{"id":53031,"date":"2018-07-09T17:42:16","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T14:42:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wall\/wall-192\/"},"modified":"2022-10-31T07:39:25","modified_gmt":"2022-10-31T05:39:25","slug":"wall-192","status":"publish","type":"wall","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wall\/wall-192\/","title":{"rendered":"chapter-Prophets-Joshua-5"},"parent":0,"template":"","acf":{"type":"chapter","wall_id":"192","date":"20260525","book":"Joshua","chapter":"5","chapter_main_number":"192","books_group":"Prophets","hide_acf":true,"home_image":false,"home_posts":false,"home_posts_title":"","posts_home":[],"posts":[{"order":1,"id":"53065","color":"#f8ebe3","size":"1","name":"Joshua Chapter 5 - Read by Bruce Feiler ","post_title":"Joshua Chapter 5 - Read by Bruce Feiler","slug":"joshua-chapter-5-read-by-bruce-feiler","old_id":"53065","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34686,"post_title":"Soundcloud","slug":"soundcloud","old_id":"34686","first_name":"","last_name":"","description":"","short_description":"","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34656,"alt":"","title":"491","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","width":300,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/491-2.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"192","type_929":"4","show_author_image":true,"old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"","post_main_content_content":"","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"JPS Audio Bible","tile_main_caption":"Joshua 5","tile_main_caption_size":"2","tile_sub_caption":"read by Bruce Feiler","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"https:\/\/soundcloud.com\/929-bible\/jps-audio-bible_joshua_chapter-5-read-by-bruce-feiler","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","old_create_date":"","links":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joshua","chapter":"5","chapter_main_number":"192","date":"20260525","wall_id":"192"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":false},{"order":2,"id":"108915","color":"#f6edf6","size":"1","name":"Circum-size Me! ","post_title":"Circum-size Me!","slug":"circum-size-me","old_id":"108915","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":78133,"post_title":"Josh Blechner","slug":"josh-blechner","old_id":"78133","first_name":"Josh ","last_name":"Blechner ","description":"Josh first finished the Tanach during Yeshiva in Mevaseret Zion. He and his daughter studied the Tanach again for her bat mitzvah. Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group. When not studying for 929, Josh works as an in-house lawyer in New Jersey.","short_description":"Josh has taught many classes on Tanach throughout the years and currently in the New Rochelle 929 group, and is an in-house attorney in New Jersey. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":78134,"alt":"","title":"josh blechner","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","width":276,"height":351,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner-236x300.jpg","medium-width":236,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","medium_large-width":276,"medium_large-height":351,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","large-width":276,"large-height":351,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","1536x1536-width":276,"1536x1536-height":351,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","2048x2048-width":276,"2048x2048-height":351,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","post_full_size-width":276,"post_full_size-height":351,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/josh-blechner.jpg","home_baner-width":276,"home_baner-height":351}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"192","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"On circumcision, Pesach and the connections between the two\u2026\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

After crossing the Jordan, God instructs Joshua to make sure the people are circumcised. After the mass circumcision, the people celebrate Pesach. Both of these incidents are post-Exodus firsts. But what is the connection between circumcision and Pesach?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

On a halachic level there are two connections. The first is that uncircumcised males cannot partake of the Pesach offering as instructed in Exodus 12:48. The second connection is that Brit Milah and the Pesach offering are the only two positive commandments that one can be punished for not doing. It makes sense then, that God wanted the people to fulfill both of these commandments early on after their entry into the land.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

