{"id":58021,"date":"2018-07-09T17:43:29","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T14:43:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wall\/wall-251\/"},"modified":"2023-01-22T12:02:04","modified_gmt":"2023-01-22T10:02:04","slug":"wall-251","status":"publish","type":"wall","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wall\/wall-251\/","title":{"rendered":"chapter-Prophets-I Samuel-19"},"parent":0,"template":"","acf":{"type":"chapter","wall_id":"251","date":"20260816","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","books_group":"Prophets","hide_acf":true,"home_image":false,"home_posts":false,"home_posts_title":"","posts_home":[],"posts":[{"order":1,"id":"57842","color":"#f8ebe3","size":"1","name":"I Samuel Chapter 19 - Read by Jonathan Roumie ","post_title":"I Samuel Chapter 19 - Read by Jonathan Roumie","slug":"i-samuel-chapter-19-read-by-jonathan-roumie","old_id":"57842","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34686,"post_title":"Soundcloud","slug":"soundcloud","old_id":"34686","first_name":"","last_name":"","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34656,"alt":"","title":"491","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","width":300,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"251","type_929":"4","show_author_image":true,"old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"JPS Audio Bible","tile_main_caption":"I Samuel 19","tile_main_caption_size":"2","tile_sub_caption":"read by Jonathan Roumie","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/929-bible\/JPS_Audio_Bible_I_Samuel_Chapter_19_read_by_Jonathan_Roumie","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":2,"id":"112002","color":"#f6edf6","size":"1","name":"David ben Jesse\u2019s Day Off ","post_title":"David ben Jesse\u2019s Day Off","slug":"david-ben-jesses-day-off","old_id":"112002","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":78133,"post_title":"Josh Blechner","slug":"josh-blechner","old_id":"78133","first_name":"Josh ","last_name":"Blechner ","description":"Josh first finished the Tanach during Yeshiva in Mevaseret Zion. 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","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":78134,"alt":"","title":"josh blechner","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","width":276,"height":351,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-236x300.jpg","medium-width":236,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","medium_large-width":276,"medium_large-height":351,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","large-width":276,"large-height":351,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","1536x1536-width":276,"1536x1536-height":351,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","2048x2048-width":276,"2048x2048-height":351,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","post_full_size-width":276,"post_full_size-height":351,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","home_baner-width":276,"home_baner-height":351}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"251","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Michal shows loyalty to her husband and betrays her father\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

In the 1986 teen comedy <\/span>Ferris Bueller\u2019s Day Off<\/span><\/em>, Ferris, played by Matthew Broderick, is a wise cracking high school kid. Ferris has a grand idea of playing hooky from school with his girlfriend and his best friend. First, though, he needs to convince his parents that he is sick. To do this, he builds an elaborate ruse. He rigs his door with a string. When someone opens the door to his room, the string activates a contraption that turns on a tape recording of him snoring. It also manipulates a mannequin that he placed in his bed. The person opening the door will think the person inside is snoring away. It tricks his mother, but later in the film (spoiler alert), his sister comes crashing into his room and pulls the strings revealing the mannequin under the bed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Perhaps John Hughes, the director of the film, got this idea from chapter 19. Saul\u2019s son Jonathan is infatuated with David, but so is his sister, Michal. David was originally slated to marry Saul\u2019s eldest daughter, but Saul gives her away before David could actually marry her. Instead, Saul sends his officers to encourage David to marry Michal, Saul\u2019s other daughter. Saul thinks Michal will help spy on David, but instead, like her brother, she supports her husband.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In a scene reminiscent of Rahab and the two spies in the book of Joshua, Saul\u2019s soldiers race to David and Michal\u2019s house to capture David. Michal warns David and lowers him out of the window. To trick the officers, she places the house <\/span>terafim<\/em> <\/span>(idols) under the sheets with goatskin. Like Ferris\u2019 mother, Saul\u2019s guards are tricked into thinking that David is sick in bed. What are these <\/span>terafim<\/span><\/em>? The word is usually translated as an idol. Rachel stole her father\u2019s <\/span>terafim<\/em> <\/span>back in Genesis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Metzudat Zion is troubled by the idea that David and Michal would have idols in their house. Instead, he explains that the word could be used as idol, but also that women would have statues of their husbands so they could think about them while they were away. These were not idols, but Michal\u2019s \u2018David mannequins.\u201d So <\/span>terafim<\/em> <\/span>might simply be a term used to mean statue, not necessarily one that is for idol worship. Whatever the <\/span>terafim<\/em> <\/span>were, the ruse worked, and David was able to play hooky with his friends.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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The chapter includes a description of how all of the people that Saul sent to capture David turned into prophets (verses 20-21):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

They<\/span> saw a band of prophets<\/span> speaking in ecstasy, with Samuel standing by <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>as their leader; and the spirit of God came upon Saul\u2019s messengers and they too began to speak in ecstasy. When Saul was told about this, he sent other messengers; but they too spoke in ecstasy. Saul sent a third group of messengers; and they also spoke in ecstasy.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And when the king decided to try to catch David himself, he too ended up losing control over his faculties and prophesying (23-24):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

He (<\/span>Saul<\/span><\/i>) was on his way there, to Naioth in Ramah, when the spirit of God came upon him too; and he walked on, speaking in ecstasy, until he reached Naioth in Ramah. \u2026He too spoke in ecstasy before Samuel\u2026<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Malbim asserts that the transformation of Saul\u2019s messengers and himself into prophets, thereby allowing David to escape, should not have surprised the king, since he had been overcome with prophecy once before (see 1 Sam. 10:10).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The text states that Saul\u2019s depressive mood and fits of prophecy were also all orchestrated by God:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Whenever the spirit of God came upon Saul, David would take the lyre and play it; Saul would find relief and feel better, and the evil spirit would leave him (16:23).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

