There is of course material on all the relevant chapters from the end of Genesis, the beginning of our sojourn in Egypt, and the first 15 chapters of Exodus, the Exodus, the crossing of the sea, and the beginning of the desert experience.<\/p>\r\n
We have gathered a greatest hits of materials relating specifically to Pesach here.<\/a><\/p>\r\n Here's a reader with materials for the Torah and haftarah readings<\/a> for the holiday<\/p>\r\n And would you like to do the whole story in verse? Don't miss award-winning author Ilana Kurshan's sonnets of the Exodus...<\/a><\/p>\r\n And there is of course the Plagues Project<\/a> - don't miss it!<\/p>\r\n Chag sameach - have a happy and liberating holiday!<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":104005,"alt":"","title":"-6257ba394e96a--6257ba394e96b929 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","post_title":"The Plagues Project!","slug":"the-plagues-project","old_id":"113953","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":38102,"post_title":"929-English","slug":"929-english","old_id":"38102","first_name":"","last_name":"929-English","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":38333,"alt":"","title":"\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","width":1513,"height":860,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-300x171.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":171,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-768x437.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":437,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-1024x582.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":582,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","1536x1536-width":1513,"1536x1536-height":860,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5.png","2048x2048-width":1513,"2048x2048-height":860,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-1200x682.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":682,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d5-739x420.png","home_baner-width":739,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"303","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"A timely topic","post_main_content_content":" In the Plagues Project<\/a> you will find more than 30 videos, each offering a unique perspective on Judaism and plagues.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n Plague is, certainly, a timely topic to all of us these days, both regarding the corona virus that is still with us, and of course, in their centrality during their Passover Seders. We hope that The Plagues Project can help expand our community's thinking on this important topic by showcasing the variety of ways that Jews have thought about Plagues - both the Biblical Plagues and plagues throughout history - for the last 3,000 years.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n We believe that a plurality of voices can be brought together to explore the vast canon of Jewish literature. Tradition tells us that the Torah has \u201cseventy faces,\u201d and we look forward to exploring them with you. Bringing together these varied perspectives was made possible by a collaboration between BINA: The Jewish Movement for Social Change<\/a>, Judaism Unbound<\/a>, 929 English<\/a>, The Oshman Family JCC in Palo Alto<\/a>, and jewishLIVE<\/a>. This project is being launched in partnership with the Hillel\u00a0Office Of Innovation (OOI)<\/a>, which is publishing a series of essays reflecting on living during the period of the Coronavirus, titled Torah in a Time of Plague <\/em>(Ben Yehuda Press, March 2021).<\/p>\r\n See here for the entire project:\u00a0https:\/\/www.judaismunbound.com\/plagues<\/a><\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","post_main_content_image":{"id":113954,"alt":"","title":"-642bba5ded2e9--642bba5ded2eaPlagues+Banner+2.jpg","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg.jpg","width":1200,"height":375,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg-300x94.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":94,"medium_large":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg-768x240.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":240,"large":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg-1024x320.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":320,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":375,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":375,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg-1200x375.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":375,"home_baner":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2023\/04\/642bba5ded2e9-642bba5ded2eaPlaguesBanner2.jpg.jpg","home_baner-width":1200,"home_baner-height":375}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"A 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He and his daughter studied the Tanach again for her bat mitzvah. Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group. When not studying for 929, Josh works as an in-house lawyer in New Jersey.","short_description":"Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group, and is an in-house attorney in New Jersey. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":78134,"alt":"","title":"josh blechner","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","width":276,"height":351,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-236x300.jpg","medium-width":236,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","medium_large-width":276,"medium_large-height":351,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","large-width":276,"large-height":351,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","1536x1536-width":276,"1536x1536-height":351,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","2048x2048-width":276,"2048x2048-height":351,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","post_full_size-width":276,"post_full_size-height":351,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","home_baner-width":276,"home_baner-height":351}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"305","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Of faith, forefathers and fidelity\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":" Chapter 18 details the famous confrontation between Elijah and the prophets of Baal. Elijah utilizes anger, humor, bombast, and a miracle to convince the people that the worshipers of Baal are mere charlatans. The centerpiece of the event is the fire reigning down from heaven to consume the dampened slaughtered cow and altar. Elijah constructs a multi-layered reference in this display.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n Then Elijah took twelve stones, corresponding to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, to whom the word of the LORD had come: \u2018Israel shall be your name\u2019 (verse 33).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n The text spells out the literal metaphor of taking the twelve stones. Elijah is trying to convey to the people that when the nation is united as twelve tribes together, they form the children of Israel and the basis for the worship of God. Now the kingdom is fractured, like the twelve pieces of Abijah\u2019s robe from a few chapters ago.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n But there is another reference here. When Jacob was fleeing from Esau in Genesis 28, he rested for the night and took a stone for a pillow and had his famous ladder dream. The midrash explains that there were many stones that merged into one to form his pillow. This dream also happened at the location of the future Temple. During that dream God promised Jacob,<\/span><\/p>\r\n \u2018Remember, I am with you: I will protect you wherever you go and will bring you back to this land. I will not leave you until I have done what I have promised you.