{"id":88684,"date":"2021-02-11T14:57:52","date_gmt":"2021-02-11T12:57:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/?p=88684"},"modified":"2021-02-11T14:57:52","modified_gmt":"2021-02-11T12:57:52","slug":"satan-the-right-hand-man","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/satan-the-right-hand-man\/","title":{"rendered":"Satan, The Right-Hand Man"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The indefinite noun <\/span>satan<\/span><\/em> (accuser) appears in Tanakh only ten times. <\/span>Ha-Satan<\/span><\/em>, \u201cthe Accuser,\u201d appears 16 times, all but one in the Book of Job; the sixteenth is in the opening verse of Zachariah 3 (see <\/span>our comments there<\/span><\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\n

The presence of the definite article (<\/span>ha-<\/span><\/em>) indicates that <\/span>satan<\/span><\/em> is not a proper noun (one never says <\/span>the<\/span><\/em> Moses or <\/span>the<\/span><\/em> Abraham) and the <\/span>nun<\/span><\/i> at its end is a suffix often attached to a noun to indicate profession (e.g., <\/span>kablan<\/span><\/em>, a contractor, or <\/span>safran<\/span><\/em>, a librarian). Indeed, the proof that <\/span>satan<\/span><\/em> is a noun of profession derived from the verbal root S-U-T (or Sh-U-T) is explicit in Job 1:7. God asked the Satan: \u201cWhence do you come?,\u201d to which he replied: \u201cFrom roaming (<\/span>mi-shut<\/span><\/em>) the earth and crisscrossing it.\u201d A <\/span>satan<\/span><\/em> is one who is constantly on patrol\u2014looking for flaws in peoples\u2019 characters on which to capitalize.<\/span><\/p>\n

In our psalm, we find: \u201cThey answer my love with accusation (<\/span>yist\u2019nuni<\/span><\/em>) and I must stand judgment\u201d (4). This form is also utilized in an earlier psalm: <\/span>\u201c<\/span>Those who repay evil for good harass me (<\/span>yist\u2019nuni<\/span><\/em>) for pursuing good\u201d (38:21). The use of \u201cI must stand judgment\u201d for \u2018<\/em><\/span>ani<\/span> t\u2019fillah<\/span><\/em> reminds us that the verbal root P-L-L means to judge, and that a most appropriate translation for the reflexive verb <\/span>l\u2019hitpallel<\/span><\/em> is to be introspective.<\/span><\/p>\n

A singular ritual curiosity is related to verse 6: \u201cAppoint a wicked man over him; may an accuser stand at his right side.\u201d<\/span> Because the satan is described as standing to one\u2019s right (cf. Zachariah 3:1: \u201cHe further showed me Joshua, the high priest, standing before the angel of the Lord, and the Accuser standing at his right to accuse him\u201d), it was assumed that that is the position he always assumes. Hence, custom requires the shofar blower on Rosh ha-Shanah to place the ram\u2019s horn on the right side of his mouth facing outward, the better to \u201cconfound the accuser\u201d (<\/span>le-balbel et ha-satan<\/span><\/em>).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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