On an historical level, there is a parallel between these events and the events in Exodus. Before returning to Egypt, Tzipporah is forced to circumcise Moses (or their child - see Ex. 4:25). Moses agreed to return to Egypt, but he complained to God that he had a speech problem before speaking with Pharoah. He described it as \u201cuncircumcised lips\u201d (Ex. 6:30). God reassured Moses by providing the help of Aaron. It was only after these two \u201ccircumcisions\u201d that Moses was able to take the people out of Egypt. Now, 40 plus years later, the people are about to embark on the final arc of the Exodus narrative- conquering the land. The people may be unsure about this task. By linking the circumcision and Pesach, God reminds the people that Moses too was nervous and unsure of the task God set before him. But once he was circumcised, he was able to lead the nation out of Egypt.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This may also be the reason that after the circumcision here God says:\u2018\u201cToday I have rolled away from you the disgrace of Egypt\u2019\u201d (verse 9). Why was the lack of circumcision considered the disgrace of Egypt? No other nation was circumcised at the time and the people entering the land were not circumcised because of the travels in the wilderness, not because of Egypt. Perhaps God is referring to the mental disgrace of Egypt, where Moses would not believe that God could help him take the people out. Now that the people had rededicated themselves to God and reenacted the Exodus, they were ready for their task of conquering the land.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":102483,"alt":"","title":"-621bf82286358--621bf82286359gen17-bris 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Me!","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"On circumcision, Pesach and the connections between the two\u2026","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":102483,"alt":"","title":"-621bf82286358--621bf82286359gen17-bris 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End Of The Manna ","post_title":"The End Of The Manna","slug":"the-end-of-the-manna","old_id":"108917","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":62571,"post_title":"Yaakov Bieler","slug":"yaakov-bieler","old_id":"62571","first_name":"Yaakov ","last_name":"Bieler ","description":"Rabbi Yaakov Bieler has been involved in Jewish education and the synagogue Rabbinate in New York, NY and Silver Spring, MD since being ordained by Yeshiva University in 1974. He has lectured and written extensively on Modern Orthodoxy, and blogs daily at https:\/\/yaakovbieler.wordpress.com ","short_description":"Rabbi Yaakov Bieler has been involved in Jewish education and the synagogue Rabbinate in New York, NY and Silver Spring, MD since being ordained by Yeshiva University. ","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":62572,"alt":"","title":"OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","width":141,"height":180,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler-141x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":141,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","medium-width":141,"medium-height":180,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","medium_large-width":141,"medium_large-height":180,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","large-width":141,"large-height":180,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","1536x1536-width":141,"1536x1536-height":180,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","2048x2048-width":141,"2048x2048-height":180,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","post_full_size-width":141,"post_full_size-height":180,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/yaakov-bieler.jpg","home_baner-width":141,"home_baner-height":180}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"192","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Between dependence and self-reliance\r\n\r\n","post_main_content_content":"

In Joshua 5, another step in the process of replacing miracles with self-reliance is recorded, when the miraculous manna\u00a0 summarily ceased:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

On the day after the passover offering, on that very day, they ate of the produce of the country, unleavened bread and parched grain. On that same day,when they ate of the produce of the land, the manna ceased. The Israelites got no more manna; that year they ate of the yield of the land of Canaan (verses 11-12).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Rashi comments, based upon the textual juxtaposition of 1) eating the produce of the land, and 2) no longer having manna to rely upon, that people tend to take the path of least resistance, opting for something that is already prepared, instead of that which requires growing, harvesting, and preparation:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Israelites got no more manna<\/span><\/em>. <\/span><\/i>Therefore, they ate of the grain of the land. If they would have had manna, they would not have eaten of the grain, for the manna was agreeable to them.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Yet, it appears from Num. 11:6, that a significant transformation had taken place. Initially, at least some of the people did not find the manna all that \u201cagreeable,\u201d and they said rather disparagingly: \u201cNow our gullets are shriveled. There is nothing at all! Nothing but this manna to look to!\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Nachmanides explains that the people were not objecting to the quality of the food, but rather their\u00a0 dependency upon it, not knowing whether they would find it the next morning. The commentator relies on a different adage in order to explain what they are saying:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u2026And they said, \u201cNothing but this manna to look to,\u201d meaning that even the food on which we live, is not in our possession, so that our souls can be nourished and satisfied with it; but we desire it and look to it at all times, in anticipation that it will come to us; thus (<\/span>we have nothing at all<\/span><\/i>) save our hope for the manna. They thus gave expression to the known proverb:<\/span> \u201cOne cannot compare a person who has bread in his basket, with one who does not have bread in his basket\u201d (<\/span>Yoma 74 b<\/span><\/i>)<\/span>.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\r\n

According to Ibn Ezra, this was the very \u201ctest\u201d associated with the manna that God had intended for the people, and which members of the generation of the wilderness apparently failed:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

And God said to Moses, \u201cI will rain down bread for you from the sky, and the people shall go out and gather each day that day\u2019s portion\u2014that I may thus test them, to see whether they will follow My instructions or not (Exodus 16:4).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Ibn Ezra: \u201cThat I may thus test them\u201d - For they will daily need Me.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\r\n

