{"id":79370,"date":"2020-08-30T00:05:57","date_gmt":"2020-08-29T21:05:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/?p=79370"},"modified":"2020-08-30T00:05:57","modified_gmt":"2020-08-29T21:05:57","slug":"four-chariots-four-kingdoms-four-winds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/four-chariots-four-kingdoms-four-winds\/","title":{"rendered":"Four Chariots, Four Kingdoms, Four Winds"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"entry-content\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[281],"tags":[],"acf":{"old_id":"79370","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":34243,"related_cahpter":"556","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content":{"description":"And a few theories\r\n\r\n","content":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zechariah saw four chariots emerging from between two copper mountains (1). One was drawn by red horses, one by black, the third by white, and the fourth by strong spotted horses (2-3). Rashi identified them with four kingdoms: Babylon, Medea, Greece, and Rome that\u2014successively\u2014subjugated the Land of Israel, the last of whose downfall was to usher in the era of the Messiah. This concept originated in Nebuchadnezzar\u2019s dream (Daniel 2) of a statue composed of different elements (head of gold, torso of silver, loins of bronze, legs of iron and feet of clay). Daniel identified the head as Babylon; Persia-Medea succeeded Babylon, so it was the torso; and Greece succeeded Persia so it was the loins. The identity of the fourth kingdom, however, remained moot throughout the middle ages, as exegetes in the Christian world\u2014such as Rashi\u2014assumed it was Rome-Byzantium-Christendom, while those in the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain assumed it was Islam.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rashi associated the colors, too, with these kingdoms. Gold (the precious metal) often casts a reddish hue, hence it suited Babylon, the golden head. Medea was black because \u201cthe faces of Israel were blackened\u201d by Haman, who served Ahasuerus, a Medan king. White, symbolizing goodness, belonged to Persia, whose King Darius allowed the Temple to be rebuilt. The spotted horses stood for Greece \u201cwho tortured Israel with various decrees and persecutions,\u201d and the adjective strong applied to Edom (Rome). (The appearance here of \u201cIshmael\u201d in many editions of Rashi is erroneous).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another approach to the color scheme was offered by Mordechai Zer Kavod in his commentary on Zechariah in the Da`at Mikra series (Jerusalem: Mosad HaRav Kook, 1976). Basing himself on the Angel\u2019s explanation, \u201cThose are the four winds of heaven\u201d (5), he connected red with the east, on account of the color of sunrise, black with north, where the sun shines least, white with the sand on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea to the west, and spotted for the color of the rocks in the southern desert.<\/span><\/p>\n","image":{"ID":79371,"id":79371,"title":"zech6-chariots2","filename":"zech6-chariots2.jpg","filesize":0,"url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/zech6-chariots2.jpg","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/four-chariots-four-kingdoms-four-winds\/zech6-chariots2\/","alt":"","author":"7","description":"","caption":"","name":"zech6-chariots2","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":79370,"date":"2020-08-29 21:05:42","modified":"2022-05-03 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