\u2019 Jacob woke up and exclaimed \u2018Surely God is present in this place, and I did not know it!\u2019 (Gen. 28:15-16).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n What does Jacob mean when he says he did not realize God was in that place? God is everywhere! Jacob\u2019s reaction must be to God\u2019s promise of protection and return. Jacob was on the run for his life from his brother. He was all alone. Perhaps in this dark moment his faith wavered. God\u2019s message in the dream is that even in the lonely, scary moments, God is there.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n Elijah is trying to show the people that even though they have gone astray; even though they are wandering around running from their own demons in a land that may as well be foreign, God is there to protect them. God is everywhere. Does the message resonate? The answer lies in another connection between the two stories.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n After Jacob sees the vision and finds God, he tells God that if he goes to his uncle Laban\u00a0 \u201cand I return safe to my father\u2019s house\u2014 the LORD shall be my God\u201d (Genesis 28:21). 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Only one, though, can be said to have worked","post_main_content_content":" The story of Elijah\u2019s epic showdown with the prophets of Baal on Mount Carmel, is recounted through dualities, as Rabbi Elchanan Samet shows in his brilliant book on the Elijah narratives.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Elijah challenges the people to cease straddling two positions and choose once and for all \u2013 are they with God or Ba\u2019al. He brings two bulls as sacrifices, the prophets of Ba\u2019al twice call on their idol for help and twice their pleas are rejected.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Samet points out that when Elijah comes to pray to God, he also offers two prayers, that have linguistic parallels but are very different in their content.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n In the first, he says: \u201cOh Lord, God of Abraham, Isaac and Israel! Let it be known today that You are God in Israel and I am your servant\u201d (v.36). Elijah appeals here to the covenantal history of God and Israel and his own special status as God\u2019s prophet.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n In the next verse however, Elijah says: \u201cAnswer me, O Lord, answer me, that this people may know that you are God\u201d (v. 37). Here there is no reference to God\u2019s particular history with Israel \u2013 or with Elijah. The claim at stake here is God\u2019s universal rule.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Samet shows that these prayers parallel two purposes to the trial that Elijah has built into its setup. The first is a sort of clinical test. To resolve the confusion that has arisen over whether Ba\u2019al or God is the true God, Elijah proposes an experiment: whichever God responds to his followers prayers by sending down fire on the altar is the true God. The question is framed empirically, susceptible to a definite, evidenced-based answer, that will be acceptable to all.<\/span><\/p>\r\n However, interwoven with this quasi-scientific procedure are very particularist themes of restoring the loyalty of the people to God, and the fractured unity of Israel. Elijah rebuilds the altar that had been smashed by the prophets of Ba\u2019al, does so \u201cin God\u2019s name,\u201d and gathers together twelve stones symbolising the warring tribes of Israel. Behind the veneer of even-handedness, there is a passionate national-religious purpose.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Elijah\u2019s tragedy is that while the first purpose, the empirical demonstration of God\u2019s existence and power succeeds magnificently, the hoped for healing of the people and return of Israel to God are fleeting, and soon dissipate. By the next chapter, King Ahab, who had appeared impressed by the test results, is pursuing Elijah to kill him once again.<\/span><\/p>\r\n The Talmud identifies the profound duality at work here, interpreting Elijah\u2019s doubled appeal, \u201cAnswer me God, answer me\u201d (v.37) thus: \u201canswer me \u2013 so that fire will come down from heaven, and answer me that their minds won\u2019t say that it is witchcraft\u201d (Berachot 9a.).<\/span><\/p>\r\n Here, Elijah is painfully aware that incontrovertible \u201cocular proof\u201d through a miracle is not enough; the perversity of human minds may still interpret the miracle away. Reforming the people's hearts to be whole with God again is a harder task than momentarily demonstrating His reality.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Image: Elijah and Baal\u2019s Priests, Lucas Cranach the Younger, 1545, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Dresden.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":62760,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","width":616,"height":323,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas-300x157.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":157,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","medium_large-width":616,"medium_large-height":323,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","large-width":616,"large-height":323,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","1536x1536-width":616,"1536x1536-height":323,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","2048x2048-width":616,"2048x2048-height":323,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","post_full_size-width":616,"post_full_size-height":323,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","home_baner-width":616,"home_baner-height":323}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Answer Me, O God, Answer Me","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Elijah has a dual task, and a dual goal. Only one, though, can be said to have worked","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":62760,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","width":616,"height":323,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas-300x157.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":157,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","medium_large-width":616,"medium_large-height":323,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","large-width":616,"large-height":323,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","1536x1536-width":616,"1536x1536-height":323,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","2048x2048-width":616,"2048x2048-height":323,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","post_full_size-width":616,"post_full_size-height":323,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-carmel-Lucas.png","home_baner-width":616,"home_baner-height":323}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Kings","chapter":"18","chapter_main_number":"305","date":"20261029","wall_id":"305"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"375","name":"Faith","old_id":"775"},{"term_id":"437","name":"Prayer","old_id":"837"},{"term_id":"858","name":"Elijah","old_id":"1258"},{"term_id":"895","name":"Loyalty","old_id":"1295"}]},{"order":8,"id":"62748","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Elijah vs. Prophets of Ba\u2019al On The Carmel ","post_title":"Elijah vs. Prophets Of Ba\u2019al On The Carmel","slug":"elijah-vs-prophets-of-baal-on-the-carmel","old_id":"62748","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":42746,"post_title":"Michal Kohane","slug":"michal-kohane","old_id":"42746","first_name":"Michal ","last_name":"Kohane ","description":"Currently based in Israel, Rabbanit Michal Kohane is a graduate of Yeshivat Maharat, a writer, community leader and teacher of Talmud & Torah. She holds degrees in Israel studies , education and psychology, and has been a leader and educator in Northern California for over 25 years. Her first novel, Hachug (\"Extracurricular\") was published in Israel in 2016 and her weekly blog can be found at http:\/\/www.miko284.com\r\n\r\n\r\n","short_description":"Currently based in Israel, Rabbanit Michal Kohane is a graduate of Yeshivat Maharat, a writer, community leader and teacher of Talmud & Torah. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":42747,"alt":"","title":"michal kohane","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529.jpg","width":214,"height":226,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529.jpg","medium-width":214,"medium-height":226,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529.jpg","medium_large-width":214,"medium_large-height":226,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529.jpg","large-width":214,"large-height":226,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529.jpg","1536x1536-width":214,"1536x1536-height":226,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529.jpg","2048x2048-width":214,"2048x2048-height":226,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529.jpg","post_full_size-width":214,"post_full_size-height":226,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/michal-kohane-e1540448078529.jpg","home_baner-width":214,"home_baner-height":226}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"305","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"With a surprising cameo appearance...","post_main_content_content":" I learned to walk on Mount Carmel, and right around where Elijah\u2019s statue is standing, waving his sword up high, is a favorite area.\u00a0 Elijah has always been associated with the mountain, so much so that one of its names is Jabal Mar Elyas, Mount Saint Elias, or Elijah. The place where the famous act is said to have taken place, is known today as <\/span>El-Muhraqa or Keren Carmel and sits off the winding road between the town of Yoqne\u2019am and the Druze village Dalyat El-Carmel at the very top of the mountain with a glorious view all around which is a must-see for tourists. El-Muhraqa means \u201cthe Sacrifice\u201d, and although there are no archeological findings to substantiate the story, in 1868, a monastery was built here to commemorate Elijah\u2019s miracle, described in Kings I, chapter 18.<\/span><\/p>\r\n After three years without rain, Elijah invites 450 prophets of Baal, the Canaanite god of fertility and rain, to a challenge: whose god will be able to light a sacrifice by fire (18:19)? The Baal worshipers \u201ctook the bull that was given them; they prepared it, and invoked Baal by name from morning until noon, shouting, \u201cO Baal, answer us!\u201d But there was no sound, and none who responded\u2026\u201d (18:26). This went on with dancing around the altar, until by noon, Elijah mocked them saying, \u201cShout louder! After all, he is a god. But he may be in conversation, he may be detained, or he may be on a journey, or perhaps he is asleep and will wake up\u201d (18:27).<\/span><\/p>\r\n What happens next is what\u2019s so surprising: the Baal worshipers actually \u201cshout louder, and (even) gash themselves with knives and spears\u2026 (18:28). And the question is, why did they yell? Did they actually think that their god is asleep and they can wake him up? Rather, explains the midrash, they left someone under the altar to light the fire, and this person, indeed, feel asleep, or perhaps was bitten by a snake and died, \u201cfailing\u201d their plan. Who was that person?? Chi\u2019el Beit Ha\u2019eli, whom we met at the end of yesterday\u2019s chapter, when Ahab and Elijah went to visit him at his children\u2019s <\/span>shiv\u2019a<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Was Chi\u2019el one of Baal\u2019s followers? Not necessarily, but he was the greatest opposition to Elijah. Namely, it is more important to him to prove Joshua and later Elijah wrong than to save his children or his own life. This is a sort of scary fanaticism that is hard to bear. And yet, he is a fitting adversary to Elijah. Elijah too is a zealot. His view on the world is black and white: he is absolutely right and terribly wrong; he cannot find his place in the world. The Torah has a very cautious attitude towards zealots. They are like a strong spice: a tiny bit might be ok, but not too much. This is one reason to invite Elijah back to every Pesach seder and every bris so he can gain compassion and respect.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Image: The statue of Elijah from the roof of the St. Elias Monastery, Keren Carmel (Muhraka) \/ he.wikipedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":62750,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-muhraka","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka-300x225.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":225,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka-768x576.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":576,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","large-width":800,"large-height":600,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","1536x1536-width":800,"1536x1536-height":600,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","2048x2048-width":800,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","post_full_size-width":800,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka-560x420.jpg","home_baner-width":560,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Elijah vs. Prophets Of Ba\u2019al On The Carmel","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"With a surprising cameo appearance...","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":62750,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-muhraka","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka-300x225.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":225,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka-768x576.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":576,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","large-width":800,"large-height":600,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","1536x1536-width":800,"1536x1536-height":600,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","2048x2048-width":800,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka.jpg","post_full_size-width":800,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-muhraka-560x420.jpg","home_baner-width":560,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Kings","chapter":"18","chapter_main_number":"305","date":"20261029","wall_id":"305"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"476","name":"Compassion","old_id":"876"},{"term_id":"858","name":"Elijah","old_id":"1258"},{"term_id":"929","name":"Baal","old_id":"1329"}]},{"order":9,"id":"62756","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Elijah The Reviver ","post_title":"Elijah The Reviver","slug":"elijah-the-reviver","old_id":"62756","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34243,"post_title":"Moshe Sokolow","slug":"moshe-sokolow","old_id":"34243","first_name":"Moshe","last_name":"Sokolow","description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University, and teaches a weekly class in parashat hashavu`a at Lincoln Square Synagogue. He is the author of TANAKH: An Owner\u2019s Manual (Jerusalem: Urim\/Ktav, 2015).\r\n\r\n","short_description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34244,"alt":"","title":"sokolow","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","width":302,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow-300x298.