This is another stark contrast between the generation of the desert and the generation entering the Promised Land.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":"","post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"The End Of The Manna","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Between dependence and self-reliance","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":"","tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_link_for_pay":"0","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joshua","chapter":"5","chapter_main_number":"192","date":"20260525","wall_id":"192"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"430","name":"Land of Israel","old_id":"830"},{"term_id":"637","name":"Manna","old_id":"1037"}]},{"order":4,"id":"53328","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Remove Those Army Boots! ","post_title":"Remove Those Army Boots!","slug":"remove-those-army-boots","old_id":"53328","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":53309,"post_title":"Michael Hattin","slug":"michael-hattin","old_id":"53309","first_name":"Michael ","last_name":"Hattin ","description":"Rabbi Michael Hattin teaches Tanakh at Pardes in Jerusalem and serves as the Director of the Beit Midrash for the Pardes Center for Jewish Educators. He studied for rabbinic ordination at Yeshivat Har Etzion and holds a professional degree in architecture from the University of Toronto. Michael is the author of Passages: Text and Transformation in the Parasha (2012), and Joshua: The Challenge of the Promised Land (Koren, 2015). He lives in Alon Shevut with his wife Rivka and their five children.","short_description":"Rabbi Michael Hattin teaches Tanakh at Pardes in Jerusalem and serves as the Director of the Beit Midrash for the Pardes Center for Jewish Educators.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":53310,"alt":"","title":"Michael Hattin","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin.jpg","width":2237,"height":3362,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin-200x300.jpg","medium-width":200,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin-681x1024.jpg","medium_large-width":681,"medium_large-height":1024,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin-681x1024.jpg","large-width":681,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin.jpg","1536x1536-width":1022,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin.jpg","2048x2048-width":1363,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin-798x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":798,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Michael-Hattin-279x420.jpg","home_baner-width":279,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"192","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"Canaan: flashpoint of conflict, yet hallowed ground","post_main_content_content":"

Having crossed the Jordan River, Israel now stands at the outskirts of Jericho, and their successful campaign against the city is introduced with the appearance of a mysterious, phantom-like figure. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

The dialogue between Joshua and the angel is obscure. In response to his query concerning the content of God\u2019s communication, the angel cryptically commands him to remove his footwear \u201cbecause the place upon which you stand is hallowed ground.\u201d This expression immediately calls to mind God\u2019s unexpected appearance to Moses at the episode of the burning bush (Ex. 3:1-10). <\/span><\/p>\r\n

But what is the hallowed earth that Joshua stands upon presently, if not the land of Canaan where he and the people have been carelessly treading for a number of days? Why does the angel appear to him only now, on the eve of Israel\u2019s first battle against the city-states of Canaan? How do the heartening words of the angel relate to his threatening posture?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Joshua and the people are about to embark upon a new phase of their mission, namely, the conquest of Canaan. As we all realize, there may be such a thing as a justified war, but there is no such thing as a kind one. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

It may be that Joshua, who had prevailed against Amalek in his younger years and was therefore no stranger to bloodshed, had been pondering these same tragic truths when the angel appeared to him bearing assurances of God\u2019s intervention and assistance. Enter the emissary of God bearing a drawn sword and a profound message: The land of Canaan, from time immemorial a flashpoint of conflict, is yet hallowed ground. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Joshua and Israel will prevail, the city of Jericho will fall, and the Canaanites will be defeated. But the people and their victorious armies must never lose sight of the land\u2019s sanctity, of a man\u2019s inherent worth, of the vision of a better world in which warfare is archaic and killing obsolete. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

God may countenance justified bloodshed, but He will not tolerate wanton cruelty. The concept of Canaan\u2019s hallowed earth implies an intimation of the divine, and a corresponding necessity to tread upon that land with greater care and heightened sensitivity. What is tolerable and considered natural in other lands, namely viciousness, violence, and cold-hearted cruelty, all committed in the name of victory, is wrong when perpetrated by God\u2019s nation, and out of place when committed in the land that is the focal point of God\u2019s concern.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: E. M. Lilian, \u201cJoshua\u201d 1908 \/ wikimedia<\/span><\/p>\r\n