For more on Saul\u2019s depression (\u201cevil spirit\u201d) see 18:10, 19:9.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Later, Saul admits that he has regularly wronged David by improperly attributing to him designs on the kingship (24:18-9):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

He (<\/span>Saul<\/span><\/i>) said to David, \u201cYou are right, not I; for you have treated me generously, but I have treated you badly. Yes, you have just revealed how generously you treated me, for the LORD delivered me into your hands and you did not kill me.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

But, instead of being true to his word to finally leave David alone, not long afterwards, Saul resumes his single-minded persecution of his perceived adversary. This suggests that his near-death experience at the hands of David, had more to do with his pledge, than did his realization of what was being done to him by the Divine.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Saul is described as being transformed from someone who reluctantly took on the trappings of kingship to an individual who desperately wishes to maintain his position and tries to do away with his competition (18:9 ff.). But God in the end prevails by using Saul\u2019s human frailties against him, even without his awareness.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":81569,"alt":"","title":"ps23-fear","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear.png","width":1920,"height":960,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-300x150.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":150,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-768x384.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":384,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-1024x512.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":512,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear.png","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":768,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear.png","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":960,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-1200x600.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-840x420.png","home_baner-width":840,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"The Transformation Of Saul\u00a0","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Humility turns to desperation, as his human frailties work against him","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":81569,"alt":"","title":"ps23-fear","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear.png","width":1920,"height":960,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-300x150.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":150,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-768x384.png","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":384,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-1024x512.png","large-width":1024,"large-height":512,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear.png","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":768,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear.png","2048x2048-width":1920,"2048x2048-height":960,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-1200x600.png","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":600,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ps23-fear-840x420.png","home_baner-width":840,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"384","name":"God","old_id":"784"},{"term_id":"643","name":"Humility","old_id":"1043"},{"term_id":"885","name":"Saul","old_id":"1285"}]},{"order":4,"id":"58429","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"2","name":"Saul Sent Messengers To Seize David ","post_title":"Saul Sent Messengers To Seize David","slug":"saul-sent-messengers-to-seize-david","old_id":"58429","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":56634,"post_title":"Michal Nachmany","slug":"michal-nachmany","old_id":"56634","first_name":"Michal ","last_name":"Nachmany ","description":"Michal Nachmany (b. 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Mixed-media work by Michal Nachmany, courtesy of the artist<\/p>\r\n

Michal dedicates her work in memory to her father Shamai Zweigreich z\u201dl \u00a0and her grandfather \u00a0Yisrael Zweigreich z\u201dl, who loved studying Bible and Talmud.<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":58430,"alt":"","title":"isam19","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","width":816,"height":625,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-300x230.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":230,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-768x588.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":588,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","large-width":816,"large-height":625,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","1536x1536-width":816,"1536x1536-height":625,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","2048x2048-width":816,"2048x2048-height":625,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","post_full_size-width":816,"post_full_size-height":625,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-548x420.jpg","home_baner-width":548,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"I Sam 19:20","tile_main_caption":"Saul Sent Messengers To Seize David","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Saul was told that David was at Naioth in Ramah","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":58430,"alt":"","title":"isam19","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","width":816,"height":625,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-300x230.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":230,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-768x588.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":588,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","large-width":816,"large-height":625,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","1536x1536-width":816,"1536x1536-height":625,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","2048x2048-width":816,"2048x2048-height":625,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19.jpg","post_full_size-width":816,"post_full_size-height":625,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-548x420.jpg","home_baner-width":548,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"369","name":"Visual Arts","old_id":"769"}]},{"order":5,"id":"58441","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Jonathan and David: A Story for LGBT Pride Week? 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Chapter 19 of I Samuel opens with King Saul urging his son Jonathan, along with the king\u2019s courtiers, to kill David. We meet David in Chapter 16, when David\u2019s father Jesse, upon Saul\u2019s request, sends young David out to fight for his king. Saul seems to develop an immediate jealousy of David \u2013 perhaps his jealousy is a manifestation of his paranoia.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Jonathan\u2019s feelings for David are quite different than his father\u2019s. In the beginning of Chapter 18, we are told that, \u201cJonathan loved David as <\/span>k\u2019nafsho<\/span><\/em>, translated as \u201cJonathan loved David as himself.\u201d And here at the beginning of Chapter 19, Jonathan refuses to heed his father as \u201c[he] was very fond of David,\u201d some translations rendering it \u201c[he] much desired David.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The question is often asked if David reciprocates the feelings? If we look to II Samuel 1:26, it seems that he does. After Jonathan\u2019s death, David laments, \u201c You were most dear to me. Your love was wonderful to me, greater than the love of women.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Were they lovers? We will never know what, if anything, occurred between them physically. We do know, through the plain reading of the text, that there is no shame in or condemnation of their expressions of their love. Saul does not laugh at his son when Jonathan refuses to carry out his father\u2019s urging. God does not choose someone other than David to be king after Saul, punishing him for his \u201cunnatural\u201d love.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Some people, however, are quick to say that Leviticus 18:22 could not possibly allow for Jonathan and David to have loved each other as though they were in a same-sex relationship. But Leviticus 18:22 is ambiguous at best. \u201cYou [male person] do not lay with a male in the layings of a woman.\u201d No one actually knows what this means.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