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":298,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","medium_large-width":302,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","large-width":302,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","1536x1536-width":302,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","2048x2048-width":302,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","post_full_size-width":302,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","home_baner-width":302,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"305","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"But what does CPR have to do with making it rain?","post_main_content_content":" At the close of the previous chapter, Elijah performed an (apparent) miracle: He resuscitated the (ostensibly) dead child of the widow woman with whom he was residing.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n The parentheses are due to the fact that there was an opinion among the medievals that the child had not actually died. To recall our comments on the previous chapter, there were those who believed Elijah was one and the same as Phineas the Priest. As a priest, he would have been forbidden to touch a corpse, ergo the child had not actually died but\u2014perhaps\u2014had suffered only respiratory arrest. Of course, an obvious alternative explanation\u2014utilizing the selfsame facts\u2014is to argue that the mitzvah of rescue (<\/span>piku`ah nefesh<\/span><\/em>) trumped that prohibition.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Our chapter opens in the third year of the drought that Elijah had invoked with God instructing him to \u201cGo, appear before Ahab; then I will send rain upon the earth\u201d (1). Do you see a connection to the conclusion of the previous chapter? Malbim saw them as two related examples of revival:<\/span><\/p>\r\n The opinion of the Sages is well-known: When [Elijah] required the keys of resurrection, he [first] needed to return the keys to the rain\u2026 At first, Elijah sealed all the conduits that provided rain and sustenance, so he no longer had the ability to restore life to anything because that necessitated the opening of a conduit. However, while attempting to revive the child, he needed to renege on his sealing of the flow and that reopened all the life-giving flows that had been sealed off together with the rain.<\/span><\/p>\r\n In the interim, and unbeknownst to Elijah, Ahab had been scouring the earth for him. (Such, at least, is the literal meaning of v. 10.) Ahab had employed the services of the righteous Obadiah to secure a royal appearance by Elijah and to use his good offices to beseech the prophet to end the drought.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n In this regard, we encounter a most curious exchange. Elijah said to Obadiah \u201cGo tell your lord, Elijah is here\u201d (8), to which Obadiah responded \u201cWhen I leave you, the spirit of the LORD will carry you off I don\u2019t know where; and when I come and tell Ahab and he does not find you, he will kill me\u201d (12). Granted that Elijah might have preferred to avoid Ahab\u2019s company, but once he had made an appointment to see him, why would he fail to keep it?<\/span><\/p>\r\n As a member of Hatzoloh for more than thirty years, I think I have an insight into Elijah\u2019s seemingly rude behavior. He, too, was a first-responder (to wit: he arguably performed the first recorded act of CPR) and even if he were on his way to meet the king, if his emergency beeper went off\u2014he was duty-bound to go wherever it took him.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Image: Elijah and the Widow's Son, Ford Madox Brown, c. 1864 \/ 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Now a significant populace has embraced this practice, while at the same time pledging their allegiance to the one single God of the Jewish people. It takes a particular mental dexterity to have justified to themselves that there was no conflict in their dual loyalties.<\/span><\/p>\r\n In this chapter, Elijah the prophet gathers the people near and asks them \u201cHow long are you going to keep hopping between two ideas (or opinions, 18:21)?\u201d Elijah makes it clear that monotheism and idol worship are mutually exclusive and tells them it\u2019s time to get off the proverbial pot. What Elijah did not say is as important as what he did say: he did not tell the people which was the better choice, just simply that a choice had to be made.<\/span><\/p>\r\n The nation was stunned to be finally called to task and \u201cthe people said nothing (18:21).\u201d They couldn\u2019t comprehend a way forward. They had got themselves so entrenched in a mindset of dual loyalty they simply couldn\u2019t see a way out.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Of course, Elijah had a plan to help them solve this quandary without imposing a decision on them.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Elijah lets the prophets of Baal, the idol worshippers, make their case first. They spend all morning in a frenetic attempt to arouse their gods to accept their offering, but to no avail. Using the same language as v. 21 when the Jewish people had no response to Elijah\u2019s challenge, in v. 26 \u201cthere was no voice and no answer\u201d from Baal. By late afternoon, still nothing - \u201cno voice, no answer (from Baal) and no one (from the Jewish nation) was listening (v. 29). \u201c<\/span><\/p>\r\n Elijah\u2019s goal was not merely to win a contest to prove the authenticity of a single God; his objective was to heal the nation. As he did at the beginning of the day, Elijah again invites the people to approach him. 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She is a graduate of Mandel School For Educational Leadership, works at Midreshet Lindenbaum, and is writing a doctorate in psychology at Bar Ilan University.","short_description":"Naomi (Jaffe) Eini is an educational psychologist, lecturer and workshop facilitator, and doctoral candidate in psychology.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":58420,"alt":"","title":"naomi eini","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini.jpg","width":960,"height":1135,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini-254x300.jpg","medium-width":254,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini-768x908.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":908,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini-866x1024.jpg","large-width":866,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini.jpg","1536x1536-width":960,"1536x1536-height":1135,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini.jpg","2048x2048-width":960,"2048x2048-height":1135,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini.jpg","post_full_size-width":960,"post_full_size-height":1135,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/naomi-eini-355x420.jpg","home_baner-width":355,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"305","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"He risked trying to turn the miracles of Mount Carmel into the Revelation on Mount Sinai\u00a0","post_main_content_content":" The chapter tells of the Prophet Elijah and the prophets of Baal on Mount Carmel. He challenges the people of Israel to determine who is God, and organizes a kind of reality show \u201ccompetition: The God who answers the calls of the prophet(s) and brings down fire onto the wood on the altar \u2013 He is the true God: \u201cYou will then invoke your god by name, and I will invoke the LORD by name; and let us agree: the god who responds with fire, that one is God\u201d (Kings I.18:24).