from: Joshua: The Challenge of the Promised Land (Jerusalem: Koren, 2015); chapter: \u201cThe Angel of the Lord.\u201d <\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":53340,"alt":"","title":"jo5-joshua","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua.jpg","width":1200,"height":1358,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-265x300.jpg","medium-width":265,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-768x869.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":869,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-905x1024.jpg","large-width":905,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":1358,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":1358,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-1060x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1060,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-371x420.jpg","home_baner-width":371,"home_baner-height":420}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Remove Those Army Boots!","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"Canaan: flashpoint of conflict, yet hallowed ground","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":53340,"alt":"","title":"jo5-joshua","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua.jpg","width":1200,"height":1358,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-265x300.jpg","medium-width":265,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-768x869.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":869,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-905x1024.jpg","large-width":905,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua.jpg","1536x1536-width":1200,"1536x1536-height":1358,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua.jpg","2048x2048-width":1200,"2048x2048-height":1358,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-1060x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1060,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-joshua-371x420.jpg","home_baner-width":371,"home_baner-height":420}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joshua","chapter":"5","chapter_main_number":"192","date":"20260525","wall_id":"192"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"434","name":"War","old_id":"834"},{"term_id":"452","name":"Angel","old_id":"852"},{"term_id":"480","name":"Holiness","old_id":"880"},{"term_id":"806","name":"Joshua","old_id":"1206"}]},{"order":5,"id":"53325","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Circumcision \u2013 Then and Now ","post_title":"Circumcision \u2013 Then And Now","slug":"circumcision-then-and-now","old_id":"53325","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":33877,"post_title":"Marc Bregman","slug":"marc-bregman","old_id":"33877","first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Bregman","description":"Marc Bregman received his Ph.D. from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1991. He taught at the Hebrew Union College (Jerusalem), The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, the Schechter Institute for Judaic Studies in Jerusalem, and at the Ben-Gurion University in Beer Sheba, Israel. During 1993 he was Visiting Associate Professor at Yale University, and during 1996 he was the Stroum Professor of Jewish Studies and Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Washington in Seattle. During 2005, Bregman served as the Harry Starr Fellow in Judaica at Harvard University and was awarded a Teaching Fellowship at the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. He also has served as Forchheimer Visiting Professor in the Faculty of Humanities at The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He is the author of The Tanhuma-Yelammedenu Literature: Studies in the Evolution of the Versions (Gorgias Press, 2003). In 2006, Bregman was appointed the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro, where he also headed the program in Jewish Studies, until 2013. Bregman retired from UNCG as of July 31, 2017. He has now returned to Jerusalem where he is continuing his research and teaching activities.","credit":"","image_url":"","short_description":"Marc Bregman is the Herman and Zelda Bernard Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies emeritus, at the University of North Carolina in Greensboro.","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":33878,"alt":"Marc Bregman","title":"Marc Bregman","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","width":361,"height":488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-222x300.jpg","medium-width":222,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","medium_large-width":361,"medium_large-height":488,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","large-width":361,"large-height":488,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","1536x1536-width":361,"1536x1536-height":488,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","2048x2048-width":361,"2048x2048-height":488,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman.jpg","post_full_size-width":361,"post_full_size-height":488,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Marc-Bregman-311x420.jpg","home_baner-width":311,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"192","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"And the return of Elijah the Prophet, the \"Angel of the Covenant\"","post_main_content_content":"

Our chapter depicts the circumcision of those Israelites who had not actually made the Exodus from Egypt but had been born in the Desert when the practice of circumcision lapsed for forty years: \u201cAt that time the Lord said to Joshua: Make flint knives and circumcise the Israelites again. So, Joshua made flint knives and circumcised the Israelites at Giv\u2019at Ha-\u2018Aralot<\/em> [\u201cthe hill of the foreskins\u201d]\u201d (Joshua 5:2-3). <\/span><\/p>\r\n

The Midrash (Pirqe de-Rabbi Eliezer, Chapter 29) elaborates on this episode, making it the basis for a custom that is practiced to this day: Kise\u2019 Eliyahu<\/em>, The Chair of Elijah the Prophet. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

How did this come about? The People of Israel continued to practice circumcision throughout the period of the conquest of the Promised Land under the leadership of Joshua and the Judges and throughout the period of the United Monarchy. But when the kingdom divided after the reign of King Solomon, the Northern Kingdom of Israel ceased practicing circumcision (see Jubilees 15:33). <\/span><\/p>\r\n