It seems that should Jonathan and David had lived in the late 20<\/span>th<\/span> century or later, they might be the grand marshals of their local LGBT Pride parade. Coincidentally, many of those parades occurred this past weekend and many more will happen next weekend, as LGBT Pride is typically celebrated at the end of June.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A quick word about Jonathan\u2019s love for David <\/span>k\u2019nafsho<\/span><\/i>, in Chapter 18. My last name is Nafshi. My same-sex partner and I took this last name when we wed 17 years ago. We took it from <\/span>Shir Hashirim <\/span><\/i>3:4, <\/span>mat-tzati et she-ahavah nafshi<\/span><\/i>, \u201cI have found the one whom my soul loves\u201d or \u201cI have found my soul mate.\u201d I believe that Jonathan would have called David his soul mate.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Gottfried Bernhard G\u00f6z: Jonathan greeting David after David killed 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His teaching and research focus on \u2018all things ancient Israel\u2019 \u2013 primarily language and literature, though also history and archaeology. His secondary interests include post-biblical Judaism, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and the medieval Hebrew manuscript tradition. Rendsburg\u2019s most recent book is How the Bible Is Written (Hendrickson, 2019), with particular attention to the use of language to create literature.\r\n\r\n","short_description":"Gary Rendsburg serves as the Blanche and Irving Laurie Professor of Jewish History in the Department of Jewish Studies at Rutgers University.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":56491,"alt":"","title":"Gary_A_Rendsburg","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg.jpg","width":220,"height":314,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg-210x300.jpg","medium-width":210,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg.jpg","medium_large-width":220,"medium_large-height":314,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg.jpg","large-width":220,"large-height":314,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg.jpg","1536x1536-width":220,"1536x1536-height":314,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg.jpg","2048x2048-width":220,"2048x2048-height":314,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg.jpg","post_full_size-width":220,"post_full_size-height":314,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Gary_A_Rendsburg.jpg","home_baner-width":220,"home_baner-height":314}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"251","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"A multi-purpose scene relating to aristocratic women, such as David\u2019s wife \/ Saul\u2019s daughter - Michal","post_main_content_content":"

When we read a story set in a foreign land or in a distant time, sometimes we need a little cultural background.\u00a0 An excellent example of such occurs in this week\u2019s chapter, 1 Samuel 19.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Michal, daughter of King Saul, wife of King David, helps her husband escape from the palace by lowering him \u2018through the window\u2019 (1 Sam 19:12). In another scene, forthcoming in the book of Samuel, Michal views David \u2018through the window\u2019 as he celebrates the arrival of the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem (2 Sam 6:16).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Is it a coincidence that in two of the episodes concerning Michal the reader encounters the phrase \u2018through the window\u2019? As you must realize, by my merely asking the question, the answer must be \u2018no\u2019, this is not coincidental.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The phrase occurs again in the following accounts. At the end of the Song of Deborah, the poet describes Sisera\u2019s mother, awaiting her son\u2019s return from battle, wondering why his chariot delays, as she looks for him \u2018through the window\u2019 (Judg 5:28). Jezebel, queen of the northern kingdom of Israel, is looking \u2018through the window\u2019 of her palace as the usurper king Jehu arrives to seek her death (2 Kgs 9:30). In the book of Proverbs, Lady Wisdom (that is, wisdom personified, akin to Greek Sophia) peers \u2018through the window\u2019 to view the street scene below (Prov 7:6).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Note that all of the characters are women, moreover, they are all royal or aristocratic women.\u00a0 This literary trope reflects the reality of such women in the Near East, from antiquity to modernity.\u00a0 Women are \u2018kept\u2019 in the palace, and their access to the outside world is literally through the window. Indeed, Disney got it right with \u201cAladdin\u201d (1992), for when Princess Jasmine desires to leave the palace, she must disguise herself as a commoner.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

So yes, Michal\u2019s access to the world was literally \u2018though the window\u2019, and thus twice we see her at said location.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Remarkably, the Bible uses this expression in one other crucial place: when Rahab lowers the two Israelite spies via a rope \u2018through the window\u2019 (Josh 2:15). But wait, Rahab is not royal or aristocratic \u2013 she is the harlot of Jericho! By introducing this scene in the narrative, however, the author of Joshua 2 thereby informs his readers that Rahab too, no matter her actual social status, rises to the level of nobility with her act of bravery and devotion to the people of Israel. Though the message is actually more profound, for Rahab represents the people of Israel. For just as the storyline focuses on the lowly woman, the whore, and elevates her to noble stature, so does God take the lowly, the people of Israel, and elevate them (and not higher-ranking nations) to be his covenant partner.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

All this from what at first glance might be seen as an insignificant detail in biblical literature, the expression \u2018through the window\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Michal lets David escape from the window, by Gustave Dor\u00e9, 1865 \/ wikimedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":58436,"alt":"","title":"isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","width":433,"height":520,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9-250x300.jpg","medium-width":250,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","medium_large-width":433,"medium_large-height":520,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","large-width":433,"large-height":520,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","1536x1536-width":433,"1536x1536-height":520,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","2048x2048-width":433,"2048x2048-height":520,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","post_full_size-width":433,"post_full_size-height":520,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9-350x420.jpg","home_baner-width":350,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Through The Window","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"A multi-purpose scene relating to aristocratic women, such as David\u2019s wife \/ Saul\u2019s daughter - Michal","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":58436,"alt":"","title":"isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","width":433,"height":520,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9-250x300.jpg","medium-width":250,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","medium_large-width":433,"medium_large-height":520,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","large-width":433,"large-height":520,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","1536x1536-width":433,"1536x1536-height":520,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","2048x2048-width":433,"2048x2048-height":520,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9.jpg","post_full_size-width":433,"post_full_size-height":520,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Michal_Gustave_Dor\u00e9-350x420.jpg","home_baner-width":350,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"373","name":"Literature","old_id":"773"},{"term_id":"444","name":"History","old_id":"844"}]},{"order":7,"id":"58427","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"When The King Is Made To Prophesy ","post_title":"When The King Is Made To Prophesy","slug":"when-the-king-is-made-to-prophesy","old_id":"58427","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":56443,"post_title":"Moshe Halbertal","slug":"moshe-halbertal","old_id":"56443","first_name":"Moshe ","last_name":"Halbertal ","description":"Prof. Moshe Halbertal is a professor of Jewish thought and philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and a professor of law at New York University (NYU) and the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya. His latest book, co-authored with Stephen Holmes, The Beginning of Politics: Power in the Biblical Book of Samuel was published by Princeton University Press in 2017. Halbertal was the recipient of the Michael Bruno Memorial Award of the Rothschild Foundation and the Goldstein-Goren Book Award for the best book in Jewish thought in the years 1997 to 2000. In 2010, Halbertal was named a member of Israel\u2019s Academy for the Sciences and the Humanities.","short_description":"Prof. Moshe Halbertal is a professor of Jewish thought and philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and a professor of law at New York University (NYU) and the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":56444,"alt":"","title":"Moshe-Halbertal","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal.png","width":500,"height":500,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal-300x300.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal.png","medium_large-width":500,"medium_large-height":500,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal.png","large-width":500,"large-height":500,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal.png","1536x1536-width":500,"1536x1536-height":500,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal.png","2048x2048-width":500,"2048x2048-height":500,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal.png","post_full_size-width":500,"post_full_size-height":500,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moshe-Halbertal-420x420.png","home_baner-width":420,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"251","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"The reigning king was afflicted with vertiginous emotional instability","post_main_content_content":"