<\/span><\/p>\r\n The Prophets of Baal call out to their god for hours on end, yet nothing happens. Then Elijah\u2019s turn arrives. He implores: \u201cAnswer me, O LORD\u2026 that this people may know that You, O LORD, are God.\u201d Elijah is answered: \u201cWhen they saw this, all the people flung themselves on their faces and cried out: \u201cThe LORD alone is God, The LORD alone is God!\u201d (v. 37-39).<\/span><\/p>\r\n Reading this description, I cannot help but wonder about Elijah\u2019s actions and his motives.\u00a0 What was he trying to show or teach the people?<\/span><\/p>\r\n Faith? Possibly... The text shows that the event led to the recognition of the existence and greatness of the Creator.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Observance of His commandments? Not necessarily! History and human nature prove that an extraordinary event doesn\u2019t always result in long-term behavioral change, even if people declare their intention to do so during the actual event or rescue.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Perhaps Elijah wanted to teach about the power of prayer?<\/span><\/p>\r\n Racheli Fraenkel, whose son Naphtali was kidnapped and murdered in Gush Etzion in 2014, said: \u201cGod does not do our bidding,\u201d and thus cautioned the youth about experiencing a crisis of faith concerning the power of prayer.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n A miracle occurred on Mount Carmel. The fire that descended from God not only lit up the altar, but also the hearts of the people. I believe this is what Elijah was trying to do: to turn the miracles of Mount Carmel into the Revelation on Mount Sinai. He wanted to show us that our Father in Heaven is a living God, as opposed to the sleeping, false gods.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n Elijah was both brave and showed \u201cchutzpah.\u201d He was not afraid of what was about to happen. Indeed, with his actions, he was \u201cplaying with fire\u201d three times:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n God does not do our bidding, yet we have a relationship with Him.<\/span><\/p>\r\n From Elijah, I learn that we should educate our children to be loving and \u201cchutzpadik,\u201d who accept and respect our Father in heaven and at the same time, are not afraid of Him and vocally demand that He be close and present in our lives.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":62766,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel.jpg","width":1800,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-300x100.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":100,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-768x256.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":256,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-1024x341.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":341,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":512,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel.jpg","2048x2048-width":1800,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-1200x400.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":400,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-1260x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1260,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Elijah Plays With Fire","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"He risked trying to turn the miracles of Mount Carmel into the Revelation on Mount Sinai\u00a0","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":62766,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel.jpg","width":1800,"height":600,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-300x100.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":100,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-768x256.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":256,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-1024x341.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":341,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":512,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel.jpg","2048x2048-width":1800,"2048x2048-height":600,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-1200x400.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":400,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-on-mt-carmel-1260x420.jpg","home_baner-width":1260,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Kings","chapter":"18","chapter_main_number":"305","date":"20261029","wall_id":"305"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"390","name":"Prophets","old_id":"790"},{"term_id":"437","name":"Prayer","old_id":"837"},{"term_id":"858","name":"Elijah","old_id":"1258"},{"term_id":"929","name":"Baal","old_id":"1329"}]},{"order":13,"id":"62728","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Elijah and the Intensity of Prayer ","post_title":"Elijah And The Intensity Of Prayer","slug":"elijah-and-the-intensity-of-prayer","old_id":"62728","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33877,"post_title":"Marc Bregman","slug":"marc-bregman","old_id":"33877","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bregman","description":"Marc Bregman received his Ph.D. from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1991. He taught at the Hebrew Union College (Jerusalem), The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Schechter Institute for Judaic Studies in Jerusalem, and at the Ben-Gurion University in Beer Sheba, Israel. During 1993 he was Visiting Associate Professor at Yale University, and during 1996 he was the Stroum Professor of Jewish Studies and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Washington in Seattle. During 2005, Bregman served as the Harry Starr Fellow in Judaica at Harvard University and was awarded a Teaching Fellowship at the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. He also has served as Forchheimer Visiting Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is the author of The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions (Gorgias Press, 2003). In 2006, Bregman was appointed the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, where he also headed the program in Jewish Studies, until 2013. Bregman retired from UNCG as of July 31, 2017. He has now returned to Jerusalem where he is continuing his research and teaching activities.","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Marc Bregman is the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies emeritus, at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33878,"alt":"Marc Bregman","title":"Marc Bregman","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","width":361,"height":488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-222x300.jpg","medium-width":222,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","medium_large-width":361,"medium_large-height":488,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","large-width":361,"large-height":488,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","1536x1536-width":361,"1536x1536-height":488,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","2048x2048-width":361,"2048x2048-height":488,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","post_full_size-width":361,"post_full_size-height":488,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-311x420.jpg","home_baner-width":311,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"305","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Postures of powerful pleas and pointed petitions","post_main_content_content":" After three years of drought, our chapter describes the famous contest between Elijah and the prophets of Baal on Mount Carmel, ending in their death (I Kings 18:1-40). Elijah then tells Ahab he hears \u201ca rumbling of [approaching] rain\u201d (verse 41), in imminent fulfillment of what Elijah had prophesied at the beginning of our chapter. Our chapter comes full circle by concluding with a detailed description of the end of the drought: \u201cthe sky grew black with clouds; there was wind, and a heavy downpour fell\u201d (verse 45). But first, after Elijah hears the initial indications of the coming rainstorm, we are told that \u201che stretched himself upon the ground\u201d (verse 42).