Elijah the prophet, who was zealous for the Covenant of Brit Milah, prayed for a cessation of rain and dew as punishment for this violation of God\u2019s commandment. Jezebel, the evil queen of the Northern Kingdom, sought to have Elijah killed. So, like those before him -- Jacob, Moses and David -- Elijah fled for his life. He came to Mount Horeb in the Desert of Sinai, where the Torah had been given to Israel, and hid out in a cave there. God appeared to him there and asked: What are you doing here? Elijah answered: I have been very zealous (see I Kings 19:8-10)\u2014 that is, zealous for continuing the practice of circumcision. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

As a reward, God vowed to Elijah that whenever the Children of Israel make the Sign of the Circumcision in their flesh, Elijah will be present (see Zohar 1:93a). Therefore, the Rabbinic Sages instituted the custom that people should make a seat of honor for the Angel of the Covenant, Elijah. For it is Elijah the Prophet who is called the Angel of the Covenant, as it is said, \"And the Angel of the Covenant, in whom you delight, behold, he comes\u2026Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and terrible day of the LORD. And he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers\" (Malachai 3:1, 23-24). <\/span><\/p>\r\n

To this day, it is the custom to place a specially decorated chair in the room where the circumcision is taking place to make a place for Elijah the Prophet, the Angel of the Covenant of Circumcision, to be present at the ceremony (see Shulhan Arukh, Yoreh De\u2019ah 265:11).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Image: Chair of Elijah -\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/yi.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=6030<\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":53357,"alt":"","title":"jo5-Chair_of_Elijah","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","width":232,"height":400,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2-174x300.jpg","medium-width":174,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","medium_large-width":232,"medium_large-height":400,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","large-width":232,"large-height":400,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","1536x1536-width":232,"1536x1536-height":400,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","2048x2048-width":232,"2048x2048-height":400,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","post_full_size-width":232,"post_full_size-height":400,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","home_baner-width":232,"home_baner-height":400}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Circumcision \u2013 Then And Now","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"And the return of Elijah the Prophet, the \"Angel of the Covenant\"","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":53357,"alt":"","title":"jo5-Chair_of_Elijah","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","width":232,"height":400,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2-174x300.jpg","medium-width":174,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","medium_large-width":232,"medium_large-height":400,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","large-width":232,"large-height":400,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","1536x1536-width":232,"1536x1536-height":400,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","2048x2048-width":232,"2048x2048-height":400,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","post_full_size-width":232,"post_full_size-height":400,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-Chair_of_Elijah-2.jpg","home_baner-width":232,"home_baner-height":400}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joshua","chapter":"5","chapter_main_number":"192","date":"20260525","wall_id":"192"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"363","name":"Midrash","old_id":"763"},{"term_id":"395","name":"Covenant","old_id":"795"},{"term_id":"448","name":"Ritual","old_id":"848"},{"term_id":"549","name":"Circumcision","old_id":"949"},{"term_id":"858","name":"Elijah","old_id":"1258"}]},{"order":6,"id":"53342","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Power, Settlement, Dedication ","post_title":"Power, Settlement, Dedication","slug":"power-settlement-dedication","old_id":"53342","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":52866,"post_title":"Shani Abramowitz","slug":"shani-abramowitz","old_id":"52866","first_name":"Shani ","last_name":"Abramowitz ","description":"Shani Abramowitz is a poet, community organizer, and Jewish educator. Originally from the Chicago-area, Shani is in her third year of rabbinical school at JTS, and currently works as a rabbinic organizer at the New Israel Fund. ","short_description":"Shani Abramowitz is a poet, community organizer, and Jewish educator.","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":52867,"alt":"","title":"shani abramowitz","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz.jpg","width":139,"height":156,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz-139x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":139,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz.jpg","medium-width":139,"medium-height":156,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz.jpg","medium_large-width":139,"medium_large-height":156,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz.jpg","large-width":139,"large-height":156,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz.jpg","1536x1536-width":139,"1536x1536-height":156,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz.jpg","2048x2048-width":139,"2048x2048-height":156,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz.jpg","post_full_size-width":139,"post_full_size-height":156,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/shani-abramowitz.jpg","home_baner-width":139,"home_baner-height":156}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"192","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"A profound commitment, harkening back to the promise of Abraham and to when we became a free people","post_main_content_content":"