Among the many self-defeating dimensions of power politics epitomized in the life of the heroes of Samuel, is the way in which the unconcealed pursuit of power which undermines the very aura of power stands out. In one short and rather peculiar incident, the narrative drives the relationship among loss of self, ecstasy, and exposure to an extreme manifestation. The incident occurs as David takes his first steps as a wanted fugitive seeking refuge. Having been threatened several times at the court of Saul, David realized that he had no chance of surviving in immediate proximity to the king and his loyalists. In his last night at the court, David saved his own life in a hurried escape with the aid of his devoted Michal, and he sought refuge at the home of the prophet Samuel, who had earlier anointed him as the future king:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And David had fled and gotten away and had come to Samuel at Ramah and told him all that Saul had done to him... And Saul sent messengers to take David, and they saw a band of prophets in ecstacy with Samuel standing poised over them, and the spirit of God came upon Saul\u2019s messengers and they, too, went into ecstasy...And Saul himself went to Ramah\u2026 and the spirit of God came upon him, too, and he walked along speaking in ecstasy.... And he, too, stripped off his clothes, and he, too, went into ecstasy before Samuel and lay naked all that day and all that night (19:18-24).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The king of Israel lay naked in an ecstatic state, stripped of his aura, exposed and incapacitated in front of the prophet and the rival he was desperately plotting to destroy. The verb that captures Saul\u2019s ecstatic state of mind in this passage - \u201cto prophesy\u201d - is the same verb that was used in the description of Saul\u2019s murderous rage. It signifies the unraveling of the self that is shared by both states. The frenzied attempt to hold onto power made Saul internally powerless. Naked and therefore stripped out of the regalia of power, his manic breakdown was an outcome of the corrosive effects of this pursuit. Lying naked and dispossessed of all the marks of authority, Saul\u2019s personal weakness and emotional breakdown became manifest. That kind of mental collapse, in its extreme forms, is displayed in two ways - in an incapacity to hide one\u2019s inner life culminating in the dissolving of the boundaries of the self, and in a radical vacillation of moods and attitudes, caused by a hypersensitivity associating with psychic overexposure and the unraveling of one\u2019s personality. The reigning king was afflicted with undefended transparency and vertiginous emotional instability.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Excerpts from \u201cThe Beginning of Politics: Power in the Biblical Book of Samuel\u201d \u2013 Moshe Halbertal and Stephen Holmes, Princeton University Press, 2017, pp.36-8. By permission of the author.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":56668,"alt":"","title":"halbertal-book 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from:\u201cThe Beginning of Politics: Power in the Biblical Book of Samuel\u201d ","tile_main_caption":"When The King Is Made To Prophesy","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"The reigning king was afflicted with vertiginous emotional instability","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":56668,"alt":"","title":"halbertal-book 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He was born in Toronto, Canada, and lived in Israel for six years, two years when was a fellow in the Pardes Educators\u2019 Program, earned a graduate degree in Jewish education from Hebrew College and received his rabbinic ordination (he is a Talmid of Rav Daniel Landes). ","short_description":"Avi Spodek is the Rabbinics Department Chair at the Frankel Jewish Academy of Metro Detroit.\r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":42589,"alt":"","title":"avi spodek","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-e1540274719836.jpg","width":800,"height":988,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-e1540274719836-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-e1540274719836-243x300.jpg","medium-width":243,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-e1540274719836-768x948.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":948,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-616x1024.jpg","large-width":616,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-e1540274719836.jpg","1536x1536-width":800,"1536x1536-height":988,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-e1540274719836.jpg","2048x2048-width":800,"2048x2048-height":988,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-722x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":722,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/avi-spodek-e1540274719836-340x420.jpg","home_baner-width":340,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"251","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Being a king is a hard job, but being a parent is even harder","post_main_content_content":"

The rabbinic concept of \u201cmidah k\u2019neged midah<\/em>\u201d (lit., \u201cmeasure for measure\u201d), posits that when God metes out punishment, \u201cthe punishment fits the crime\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

An example of this appears in Chapter 15, when King Saul is chastised by Samuel for his failure to wipe out Amalek in its entirety. He is informed that - due to his \u201crejection\u201d of God\u2019s command - he is now \u201crejected\u201d as king of Israel, and that another would eventually take his place.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rejection is punished with rejection. In Chapter 19, we see this idea in action again, in a story of betrayal and deceit of King Saul by his own children, Jonathan and Michal.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

It opens with a jealous King Saul confiding in his son, Jonthan that he wishes David dead. Saul\u2019s confidence is immediately betrayed, as Jonathan runs to David, tells him to hide and then manipulates his father into changing his mind about King David.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Jonathan\u2019s actions offer a momentary reprieve for David. Yet only one verse later (and after a war with the Philistines), King Saul attempts to kill David and he must run for his life.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

