{"id":88701,"date":"2021-02-14T17:42:09","date_gmt":"2021-02-14T15:42:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/?p=88701"},"modified":"2021-02-14T17:42:09","modified_gmt":"2021-02-14T15:42:09","slug":"a-different-sort-of-baroque","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/a-different-sort-of-baroque\/","title":{"rendered":"A Different Sort of Baroque"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jan Dismas Zelenka (1679-1745): Dixit Dominus – Thus Spoke God\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Four psalms, 110-113, are generally included in Christian evening service – Vespers – on weekends and holidays, and thus have become among the most composed for in the entire psalter.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zelenka was one of the most important Baroque composers whose greatness and originality\u00a0 the music world acknowledged much later than they should have. His style was rhythmic, daring, independent and at times particularly complex: a real discovery for those who want to experience Baroque music that is a little different. He was born in a little village outside of Prague, and made Dresden his home, where he began as a violone player (the ancestor of the contrabass), and gradually became active <\/span>capelmeister<\/span><\/i>, in the royal chapel.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dresden was a predominantly Lutheran city, but in Zelenka\u2019s time, the city became \u201cCatholicized,\u201d and the composer had his hands full composing all sorts of Vesper services for different occasions, as well as collecting other Baroque works of the period, to fill in gaps in the liturgical repertoire.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This \u201cDixit Dominus\u201d (from 1725) was one of the works that Zelenka composed for Ps. 110. It\u2019s arranged for choir, soloists, and a small Baroque ensemble, including oboe. The energies of the Italian Baroque are quite noticeable in the writing for voice as well as strings. The work is composed of five movements. The first is a setting for the opening verse of the psalm. The second covers verses 2-5, while the dramatic third, and the fourth, present verses 6 and 7 respectively.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

There isn\u2019t space to describe the entire work in detail. Note though the parts that are similar to a chorale (as a remnant of the Protestant liturgy). For instance: \u201cwhile I make your enemies your footstool\u201d in the first section is sung with very elongated notes (similar to the chorale in Bach\u2019s \u201cSt. Matthew\u2019s Passion\u201d), against the very active background in the other voices. The melody, though, is taken from the Catholic rite.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

There are elements of chorale also in the second movement. Each of the verses in this part conclude in a chorale-like reprise of the words \u201chold sway over your enemies!\u201d (verse 2). The melody of the violin which opens this movement demonstrates as well Zelenka\u2019s deep connection to Bach, to whom he is equal in quality.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The fifth and concluding movement returns to the opening themes, but the words are the words of the Doxology, the core values of Christianity.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

J.D. Zelenka: Dixit Dominus in A minor ZWV 66, 2016<\/span><\/p>\n

Dixit Dominus for 4 Voices, Mixed Chorus, 2 Oboes, 2 Violins, 2 Violas and B.C. in A minor ZWV 66
\n<\/span>Prague Baroque Solists – Ensemble In\u00e9gal\u00a0
\n<\/span>Adam Viktora [director]<\/span><\/p>\n

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