When we arrive in the fifth chapter of the book of Joshua, we are meeting a nation and a leader who are in transformation. The Jewish people have just crossed the Jordan River, and we are confronted with some of the very first experiences of power, settlement, and dedication.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In the second verse of this chapter, Joshua is commanded to provide a \u201c<\/em><\/span>second\u201d circumcision <\/span><\/em>to all of the Israelite men. So, Joshua follows God\u2019s command, and \u201cre\u201d-circumcises all of the men at <\/span>Giv\u2019at Ha\u2019aralot,<\/em> <\/span>literally translated as <\/span>Foreskin Hill<\/span><\/em>.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\r\n

The text goes on to explain why exactly this is necessary:<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u201cAll the people who had come out of Egypt, all the males of military age, had died during the desert wanderings after leaving Egypt. Now, whereas all the people who came out of Egypt had been circumcised, none of the people born after the exodus, during the desert wanderings, had been circumcised.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Further in the chapter, in verse 11, we read of the very first <\/span>Korban Pesach<\/span><\/em> (Passover sacrifice) that is offered in the Land of Israel. Having just crossed the Jordan, the Israelites are almost immediately required to celebrate Pesach, the paradigmatic origin story of the Jewish transition from oppression to freedom.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The <\/span>Korban Pesach<\/span><\/em> gives us a communal lens through which we can thank God for bringing us to the place of our freedom. And we can see here, how this moment, of having just entered the Land of Israel, is not dissimilar from the Exodus from Egypt.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Chapter 5 is particularly poignant because it offers two distinct, and sacred, paradigms for re-committing to God: one that is achieved through the flesh, and one that is achieved through a communal celebration and meal. In both instances, the Jewish people are making a profound commitment, one that harkens back to the promise of Abraham and simultaneously to that moment in which we became a free people, ready to express our national will, that makes a great claim on the unfolding project of the Jewish people.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

These two paradigms for re-committing to God may, and perhaps must, also serve as an important cautionary tale about confronting some of the earliest moments of conquest, war, and nationalism. We read this chapter and must remember that in making a physical, bodily oath, and while sitting with the community offering praise and thanks for our redemption and safe passage from Egypt, the community affirms that it is committed to something larger than itself, a form of accountability that sees the role of the Divine working in concert with the political will and actions of the people. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

We must read this chapter and understand the deep warning embedded within it: that the power, conquest, and national identity that the Jewish people are about to achieve, depends entirely upon God.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":53345,"alt":"","title":"jo5-gilgal","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","width":900,"height":386,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal-300x129.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":129,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal-768x329.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":329,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","large-width":900,"large-height":386,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","1536x1536-width":900,"1536x1536-height":386,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","2048x2048-width":900,"2048x2048-height":386,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","post_full_size-width":900,"post_full_size-height":386,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","home_baner-width":900,"home_baner-height":386}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Power, Settlement, Dedication","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"A profound commitment, harkening back to the promise of Abraham and to when we became a free people","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":53345,"alt":"","title":"jo5-gilgal","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","width":900,"height":386,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal-300x129.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":129,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal-768x329.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":329,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","large-width":900,"large-height":386,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","1536x1536-width":900,"1536x1536-height":386,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","2048x2048-width":900,"2048x2048-height":386,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","post_full_size-width":900,"post_full_size-height":386,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-gilgal.jpg","home_baner-width":900,"home_baner-height":386}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joshua","chapter":"5","chapter_main_number":"192","date":"20260525","wall_id":"192"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"384","name":"God","old_id":"784"},{"term_id":"395","name":"Covenant","old_id":"795"},{"term_id":"549","name":"Circumcision","old_id":"949"},{"term_id":"597","name":"Pesach","old_id":"997"}]},{"order":7,"id":"53036","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"2","name":"Bible 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Arts","old_id":"769"}]},{"order":8,"id":"53347","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Circumcision, Yes; Manna, Not Any More ","post_title":"Circumcision, Yes; Manna, Not Any More","slug":"circumcision-yes-manna-not-any-more","old_id":"53347","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":34243,"post_title":"Moshe Sokolow","slug":"moshe-sokolow","old_id":"34243","first_name":"Moshe","last_name":"Sokolow","description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University, and teaches a weekly class in parashat hashavu`a at Lincoln Square Synagogue. He is the author of TANAKH: An Owner\u2019s Manual (Jerusalem: Urim\/Ktav, 2015).\r\n\r\n","short_description":"Dr. Moshe Sokolow is Associate Dean of the Azrieli Graduate School of Jewish Education and Administration, Yeshiva University","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":34244,"alt":"","title":"sokolow","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","width":302,"height":300,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow-300x298.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":298,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","medium_large-width":302,"medium_large-height":300,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","large-width":302,"large-height":300,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","1536x1536-width":302,"1536x1536-height":300,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","2048x2048-width":302,"2048x2048-height":300,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","post_full_size-width":302,"post_full_size-height":300,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/sokolow.jpg","home_baner-width":302,"home_baner-height":300}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"192","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"The Israelites had to cut themselves\u2026 off from their previous lives","post_main_content_content":"