David first flees home, where his wife Michal (King Saul\u2019s daughter) advises him to escape out the window to avoid the king\u2019s soldiers who had come to arrest him. She then aids his escape by hiding a figure in their bed and telling the arresting officers that David could not come before the king because he was sick. When King Saul shows up at his daughter\u2019s home and the ruse is uncovered, Michal explains to her father that she lied because David threatened to kill her if she did not.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

To understand this story as an example of \u201cmidah k\u2019neged midah<\/em>\u201d the reader must again reference back to Chapter 15.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

A close reading reveals that King Saul not only sinned against God by rejecting God\u2019s word but also transgressed against Samuel. He betrayed his trust by acting independently as a king, with little regard to who got him there and greater concern for a fellow king. And when confronted with the truth he piled lie upon lie upon lie to deceive Samuel.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Betrayal and deceit is punished by betrayal and deceit.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

All this works fine with the concept of \u201cmidah k\u2019neged midah<\/em>\u201d, yet there is another reading of this story that reveals a much more mundane truth: that children do as they see, not as they are told.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In this reading, Saul\u2019s children \u201cwitnessed\u201d his betrayal and deception of Samuel. As such, their actions reflected what they learned from their father; not some divine intervention.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Tragically Saul\u2019s children betrayed him, it is even more tragic that it was his own fault!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Being a king is a hard job, but being a parent is even harder.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":50775,"alt":"","title":"dt16-justice-mercy","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","width":294,"height":250,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","medium-width":294,"medium-height":250,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","medium_large-width":294,"medium_large-height":250,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","large-width":294,"large-height":250,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","1536x1536-width":294,"1536x1536-height":250,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","2048x2048-width":294,"2048x2048-height":250,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","post_full_size-width":294,"post_full_size-height":250,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","home_baner-width":294,"home_baner-height":250}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Measure For Measure: Saul\u2019s Punishments Fit His Crimes\u00a0","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Being a king is a hard job, but being a parent is even harder","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":50775,"alt":"","title":"dt16-justice-mercy","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","width":294,"height":250,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","medium-width":294,"medium-height":250,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","medium_large-width":294,"medium_large-height":250,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","large-width":294,"large-height":250,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","1536x1536-width":294,"1536x1536-height":250,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","2048x2048-width":294,"2048x2048-height":250,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","post_full_size-width":294,"post_full_size-height":250,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/dt16-justice-mercy.jpg","home_baner-width":294,"home_baner-height":250}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"428","name":"Parent","old_id":"828"},{"term_id":"529","name":"Children","old_id":"929"},{"term_id":"547","name":"Punishment","old_id":"947"},{"term_id":"885","name":"Saul","old_id":"1285"}]},{"order":9,"id":"57913","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Biblical Snapshots: The King Has No Clothes! 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Blumenthal and filmed by Ardon Bar-Hama)","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"https:\/\/youtu.be\/g5t-lnAEM64","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"369","name":"Visual Arts","old_id":"769"}]},{"order":10,"id":"58444","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"David\u2019s Flight from Saul ","post_title":"David\u2019s Flight From Saul","slug":"davids-flight-from-saul","old_id":"58444","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33877,"post_title":"Marc Bregman","slug":"marc-bregman","old_id":"33877","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bregman","description":"Marc Bregman received his Ph.D. from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1991. 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Our chapter details the repeated attempts of Saul to kill David. In I Samuel 19:9-10, David makes good his escape, after Saul tries to pin him to the wall with his spear. In the continuation we are told that \u201cSaul sent men to David\u2019s house to watch it and to kill him in the morning. But Michal, David\u2019s wife, warned him, \u2018If you don\u2019t run for your life tonight, tomorrow you\u2019ll be killed\u2019. So, Michal let David down through a window, and he fled and escaped. Then Michal took an idol and laid it on the bed, covering it with a garment and putting some goats\u2019 hair at the head\u201d to make it look like David was sick in bed (verses 11-13). The extensive narrative of how David avoided being killed by Saul continues: \u201cWhen David had fled and made his escape, he went to Samuel at Ramah\u2026\u201d (verse 18).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Midrash (Tanhuma Buber, Mas\u2019e 1 and parallels) relates this to a Halakhic question: \u201cLet our Master teach us-- May one pursued by foreign soldiers or by robbers flee in violation of some Halakhic prohibition? The answer to this question is cited from Mishnah Rosh HaShannah 2:5. Our Rabbis taught: One pursued by foreign soldiers or by robbers may even violate the Shabbat by fleeing. Our Midrash continues that this is what David did when Saul was trying to kill him. David fled from before Saul and escaped (verse 18).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This Midrashic tradition is in line with the general principle of Piquah Nefesh \u2013 That one may violate most commandments to save human life, for the commandments were given, not to die by them, but \u201cto live by them\u201d (Leviticus 18:5).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

