy","old_id":"68174","type":"event","iframe":"","writer":{"id":54356,"post_title":"Robert Alter","slug":"robert-alter","old_id":"54356","first_name":"Robert ","last_name":"Alter","description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, where he has taught since 1967. He has written over twenty books, focusing on such topics as the European novel from the 18th century to the present, contemporary American fiction, and modern Hebrew literature. He has also written extensively on the literary aspects of the Bible. His most recent work is his monumental three volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019 - from which the selections in 929 are taken. ","short_description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, and author of the three-volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":54357,"alt":"","title":"robert alter","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","width":184,"height":275,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium-width":184,"medium-height":275,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium_large-width":184,"medium_large-height":275,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","large-width":184,"large-height":275,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","1536x1536-width":184,"1536x1536-height":275,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","2048x2048-width":184,"2048x2048-height":275,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","post_full_size-width":184,"post_full_size-height":275,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","home_baner-width":184,"home_baner-height":275}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Protecting the redeemed city of supernal splendor\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

    54:16 \u201cWhy, it is I Who created the smith, who fans the charcoal fire and makes the weapons for his deeds--but it is I Who created the Destroyer to wreak havoc.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    The \u201cDestroyer\u201d would be the mythological agent who stalks through the land of Egypt in the terrible tenth plague, killing the firstborn. The intended relation of this verset to the preceding one is oppositional: man--himself created by God--forges his weapons in the workshop of the metalsmith, but God has the power to create a Destroyer who has an incomparably more devastating instrument of destruction. The image of God defending Israel with insuperable force complements the image of the jewel-studded Zion that precedes it: God promises to rebuild Jerusalem as a city of supernal splendor, and He then guarantees that no enemy will be able to assail the city.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

    From: Robert Alter, The Hebrew Bible<\/em>, vol. 2: Prophets, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019, ad loc. By permission of the author.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"From Robert Alter's Bible Translation and Commentary","tile_main_caption":"The Destroyer Who Won\u2019t Be Able To Destroy","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Protecting the redeemed city of supernal splendor","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":13,"id":"68008","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Sefaria Source Sheets - Isaiah 54 ","post_title":"Sefaria Source Sheets - Isaiah 54","slug":"sefaria-source-sheets-isaiah-54","old_id":"68008","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":42228,"post_title":"Sefaria","slug":"sefaria","old_id":"42228","first_name":"","last_name":"Sefaria","description":"Sefaria is a non-profit organization dedicated to building the future of Jewish learning in an open and participatory way. 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    \u201c(Relatively?) Righteous\u201d<\/a> by Noah E. Abramowitz: Explore sources about Noah.<\/p>\r\n

    \u201cBiblical and Other Sources of the \u2018New Colossus\u2019 by Emma Lazarus\u201d<\/a> by Michael Howald: What are the Biblical texts alluded to in this famous American poem?<\/p>","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Go deeper into the chapter....","tile_main_caption":"Source Sheets - Isaiah 54","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Links to learning resources","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":42232,"alt":"","title":"sefaria-words-sunburst","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","width":608,"height":395,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-300x195.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":195,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","medium_large-width":608,"medium_large-height":395,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","large-width":608,"large-height":395,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","1536x1536-width":608,"1536x1536-height":395,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","2048x2048-width":608,"2048x2048-height":395,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","post_full_size-width":608,"post_full_size-height":395,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","home_baner-width":608,"home_baner-height":395}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"Sefaria word sunburst visualization","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":14,"id":"68172","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Points to Ponder - Isaiah 54 ","post_title":"Points to Ponder - Isaiah 54","slug":"points-to-ponder-isaiah-54","old_id":"68172","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":38102,"post_title":"929-English","slug":"929-english","old_id":"38102","first_name":"","last_name":"929-English","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":38333,"alt":"","title":"\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","width":1513,"height":860,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-300x171.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":171,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-768x437.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":437,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-1024x582.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":582,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","1536x1536-width":1513,"1536x1536-height":860,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","2048x2048-width":1513,"2048x2048-height":860,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-1200x682.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":682,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-739x420.png","home_baner-width":739,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"388","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"

      \r\n\t
    1. God\u2019s hidden face<\/em>. What is <\/span>hester panim<\/span><\/em>, the hiding of the (God\u2019s) face? It is a moment of disconnection, an angry cold shoulder: \u201cIn slight anger, for a moment, I hid My face from you\u201d (verse 8). This is also, by the way, how the servant of God looked to those who observed him: \u201cA man of suffering, familiar with disease. As one who hid his face from us\u201d (53:3).<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    2. A matter of time<\/em>. When one has the perspective of eternity, the current crisis seems temporary and even negligible, a mere moment. \u201cFor a little while I forsook you, But with vast love I will bring you back\u2026 with kindness everlasting I will take you back in love \u2014said the LORD your Redeemer\u201d (verses 7-8). So the solution lies in gaining the right perspective, or in other words - think like a giraffe. Because \u201cA giraffe has a long neck\u2026 From the height of a giraffe, we all seem small, and our biggest problems, are just little dots for a giraffe\u201d (Israeli author and songwriter, Yonatan Geffen).<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    3. The waters of Noah<\/em>. A long time ago there was a flood. Then there was a covenant and a promise of \u201cnever again.\u201d This is an eternal covenant. This is the stability and eternity that is promised in the renewed covenant between God and the people. And more: \u201cFor this [the renewed covenant] to Me is like the waters of Noah: As I swore that the waters of Noah Nevermore would flood the earth, So I swear that I will not Be angry with you or rebuke you. For the mountains may move And the hills be shaken, But my loyalty shall never move from you, Nor My covenant of friendship be shaken \u2014said the LORD, who takes you back in love.\u201d (verses 9-10).<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    4. Divine design<\/em>. The redeemed Jerusalem, will undergo a serious urban renewal job. Details in verses 11-12 - note the variety of gemstones.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","post_main_content_image":{"id":86314,"alt":"","title":"Points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1000,"height":1000,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-768x768.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":768,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","large-width":1000,"large-height":1000,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1000,"1536x1536-height":1000,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1000,"2048x2048-height":1000,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","post_full_size-width":1000,"post_full_size-height":1000,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-420x420.jpg","home_baner-width":420,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Isaiah 54","tile_main_caption":"Points to Ponder","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Insights and questions for personal reflection and group discussion","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":86314,"alt":"","title":"Points to ponder","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","width":1000,"height":1000,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-300x300.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-768x768.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":768,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","large-width":1000,"large-height":1000,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","1536x1536-width":1000,"1536x1536-height":1000,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","2048x2048-width":1000,"2048x2048-height":1000,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder.jpg","post_full_size-width":1000,"post_full_size-height":1000,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Points-to-ponder-420x420.jpg","home_baner-width":420,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Isaiah","chapter":"54","chapter_main_number":"388","date":"20270223","wall_id":"388"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false}],"hide_acf":true,"home_image":false,"home_posts":false,"home_posts_title":"","posts_home":[],"static_cube_title":"","static_cube_brief":"","static_cube_color":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall\/67756"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wall"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wall"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}