Our chapter features two immediate consequences of the Israelites\u2019 entry into their own land. The first is the renewal of circumcision, and the other is the cessation of the manna. Both, while manifested physically, are essentially spiritual.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

On the surface, Joshua\u2019s claim that the Israelites experienced mass circumcision prior to their departure from Egypt (5:5) appears to be baseless since no explicit reference is made to it in the Book of Exodus. From the perspective of traditional exegesis, however, it is implicit in what the Sages regarded as a process--akin to conversion--that also included immersion. As reported by Rambam (Maimonides):<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Israel entered into the covenant by way of three rites: circumcision, immersion, and sacrifice. Circumcision took place in Egypt\u2026 Immersion took place in the wilderness before the revelation of the Torah\u2026 [as did the sacrifices]. (<\/span>Hilkhot Issurei Bi\u2019ah <\/span><\/i>13:1-3)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The manna, to recall, began to fall shortly after the crossing of the Red Sea and remained a fixture of the Israelites\u2019 diet throughout their sojourn in the wilderness. To cite Exodus 16:35: \u201cThe Children of Israel ate the manna for forty years, until they reached settled country; they ate manna until they came to the edge of the Land of Canaan.\u201d Now, almost immediately upon crossing the Jordan, they had arrived at that \u201cedge\u201d and the manna ceased to fall and was replaced by \u201cthe local produce\u201d (5:12).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Throughout their divinely guided trek through the wilderness, the pillars of cloud and flame were adequate reminders of their elevated religious state. Now that they were entering the Land of Israel and were about to assume the responsibility for maintaining their own spirituality, they needed to resume circumcision as a sign of their particularity, and replace the manna from heaven with the \u201cseven species\u201d for which the Land of Israel is praiseworthy.<\/span><\/p>","post_main_content_image":{"id":53348,"alt":"","title":"jo5-flint knives","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","width":300,"height":225,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives-300x225.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":225,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":225,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":225,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":225,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":225,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":225,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":225}},"post_main_content_embedded_video":"","post_main_content_video_duration":"","post_main_content_show_fb_comments":"1","post_main_content_credit_media":"","tile_top_caption":"","tile_main_caption":"Circumcision, Yes; Manna, Not Any More","tile_main_caption_size":"1","tile_sub_caption":"The Israelites had to cut themselves\u2026 off from their previous lives","tile_preview_embedded":"","tile_preview_image":{"id":53348,"alt":"","title":"jo5-flint knives","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","width":300,"height":225,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives-300x225.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":225,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","medium_large-width":300,"medium_large-height":225,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","large-width":300,"large-height":225,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","1536x1536-width":300,"1536x1536-height":225,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","2048x2048-width":300,"2048x2048-height":225,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","post_full_size-width":300,"post_full_size-height":225,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/jo5-flint-knives.jpg","home_baner-width":300,"home_baner-height":225}},"tile_preview_video":"","tile_external_link":"","tile_tile_gallery_items":"","tile_credits":"","alternate_tile_top_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption":"","alternate_tile_main_caption_size":"1","alternate_tile_sub_caption":"","alternate_tile_hide_media":"0","tile_group_preview_image_url":"","tile_group_main_caption":"","tile_group_sub_caption":"","tile_group_popup_package_extra_content":"","tile_group_read_time":"","home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo_seo_title":"","seo_seo_description":"","seo_seo_default_title":"","seo_seo_default_description":"","links":false,"tile_link_for_pay":"0","send_noty":false,"chapter_info":{"books_group":"Prophets","book":"Joshua","chapter":"5","chapter_main_number":"192","date":"20260525","wall_id":"192"},"link_for_pay":false,"tags":[{"term_id":"549","name":"Circumcision","old_id":"949"},{"term_id":"616","name":"Spirit","old_id":"1016"},{"term_id":"637","name":"Manna","old_id":"1037"}]},{"order":9,"id":"53350","color":"#e2f4fa","size":"1","name":"Not Your Parents\u2019 Miracles\u2026 ","post_title":"Not Your Parents\u2019 Miracles\u2026","slug":"not-your-parents-miracles","old_id":"53350","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":{"id":46656,"post_title":"Molly Morris","slug":"molly-morris","old_id":"46656","first_name":"Molly ","last_name":"Morris ","description":"Molly Morris holds a Masters degree in Leadership and Community Engagement. Her particular area of interest is biblical leadership. Molly participates in the 929 initiative with a dedicated group from the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto congregation. \r\n\r\n","short_description":"Molly Morris holds a Masters degree in Leadership and Community Engagement. Molly participates in the 929 initiative with a dedicated group from the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto congregation. \r\n\r\n","credit":"","image_url":"","hide_writer":false,"link_for_pay":false,"image":{"id":92561,"alt":"","title":"molly morris","caption":"","description":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","width":2192,"height":2488,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-264x300.jpg","medium-width":264,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-768x872.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":872,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-902x1024.jpg","large-width":902,"large-height":1024,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","1536x1536-width":1353,"1536x1536-height":1536,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris.jpg","2048x2048-width":1804,"2048x2048-height":2048,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-1057x1200.jpg","post_full_size-width":1057,"post_full_size-height":1200,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/molly-morris-370x420.jpg","home_baner-width":370,"home_baner-height":420}},"tags":false},"related_cahpter":"192","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content_description":"But re-enactments of the familiar create a sense of stability that the Israelites need","post_main_content_content":"

