{"id":86153,"date":"2021-01-06T17:52:42","date_gmt":"2021-01-06T15:52:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/?p=86153"},"modified":"2021-01-06T17:52:42","modified_gmt":"2021-01-06T15:52:42","slug":"the-little-known-battle-at-en-dor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/the-little-known-battle-at-en-dor\/","title":{"rendered":"The Little Known Battle At En-Dor"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Our psalmist found himself surrounded by enemies on all sides (6-8) intent upon Israel\u2019s annihilation (5). Calling on God to intercede, he invoked Israel\u2019s past victories over its enemies, imploring Him to:<\/span><\/p>\n

Deal with them as You did with Midian, with Sisera, with Jabin, at the brook Kishon\u2014 who were destroyed at En-dor, who became dung for the field. Treat their great men like Oreb and Zeeb, all their princes like Zebah and Zalmunna, who said, \u201cLet us take the meadows of God as our possession.\u201d (10-12)<\/span><\/p>\n

Some of these historical references are clear. Midian was defeated by Gideon (Judges 7), and Sisera was the general of the army of Jabin, King of Hatzor, who was defeated by Deborah and Barak (Judges 4-5). Oreb and Zeeb were Midianite nobles and Zebah and Zalmunna were Midianite princes who were slain by the Israelites after the larger victory of Gideon over Midian.<\/span><\/p>\n

Most perplexing, however, is the intervening reference to those \u201cwho were destroyed at En-dor.\u201d En-dor is familiar to us from the incident that occurred there when King Saul, on the eve of his death at the hands of the Philistines, approached a witch and requested that she conjure up for him the spirit of the late prophet Samuel (1 Samuel 28:7). As no other historical reference is made to it elsewhere in Tanakh, to what victory is it alluding here?<\/span><\/p>\n

Rashi assumed that it refers to either the victory of Gideon over Midian or that of Barak over Jabin but admits that \u201cI don\u2019t know which of these battles took place at En-dor.\u201d Ibn Ezra, with greater certainty, declared: \u201cIt refers back to Midian; it is where they fell [before Gideon].\u201d Radak concurred: \u201cIt is about Midian, even though it is not mentioned in the Book of Judges,\u201d but added: \u201cSome say it refers to the battle against Sisera, since En-dor was in the territory of Manasseh\u2014along with Ta`anakh and Megiddo, which are mentioned in the Song of Deborah (Judges 5:19).\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Malbim, however, adduced additional evidence in support of the latter interpretation, pointing out that En-dor, along with Ta`anakh and Megiddo, are listed as Canaanite cities that withstood Israelite conquest at the time of Joshua (Joshua 17:11-12) and, arguably, were finally taken under Deborah and Barak.<\/span><\/p>\n

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