{"id":83098,"date":"2020-11-09T14:18:14","date_gmt":"2020-11-09T12:18:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/?p=83098"},"modified":"2020-11-09T14:18:14","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T12:18:14","slug":"a-well-heeled-heel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/a-well-heeled-heel\/","title":{"rendered":"A Well-Heeled Heel"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Our psalmist bemoans his personal fate. He is poor (2), has greedy enemies (3), falls ill both physically (4) and spiritually (5), and is the target of a conspiracy comprised of inveterate liars (7ff.). Adding insult to injury, he cannot even rely on his friends: <\/span>\u201c<\/span>My ally in whom I trusted, even he who shares my bread, has been utterly false to me\u201d (10). The Hebrew expression <\/span>higdil `alay `akeiv<\/span><\/em>, translated here (New JPS) as \u201cutterly false to me,\u201d bears elaboration.<\/span><\/p>\n

For the purpose of comparison, let us take the Old (1917) JPS translation: \u201c<\/span>Hath lifted up his heel against me,\u201d which is also the choice of the King James Bible. Both translations capture the essence of the Hebrew, each in its own fashion.<\/span><\/p>\n

Words in Hebrew usually begin their lives, so to speak, denoting real, tangible, entities; any figurative\u2014and certainly metaphorical\u2014usage comes later and is secondary. The word `<\/em><\/span>akeiv<\/span><\/em> primarily means a heel, as in the well-known description of the birth of Isaac and Rebecca\u2019s twins wherein Jacob was holding on to the `<\/em><\/span>akeiv<\/span><\/em> of Esau (Gen. 25:26). Secondarily, it denotes a specific physical activity in which the heel is prominently displayed: turning one\u2019s back. Hence, one who \u201clifts up his heel\u201d is being \u201cutterly false\u201d to the one against whom he is turning.<\/span><\/p>\n

An interesting aside: Malbim explained \u201che who shares my bread\u201d by invoking the figure of the royal food taster:<\/span><\/p>\n

Although I took care to take bread only from a faithful servant in whom I trusted not to do me harm, my ally, in whom I placed my confidence, turned against me and ambushed me\u2026 It was the custom of ancient kings that the servant who prepared and served their food was required to taste it first in order to demonstrate that there was nothing harmful in it, which is why the verse refers to him as \u201che who shares my bread.\u201d<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","image":{"ID":83099,"id":83099,"title":"ps41-lies deception","filename":"ps41-lies-deception.png","filesize":0,"url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/ps41-lies-deception.png","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/a-well-heeled-heel\/ps41-lies-deception\/","alt":"","author":"7","description":"","caption":"","name":"ps41-lies-deception","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":83098,"date":"2020-11-09 12:18:00","modified":"2020-11-09 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