In chapter 5 of Joshua, an angel appears to Joshua and tells him \u201cRemove your shoes from upon your feet, for the place upon which you stand is holy.\u201d The language used for this directive is identical to that used by God to Moses at the burning bush. This seeming replication of events is the third in the short span of time since Joshua took on the mantle of leadership. In chapter 2 Joshua dispatched two spies from Shittim to observe and report back on the land of Jericho. Though the outcome was quite different from when Moses sent spies into the Land of Canaan, the methodology is familiar. And in Chapter 3, we read about the miracle of the splitting of the Jordan River, again, very familiar to the miracle experienced by the Israelites at the Red Sea.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Throughout the latter chapters of Deuteronomy the Israelites are reminded that Moses will soon die and there will never again be a leader like Moses: they need to accept Joshua as their new leader. And yet, the early days of Joshua\u2019s rule are replete with reminders of Moses\u2019 rule, and one might think that these three replications of encounters, practices and miracles from Moses\u2019 leadership could risk sabotaging the efforts to move the Israelites forward with new leadership.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

Joshua understood, and God enabled the leadership practice that if your predecessor was well-loved and demonstrably effective, a new leader who waltzes in (even if appointed by God) and starts upsetting the status quo, creates unease and distrust in followers. These re-enactments of the familiar create a sense of stability that the Israelites need at this time. Good leaders, like Joshua, introduce change incrementally, as leader-follower trust builds.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

But, of course, the Israelites who witnessed the splitting of the Jordan River, were a different generation than those who crossed the Red Sea. The familiarity of the two events could not have been tangible to the followers of Joshua. And yet, the duplication of events suggests that God was counting on this generation\u2019s internalization of their parents\u2019 and grandparents\u2019 experiences. Perhaps this is a hint to the now-emerging theories of epigenetic inheritance that suggest that traumatic experiences affect DNA and are passed on to future generations. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

If so, then Joshua\u2019s generation of Israelites, and all future generations to come, have indeed in some genetic way as well as spiritually, lived the miracles experienced by Moses\u2019 generation. <\/span><\/p>\r\n

image: Gustave Dore, The Appearance of the Angel to Joshua \/ public 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\u201cCircumcision in the Bible\u201d<\/span><\/a> by Rabbi Drew Kaplan: Learn about this physical covenant as it appears in the Bible.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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