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n Significantly, Elisha, Elijah\u2019s disciple, later adopts a similar posture in reviving the son of the Shunammite widow: \u201cHe put his mouth on his mouth, his eyes on his eyes, and his hands on his hands, as he stretched himself over him, and the body of the child became warm\u201d (II Kings 4:34). Scripture seems to suggest that \u201cstretching oneself out\u201d is a very powerful and intense form of non-verbal prayer. But, why in our chapter does Elijah also \u201cput his face between his knees\u201d (verse 42)? It is possible that Elijah chose this way of hiding his face because, at this point, he did not yet want to see the approaching raincloud. But \u2013 dramatically -- Elijah sends his servant to look for and eventually see \u201ca cloud as small as a man\u2019s hand rising in the West\u201d (verses 43-44).<\/span><\/p>\r\n Significantly, the early wonder-working Rabbi, Hanina ben Dosa, is reported to have employed an approach to life-saving prayer similar to that of Elijah. Talmud Bavli Berakhot 34b relates that when the son of Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai fell ill, Rabban Yohanan said to him: \u201cHanina, my son, pray for him that he may live.\u201d Hanina put his head between his knees and prayed for the son and he lived.<\/span><\/p>\r\n The practice of putting one\u2019s head between one\u2019s knees in prayer seems to have been replaced by another physical gesture to intensify prayer. Talmud Bavli Berakhot 13b relates that Rabbi Yehudah Ha-Nasi would \u201cpass his hands over his eyes,\u201d when reciting the first verse of the Shema in order to recite this \u201cacceptance of the yoke of Heaven\u201d with complete concentration and intention (kavvanah). This Talmudic passage is reflected in what has become the accepted custom. \u201cOne places one\u2019s hands over one\u2019s face in reciting the first verse [of the Shema], in order not to look at anything that would interfere with concentrated intention (Shulhan Arukh, Orah Hayyim 61:5).<\/span><\/p>\r\n Image: Women saying the Shema during prayer services at a synagogue in Medellin, Colombia. (Zion Ozeri\/Jewish Lens).<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":62746,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-praying","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","width":625,"height":429,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying-300x206.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":206,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","medium_large-width":625,"medium_large-height":429,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","large-width":625,"large-height":429,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","1536x1536-width":625,"1536x1536-height":429,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","2048x2048-width":625,"2048x2048-height":429,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","post_full_size-width":625,"post_full_size-height":429,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying-612x420.jpg","home_baner-width":612,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Elijah And The Intensity Of Prayer","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Postures of powerful pleas and pointed petitions","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":62746,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-praying","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","width":625,"height":429,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying-300x206.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":206,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","medium_large-width":625,"medium_large-height":429,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","large-width":625,"large-height":429,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","1536x1536-width":625,"1536x1536-height":429,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","2048x2048-width":625,"2048x2048-height":429,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying.jpg","post_full_size-width":625,"post_full_size-height":429,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-praying-612x420.jpg","home_baner-width":612,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Kings","chapter":"18","chapter_main_number":"305","date":"20261029","wall_id":"305"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":14,"id":"62762","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"2","name":"The Suffering Of A Leader ","post_title":"The Suffering Of A Leader","slug":"the-suffering-of-a-leader","old_id":"62762","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34250,"post_title":"Sarah Rudolph","slug":"sarah-rudolph","old_id":"34250","first_name":"Sarah ","last_name":"Rudolph","description":"Sarah Rudolph is a freelance Jewish educator, writer, and editor. She has been sharing her passion for Jewish texts of all kinds for over 15 years, with students of all ages. Sarah\u2019s essays have been published in a variety of internet and print media, including Times of Israel, Kveller, Jewish Action, OU Life, The Lehrhaus, TorahMusings, and more. Sarah lives in Cleveland with her husband and four children, but is privileged to learn online with students all over the world through www.TorahTutors.org and www.WebYeshiva.org. \r\n\r\n","short_description":"Sarah Rudolph is a freelance Jewish educator, writer, and editor.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34251,"alt":"","title":"Sarah R","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R.jpg","width":2824,"height":4246,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R-200x300.jpg","medium-width":200,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R-681x1024.jpg","medium_large-width":681,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R-681x1024.jpg","large-width":681,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R.jpg","1536x1536-width":1022,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R.jpg","2048x2048-width":1362,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R-798x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":798,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sarah-R-279x420.jpg","home_baner-width":279,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"305","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Do we see the real Elijah when he stands strong at Mount Carmel, or when he is alone, with his head between his knees?","post_main_content_content":" Elijah is known for powerful public stances. He appears on the scene out of nowhere in 17:1 and declares a drought, \u201cuntil I say so.\u201d Three years later, he meets Ahab and blames him for the drought, then sets up a massive showdown to prove to the people once and for all that \u201cThe Lord alone is God! (18:39). He is apparently in his element at that showdown, mocking the prophets of Baal and expressing unwavering confidence that God is with him and will send fire as He has withheld rain, at Elijah\u2019s call. Elijah then kills 400 idolatrous prophets \u2013 not a task we like to think about, but one which certainly displays Elijah\u2019s capabilities for decisive public action.<\/span><\/p>\r\n And yet.