To illustrate this Halakhic principle, the Midrash continues with a story from Rabbinic times. Our Rabbis said: It once happened that evil decrees [to kill all the Jews] from the Roman government were brought to the leaders of the Jewish community of Zepphoris. They went and informed Rabbi Eleazar ben Perata, saying: Master, evil decrees have been brought to us from the government. What do you advise? Shall we flee?\u2019 He answered them by citing Scriptural example. He said to them: Why ask me? Go and ask Jacob and Moses and David! Of Jacob it is written: \u201cJacob fled to the country of Aram\u201d (Hosea 12:13, see Genesis 27:41-28:7). And similarly of Moses we are told that after he killed an Egyptian that was beating an Israelite, he realized he needed to flee: \u201cWhen Pharaoh heard of this, he tried to kill Moses, but Moses fled from Pharaoh and went to live in Midian\u201d (Exodus 2:15). And indeed, the same is said of David: \u201cAnd when David had fled and made his escape, he went to Samuel at Ramah\u2026\u201d (verse 18).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And so, we see that David, like Jacob and Moses before him, had no hesitation to flee when his life was clearly in danger.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Jos\u00e9 (Jusepe) Leonardo de Chavier, David Before Saul \/ wikimedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":58445,"alt":"","title":"isam19-davids flight","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","width":360,"height":480,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight-150x150.jpeg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight-225x300.jpeg","medium-width":225,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","medium_large-width":360,"medium_large-height":480,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","large-width":360,"large-height":480,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","1536x1536-width":360,"1536x1536-height":480,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","2048x2048-width":360,"2048x2048-height":480,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","post_full_size-width":360,"post_full_size-height":480,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight-315x420.jpeg","home_baner-width":315,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"David\u2019s Flight From Saul","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"There was good precedent to run away\u2026","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":58445,"alt":"","title":"isam19-davids flight","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","width":360,"height":480,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight-150x150.jpeg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight-225x300.jpeg","medium-width":225,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","medium_large-width":360,"medium_large-height":480,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","large-width":360,"large-height":480,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","1536x1536-width":360,"1536x1536-height":480,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","2048x2048-width":360,"2048x2048-height":480,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight.jpeg","post_full_size-width":360,"post_full_size-height":480,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-davids-flight-315x420.jpeg","home_baner-width":315,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"363","name":"Midrash","old_id":"763"},{"term_id":"834","name":"David","old_id":"1234"},{"term_id":"885","name":"Saul","old_id":"1285"}]},{"order":11,"id":"112000","color":"#f6edf6","size":"1","name":"The Tanakh Podcast-ISam19 ","post_title":"The Tanakh Podcast-ISam19","slug":"the-tanakh-podcast-isam19","old_id":"112000","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33692,"post_title":"Alex Israel","slug":"33692-2","old_id":"33692","first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Israel","description":"Alex Israel teaches Tanakh at the Pardes Institute, Yeshivat Eretz Hatzvi and Matan, Jerusalem. His first book \"I Kings - Torn in Two\" was published in 2013. See his website www.alexisrael.org, and his podcasts at https:\/\/elmad.pardes.org\/ and https:\/\/tanachstudy.com\/ \r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Alex Israel teaches Tanakh at the Pardes Institute, Yeshivat Eretz Hatzvi and Matan, Jerusalem.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33693,"alt":"","title":"alex israel","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","width":1657,"height":2500,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-199x300.jpg","medium-width":199,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-679x1024.jpg","medium_large-width":679,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-679x1024.jpg","large-width":679,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","1536x1536-width":1018,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel.jpg","2048x2048-width":1357,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-795x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":795,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/alex-israel-278x420.jpg","home_baner-width":278,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"251","type_929":"4","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"The Tanakh Podcast","tile_main_caption":"I Samuel 19: Three Assassination Attempts","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Saul intends to have David killed. David escapes two of the attempts by his own means, and the third by divine means.","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":108885,"alt":"","title":"-635baf915f04f--635baf915f050tanakh podcast - Alex Israel.JPG","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG.jpg","width":350,"height":352,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG-298x300.jpg","medium-width":298,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG.jpg","medium_large-width":350,"medium_large-height":352,"large":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG.jpg","large-width":350,"large-height":352,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG.jpg","1536x1536-width":350,"1536x1536-height":352,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG.jpg","2048x2048-width":350,"2048x2048-height":352,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG.jpg","post_full_size-width":350,"post_full_size-height":352,"home_baner":"https:\/\/cetwpuploads.blob.core.windows.net\/wp929\/uploads\/2022\/10\/635baf915f04f-635baf915f050tanakh-podcast-Alex-Israel.JPG.jpg","home_baner-width":350,"home_baner-height":352}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/episode\/0JyLEQsDxnhsVjp6BFV09G","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"589","name":"audio","old_id":"989"},{"term_id":"857","name":"podcast","old_id":"1257"}]},{"order":12,"id":"58449","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Same Stories, Opposite Significance ","post_title":"Same Stories, Opposite Significance","slug":"same-stories-opposite-significance","old_id":"58449","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":36277,"post_title":"Yedidya Sinclair","slug":"yedidya-sinclair","old_id":"36277","first_name":"Yedidya","last_name":"Sinclair","description":"Rabbi Yedidya Sinclair serves as Senior Rabbinic Scholar at Hazon, the leading US Jewish environmental organization. From 2011-16 he was Vice President for Research and Senior Economist at Energiya Global, a Jerusalem-based solar energy company focused on the developing world and he continues to consult on renewable energy and climate change preparedness. In 2014 he published together with Hazon, a translation of Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook's great work on shmitta, the Sabbatical year, \"Introduction to Shabbat Ha'aretz.\" Yedidya holds a BA from Oxford University, an MPA from the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard and lives with his family in Jerusalem.","short_description":"Yedidya Sinclair is a Jerusalem-based rabbi and economist, and is Senior Rabbinic Scholar at Hazon. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":36278,"alt":"","title":"yedidya sinclair","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair.jpg","width":200,"height":200,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair.jpg","medium-width":200,"medium-height":200,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair.jpg","medium_large-width":200,"medium_large-height":200,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair.jpg","large-width":200,"large-height":200,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair.jpg","1536x1536-width":200,"1536x1536-height":200,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair.jpg","2048x2048-width":200,"2048x2048-height":200,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair.jpg","post_full_size-width":200,"post_full_size-height":200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/yedidya-sinclair.jpg","home_baner-width":200,"home_baner-height":200}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"251","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"From promising rise and ignominious fall","post_main_content_content":"