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Sometimes, the biggest, boldest actions of the most decisive leaders mask a more complex internal life.<\/span><\/p>\r\n Elijah is devoted to God, but like anyone, he has his moments.<\/span><\/p>\r\n The most obvious is when, hungry and tired, in danger, and \u201cno better than my fathers,\u201d Elijah asks God to take his life (19:4). This is Elijah\u2019s low point, from which he can\u2019t seem to recover; God tries to work with him, but Elijah simply repeats in despair, \u201cI am moved by zeal for the LORD\u2026 the Israelites have forsaken Your covenant... I alone am left, and they are out to take my life\u201d (19:10, 14). Elijah is burnt out and unable to connect with his people, and God finally instructs him to hand the mantle over to a successor.<\/span><\/p>\r\n But even before that personal showdown, easy to miss between his monumental exclamations at Mount Carmel and his later heartbreaking expressions of frustration with his lot and life, Elijah takes one poignant moment alone and puts his head between his knees (18:42). After his powerful demonstration, and despite his assurance to Ahab that rain is coming, Elijah suddenly doesn\u2019t seem so sure. Perhaps he is actually worried that the rain might not come as called \u2013 and so he repeatedly sends his servant to check, until a cloud appears and he can relax.<\/span><\/p>\r\n And perhaps Elijah is simply drained. It\u2019s hard work to make a public spectacle; religious zeal takes a good bit of energy. Did it come naturally to Elijah, as we tend to think? Do we see the real Elijah when he stands strong at Mount Carmel, or when he grabs a moment alone to put his head between his knees and recover?<\/span><\/p>\r\n Maybe the essence of Elijah\u2019s character \u2013 like God Himself \u2013 is not to be found in the fire and brimstone and crushing noise, but in the small quiet voice. In his private prayers to save the son of a woman who helped him. In his solitary mountaintop angst. In the internal devotion that drives him to zealous demonstrations he might rather have avoided, and in the desperation that comes when he realizes the effects of his efforts will be fleeting at best.<\/span><\/p>\r\n This is what a leader does, and this is how a leader sometimes suffers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n Image:Elijah from Mount Carmel, Charles Hoffbauer (after James Tissot), c. 1910.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":62763,"alt":"","title":"1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library.jpg","width":500,"height":772,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library-194x300.jpg","medium-width":194,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library.jpg","medium_large-width":500,"medium_large-height":772,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library.jpg","large-width":500,"large-height":772,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library.jpg","1536x1536-width":500,"1536x1536-height":772,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library.jpg","2048x2048-width":500,"2048x2048-height":772,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library.jpg","post_full_size-width":500,"post_full_size-height":772,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/1kings18-elijah-sees-a-cloud-drawing-by-james-tissot-at-the-john-rylands-library-272x420.jpg","home_baner-width":272,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"The Suffering Of A Leader","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Do we see the real Elijah when he stands strong at Mount Carmel, or when he is alone, with his head between his 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Snapshots","tile_main_caption":"I Kings 18: Making Fun Of The God(s)","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"with Adam Mintz ","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"https:\/\/youtu.be\/CY1w0gtmV6w","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Kings","chapter":"18","chapter_main_number":"305","date":"20261029","wall_id":"305"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"369","name":"Visual Arts","old_id":"769"}]},{"order":16,"id":"62670","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Elijah\u2019s Dramatic Pedagogy ","post_title":"Elijah\u2019s Dramatic Pedagogy","slug":"elijahs-dramatic-pedagogy","old_id":"62670","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33692,"post_title":"Alex Israel","slug":"33692-2","old_id":"33692","first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Israel","description":"Alex Israel teaches Tanakh at the Pardes Institute, Yeshivat Eretz Hatzvi and Matan, Jerusalem. His first book \"I Kings - Torn in Two\" was published in 2013. See his website www.alexisrael.org, and his podcasts at https:\/\/elmad.pardes.org\/ and https:\/\/tanachstudy.com\/ \r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Alex Israel teaches Tanakh at the Pardes Institute, Yeshivat Eretz Hatzvi and Matan, Jerusalem.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33693,"alt":"","title":"alex israel","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","width":1657,"height":2500,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-199x300.jpg","medium-width":199,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-679x1024.jpg","medium_large-width":679,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-679x1024.jpg","large-width":679,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","1536x1536-width":1018,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","2048x2048-width":1357,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-795x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":795,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-278x420.jpg","home_baner-width":278,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"305","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"His repair of the altar teaches unity and repentance","post_main_content_content":" Elijah masterminds the day in order to manipulate its events to maximal advantage. For the first half of the day, Elijah remains passive, simply waiting, allowing the prophets of Baal to occupy the audience's attention. The prophets dance all morning, and the text describes this movement with the verb <\/span>p-s-h\u0302<\/span><\/i> (18:26), the same language used to describe Israel's religious oscillation (18:21), indicating that the nation's \"wavering between two opinions\" is tantamount to Baal worship.<\/span><\/p>\r\n By noon, the Baal worship has yielded no heavenly fire, and the Israelites are bored. Now Elijah has everyone's attention. He taunts the priests of Baal, using cynicism and comedy; his stand-up routine is something new and entertaining. This tactic throws the Baal prophets into a desperate frenzy, as they raise their voices and slash themselves with sharp blades until they bleed (18:28).<\/span><\/p>\r\n The text highlights the absence of any response to the antics of these prophets. In the morning, we are told that \"there was no voice and no response\" (18:26). By late afternoon, the lack of response is stronger: \"...no voice, no response, no one listening\" (18:29).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n Elijah has exhausted the opposition and exposed its inability to produce fire from heaven. But he is not interested merely in proving God's power; he seeks to heal the nation, spurring it to respond. Late in the day, he beckons the people with the same verb, <\/span>vayigash<\/span><\/em>, that was previously met with silence: \"Approach me!