A weird episode, confusing on multiple levels, ends today\u2019s chapter. David, on the run from Saul, takes refuge with Samuel at Ramah. Saul sends three bands of soldiers to kill David, and each is diverted from their mission when a \u201cspirit of God\u201d comes over them causing them to prophesy. Finally, Saul who has obtusely failed to learn from what happened to his soldiers, comes after David himself. The prophetic spirit of God seizes Saul too, making him \u201cstrip off his clothes\u2026 and lie naked all that day and night.\u201d This, concludes the narrator, is why people say, \u201cis Saul too among the prophets?\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

However, regular 929 readers will recall that less than two weeks ago, we read a rather different origin story for this popular proverb. In chapter 10, when Samuel has just anointed Saul king, Saul encounters a band of prophets playing music, and an ecstatic spirit of God comes over him. Seeing this, people say, \u201cwhat\u2019s happened to the son of Kish? Is Saul too among the prophets?\u201d (10:11) This, the narrator says as an aside, is where the proverb comes from.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

So, we have two different stories that both purport to be the origin of the expression \u201cis Saul too among the prophets?\u201d Which is the real source?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The <\/span>Da\u2019at Mikra<\/span><\/i> commentary points out the sharp difference in tone and resonance between the two cases. At the outset of Saul\u2019s career, people expressed astonishment that an obscure young man with no previously noticed aptitude or preparation for prophecy should receive the spirit of God. This was a portent of a great future.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In today\u2019s chapter, on the other hand, \u201cis Saul also among the prophets?\u201d is an utterance of surprise that the king of Israel should behave like one of Samuel\u2019s neophyte followers, leading him to act in such a degraded way. Now in Saul\u2019s decline, the proverb expresses wonder at how low the king has fallen as he struggles with the divine spirit that is on the point of leaving him for ever.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rabbi Amnon Bazak points out that after this episode, we hear no more of the \u201cevil spirit\u201d that has filled Saul for the past three chapters. No longer possessed by spirits good or evil, he becomes an ordinary mortal.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The two events where Saul prophesies bracket his promising rise and ignominious fall. Together, they represent his struggle and ultimate failure to receive, hold and domesticate the divine spirit. They are bookends of one story.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In this sense, both episodes are origins of \u201cIs Saul too among the prophets?\u201d Taken together they express the tragic incongruity of Saul\u2019s career, as an unknown donkey herd unprepared and unable to handle the greatness that was thrust upon him.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":58450,"alt":"","title":"isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet.jpg","width":1628,"height":1284,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet-300x237.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":237,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet-768x606.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":606,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet-1024x808.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":808,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1211,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet.jpg","2048x2048-width":1628,"2048x2048-height":1284,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet-1200x946.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":946,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-Saul-behaving-as-a-prophet-533x420.jpg","home_baner-width":533,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Same 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When Samuel dispatched Saul home after their initial encounter, one of the signs he gave him to affirm his selection as king was that he would meet a cohort of prophets and would join them in prophesying (10:5-6). When it actually came to pass (10:10 ff.), it was so striking that an adage (<\/span>mashal<\/span><\/em>) was coined: \u201cIs Saul, too, a prophet?\u201d (10:12).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In this chapter, that refrain is repeated. After Michal, Saul\u2019s daughter and David\u2019s wife, aided and abetted David\u2019s escape, Saul sent his agents to arrest him. When two groups of agents succumbed to the charms of a cohort of prophets led by Samuel himself, Saul decided to take matters into his own hands and he set out after David as well. He, too, encountered this cohort of prophets and he, too, joined in their prophesying (23). This time, however, there was a significant departure from precedent:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And he also stripped off his clothes, and he also prophesied before Samuel, and lay down naked all that day and all that night. Wherefore they say: \u201cIs Saul also among the prophets?\u201d (24)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The inappropriateness of this behavior was not lost on most of the medieval exegetes who interpreted \u201chis clothes\u201d to be, specifically, his royal garb, which he removed in order to appear no differently from the other prophets. As Rashi wrote: \u201cHe removed his royal garments, to put on a disciple\u2019s garments.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Radak, however, appreciating that the addition of the word \u201calso\u201d (<\/span>gam<\/span><\/em>) implied that the other prophets had removed their clothes as well, explained the strange activity as follows:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

When prophecy overcomes a person, his senses are nullified and he falls down, as it states of Balaam: \u201cHe fell down with his eyes open\u201d (Numbers 24:4, 16) and of Daniel: \u201cI was sound asleep, prostrate, with my face in the ground\u201d (10:9). Frequently, it also occurred that he would remove his clothes on account of the nullification of his senses and his conscious thoughts, remaining on an exclusively rational plane.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In other words, since prophecy\u2014according to Maimonides and his followers, including Radak\u2014is the perfection of the intellect, a prophetic state is one in which ordinary, corporeal, sensations, such as the need to be clothed, are overridden.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Saul Among The Prophets, by a follower of (James) Jacques-Joseph Tissot, French, 1836-1902 \/ wikimedia<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":58439,"alt":"","title":"isam19-saul prophesying","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","width":300,"height":225,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying-300x225.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":225,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":225,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":225,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":225,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":225,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":225,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":225}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Naked Prophets","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Is Saul too A prophet?","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":58439,"alt":"","title":"isam19-saul prophesying","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","width":300,"height":225,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying-300x225.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":225,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":225,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":225,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":225,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":225,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":225,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/isam19-saul-prophesying.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":225}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"506","name":"Prophecy","old_id":"906"},{"term_id":"885","name":"Saul","old_id":"1285"}]},{"order":14,"id":"58428","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Tomorrow You'll Be Dead ","post_title":"Tomorrow You'll Be Dead","slug":"tomorrow-youll-be-dead","old_id":"58428","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":54356,"post_title":"Robert Alter","slug":"robert-alter","old_id":"54356","first_name":"Robert ","last_name":"Alter","description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, where he has taught since 1967. He has written over twenty books, focusing on such topics as the European novel from the 18th century to the present, contemporary American fiction, and modern Hebrew literature. He has also written extensively on the literary aspects of the Bible. His most recent work is his monumental three volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019 - from which the selections in 929 are taken. ","short_description":"Robert Alter is the Class of 1937 Professor of Hebrew and Comparative Literature at the University of California at Berkeley, and author of the three-volume translation of the entire Hebrew Bible - The Hebrew Bible, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":54357,"alt":"","title":"robert alter","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","width":184,"height":275,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium-width":184,"medium-height":275,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","medium_large-width":184,"medium_large-height":275,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","large-width":184,"large-height":275,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","1536x1536-width":184,"1536x1536-height":275,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","2048x2048-width":184,"2048x2048-height":275,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","post_full_size-width":184,"post_full_size-height":275,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/robert-alter.jpg","home_baner-width":184,"home_baner-height":275}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"251","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Michal risks a great deal - but what is David feeling about all this?","post_main_content_content":"