\" he says. This time, without hesitation, \"the entire nation approached him\" (18:30). Elijah uses symbols to represent the heritage and unity of Israel:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n Continuing the education of his audience, Elijah repairs the altar rather than building a new one; thus he conveys that there is room for <\/span>teshuva<\/span><\/em>, repentance and rehabilitation. The number twelve is particularly interesting, given that we are discussing a kingdom split into two, with only a fraction of the tribes belonging to the northern kingdom. Nonetheless, Elijah establishes that the nation is one, all descended from a single Jacob. And ever since Jacob, God has not changed His relationship to His people.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n Alex Israel, 1 Kings: Torn in Two<\/em>, Maggid Books, 2013, Showdown at Mount Carmel\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":61437,"alt":"","title":"alex israel - kings 1","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1.jpg","width":1020,"height":1304,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-235x300.jpg","medium-width":235,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-768x982.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":982,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-801x1024.jpg","large-width":801,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1.jpg","1536x1536-width":1020,"1536x1536-height":1304,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1.jpg","2048x2048-width":1020,"2048x2048-height":1304,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-939x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":939,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-329x420.jpg","home_baner-width":329,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Excerpts from: 1 Kings - Torn in Two","tile_main_caption":"Elijah\u2019s Dramatic Pedagogy","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"His repair of the altar teaches unity and repentance","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":61437,"alt":"","title":"alex israel - kings 1","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1.jpg","width":1020,"height":1304,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-235x300.jpg","medium-width":235,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-768x982.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":982,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-801x1024.jpg","large-width":801,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1.jpg","1536x1536-width":1020,"1536x1536-height":1304,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1.jpg","2048x2048-width":1020,"2048x2048-height":1304,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-939x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":939,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/alex-israel-kings-1-329x420.jpg","home_baner-width":329,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Kings","chapter":"18","chapter_main_number":"305","date":"20261029","wall_id":"305"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"387","name":"Sacrifice","old_id":"787"},{"term_id":"429","name":"Idolatry","old_id":"829"},{"term_id":"858","name":"Elijah","old_id":"1258"},{"term_id":"929","name":"Baal","old_id":"1329"}]},{"order":17,"id":"62538","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Elijah Presents Himself to Ahab ","post_title":"Elijah Presents Himself to Ahab","slug":"elijah-presents-himself-to-ahab","old_id":"62538","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":54356,"post_title":"Robert Alter","slug":"robert-alter","old_id":"54356","first_name":"Robert ","last_name":"Alter","description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, where he has taught since 1967. He has written over twenty books, focusing on such topics as the European novel from the 18th century to the present, contemporary American fiction, and modern Hebrew literature. He has also written extensively on the literary aspects of the Bible. His most recent work is his monumental three volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019 - from which the selections in 929 are taken. ","short_description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, and author of the three-volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":54357,"alt":"","title":"robert alter","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","width":184,"height":275,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium-width":184,"medium-height":275,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium_large-width":184,"medium_large-height":275,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","large-width":184,"large-height":275,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","1536x1536-width":184,"1536x1536-height":275,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","2048x2048-width":184,"2048x2048-height":275,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","post_full_size-width":184,"post_full_size-height":275,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","home_baner-width":184,"home_baner-height":275}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"305","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"And terrifies Ahab\u2019s servant Obadiah in the process","post_main_content_content":" 18:9 \u201cAnd he said, \u2018How have I offended, that you should place your servant in Ahab\u2019s hands to put me to death?\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n The exchange between Obadiah and Elijah is one of the most spectacular deployments of the biblical technique of contrastive dialogue, in which the two speakers are sharply differentiated by antithesis in tone and attitude and, often, by an opposition between brevity and prolixity (see, for example, Joseph and Potiphar\u2019s wife in Genesis 39). Elijah expresses a concise imperative, \u201cGo and say to your lord Elijah is here,\u201d and then the steely resolution at the end of the dialogue, \u201cAs the Lord of Armies lives, Whom I have served, today I will appear before him.\u201d Obadiah, on the other hand, terrified by the prospect of conveying this message to Ahab, spouts a stream of highly nervous volubility, anxiously repeating twice what he regards as Elijah\u2019s impossible order to him and at the same time defending his own record as a God-fearing man. The effect is almost comical: he is a good man and has incurred danger in his loyalty to the Lord, but he is also an ordinary man, susceptible to fear. The contrast to the iron-willed Elijah is striking. At the same time, Obadiah\u2019s terror vividly reflects Ahab\u2019s ruthlessness as a paganizing monarch.<\/span><\/p>\r\n From: Robert Alter, The Hebrew Bible<\/em>, vol. 2: Prophets, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019, ad loc. By permission of the author.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"From Robert Alter's Bible Translation and Commentary","tile_main_caption":"Elijah Presents Himself to Ahab","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"And terrifies Ahab\u2019s servant Obadiah in the process","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Kings","chapter":"18","chapter_main_number":"305","date":"20261029","wall_id":"305"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"858","name":"Elijah","old_id":"1258"},{"term_id":"927","name":"Ahab","old_id":"1327"}]},{"order":18,"id":"62238","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Sefaria Source Sheets - I Kings 18 ","post_title":"Sefaria Source Sheets - I Kings 18","slug":"sefaria-source-sheets-i-kings-18","old_id":"62238","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":42228,"post_title":"Sefaria","slug":"sefaria","old_id":"42228","first_name":"","last_name":"Sefaria","description":"Sefaria is a non-profit organization dedicated to building the future of Jewish learning in an open and participatory way. 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