And Saul sent messengers to David\u2019s house to keep watch over him and to put him to death in the morning. And Michal his wife told David, saying, \u201cIf you do not get yourself away tonight, tomorrow you\u2019ll be dead.\u201d (19:11)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Commentary: <\/span>If you do not get yourself away tonight, tomorrow you\u2019ll be dead<\/span><\/i><\/p>\r\n

It is striking that we are given Michal\u2019s urgent dialogue here but not a word of response from David, only the chain of his rapid actions after she lets him down (by an improvised rope?) from the window- \"he went off and fled and got away.\" Perhaps this asymmetrical presentation of the two characters is meant to suggest David\u2019s breathless flight, with no time for conversation. In any case, it continues the pattern of occluding David\u2019s inner responses that we observed in chapter 18. Michal is risking a great deal in order to save David. We have no idea about his feelings towards her as she does this.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

From: Robert Alter, <\/span>The Hebrew Bible<\/span><\/em>, <\/span><\/i>vol. 2: Prophets, W. W. Norton & Co., 2019, ad loc. By permission of the author\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"From Robert Alter's Bible Translation and Commentary","tile_main_caption":"Tomorrow You'll Be Dead","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Michal risks a great deal - but what is David feeling about all this?","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":54890,"alt":"","title":"Alter-Cover","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","width":1200,"height":693,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-300x173.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":173,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-768x444.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":444,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1024x591.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":591,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":693,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":693,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-1200x693.jpg","post_full_size-width":1200,"post_full_size-height":693,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Alter-Cover-727x420.jpg","home_baner-width":727,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"834","name":"David","old_id":"1234"},{"term_id":"894","name":"Michal","old_id":"1294"}]},{"order":15,"id":"57823","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Sefaria Source Sheets - I Samuel 19 ","post_title":"Sefaria Source Sheets - I Samuel 19","slug":"sefaria-source-sheets-i-samuel-19","old_id":"57823","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":42228,"post_title":"Sefaria","slug":"sefaria","old_id":"42228","first_name":"","last_name":"Sefaria","description":"Sefaria is a non-profit organization dedicated to building the future of Jewish learning in an open and participatory way. 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\u201cLGBT Tanach Texts\u201d<\/span><\/a> by Rachel Davidson: Where does queerness appear in the Bible?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cWives of David\u201d<\/span><\/a> by Gina Fass: Explore texts about some of David\u2019s family.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"Go deeper into the chapter....","tile_main_caption":"Sefaria Source Sheets - I Samuel 19","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Click to get links to learning resources","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":42232,"alt":"","title":"sefaria-words-sunburst","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/png","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","width":608,"height":395,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-150x150.png","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst-300x195.png","medium-width":300,"medium-height":195,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","medium_large-width":608,"medium_large-height":395,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","large-width":608,"large-height":395,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","1536x1536-width":608,"1536x1536-height":395,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","2048x2048-width":608,"2048x2048-height":395,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","post_full_size-width":608,"post_full_size-height":395,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/sefaria-words-sunburst.png","home_baner-width":608,"home_baner-height":395}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"Sefaria word sunburst visualization","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"I Samuel","chapter":"19","chapter_main_number":"251","date":"20260816","wall_id":"251"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":16,"id":"57797","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"A Lesson on the Daily Chapter- I Samuel 19 ","post_title":"A Lesson on the Daily Chapter- I Samuel 19","slug":"a-lesson-on-the-daily-chapter-i-samuel-19","old_id":"57797","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":40936,"post_title":"David Silber","slug":"david-silber-2","old_id":"40936","first_name":"David ","last_name":"Silber ","description":"Rabbi David Silber is the Founder and Dean of Drisha Institute for Jewish Education. 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    1. No excuses<\/span><\/i>. Saul is not prepared to accept David\u2019s alleged illness as an excuse for his absence. \u201cBring him up to me in the bed,\u201d he ordered, \u201cthat he may be put to death\u201d (verse 15).<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    2. Woman and idols<\/span><\/i>. Read verse 16 and then answer the question: who else fits this description: Idols + escape + hiding + fooling Dad + love? (Hint: she appeared about 220 chapters ago).<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    3. The king has no clothes<\/span><\/i>. In our corner entitled \u201cThe Symbolic Wardrobe of the Book of Samuel\u201d the king\u2019s clothes which Saul had removed appear in verse 24. If the clothes signify the status, and the stature, it\u2019s not hard to figure out what the nakedness means.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t
    4. \u201cIs Saul too among the prophets?\u201d <\/span>10 chapters ago, after Saul was anointed by Samuel, he \u201cprophesied\u201d and became a different person, and the phrase was coined: \u201cIs Saul too among the prophets?\u201d Actually the similarity in the situations, and in the wording, sever to highlight the contrast between that incident and this:\u00a0 the zenith and the nadir of his career.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

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