{"id":78621,"date":"2020-08-10T15:56:50","date_gmt":"2020-08-10T12:56:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/?p=78621"},"modified":"2020-08-10T15:56:50","modified_gmt":"2020-08-10T12:56:50","slug":"confronting-god","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/confronting-god\/","title":{"rendered":"Confronting God"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[281],"tags":[],"acf":{"old_id":"78621","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":33877,"related_cahpter":"543","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content":{"description":"The prophetic Job\r\n\r\n","content":"

The Book of Habakkuk begins with a superscription indicating only that what follows is the \u201cpronouncement that the Prophet Habakkuk divined \u2013 <\/span>Ha-Massa\u2019 \u2018asher Hazah Habakkuk Ha-Navi<\/span><\/em>\u2019<\/span><\/i>\u201d (Habakkuk 1:1). In the Hebrew Bible, this Prophet\u2019s name is recorded only here and in Habakkuk 3:1 but may be related etymologically to the Hebrew root <\/span>h-b-k<\/span><\/em>, \u201cembrace\u201d. Habakkuk\u2019s mention of the rise of the Chaldeans (1:6) leads modern biblical scholars to date his prophetic activity from the end of the 7<\/span>th<\/span> century to the beginning of the 6<\/span>th<\/span> century BCE. Unlike most other prophets, Habakkuk confronts God rather than presenting God as confronting people.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

From the beginning of his prophetic oracles, Habakkuk questions divine justice, particularly how violence and evil can possibly serve God\u2019s purpose in the world: \u201cHow long, O Lord, shall I cry out and You not listen. Shall I shout to You, \u2018Violence!\u2019 and You not save? … Strife continues and contention goes on\u2026\u201d (1:2-3). Habakkuk\u2019s strident confrontation with God led Yehezkel Kaufmann to label Habakkuk \u201cthe Prophetic Job.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Habakkuk appears again in the Apocryphal work <\/span>Bel and the Dragon<\/span><\/em>, preserved in the Septuagint as a continuation of the Book of Daniel. Here we are told that Daniel was in the lions\u2019 den for six days without being eaten by the lions and without eating \u2026 Now the prophet Habakkuk was in Judea. An angel of the Lord said to him: \u201cTake the food that you have to Babylon, to Daniel, in the lions\u2019 den.\u201d Habakkuk said: \u201cSir, I have never seen Babylon, and I know nothing about the den.\u201d So, the angel of the Lord took him and carried him by his hair. With the speed of the wind, he set him down in Babylon, right over the den. Habakkuk shouted: \u201cDaniel, Daniel! Take the food that God has sent you\u2026So, Daniel got up and ate. And the angel of God immediately returned Habakkuk to his own place…<\/span><\/p>\n

Among the Dead Sea Scrolls was discovered a <\/span>Pesher<\/span><\/em> (i.e. Commentary) to the Book of Habakkuk (1QpHab), dated to the second half of the first century BCE. According to this work, the Chaldeans, mentioned in Habakkuk 1:6 are the Romans (referred to as the <\/span>Kittim<\/span><\/i>), who conquered and ruled Judea at this time. Despite the fragmentary nature of the preserved text, this contemporizing interpretation becomes clear from the commentary on Habakkuk 1:6: \u201c\u2026behold I am raising up the Chaldeans — <\/span>Pesher<\/em> <\/span>about how the <\/span>Kittim<\/span><\/i> (i.e.Romans) \u2026 speedy ones and mighty men in war to destroy \u2026 from the government of the Romans to do evil\u2026\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Midrash Exodus Rabbah 38:2 interprets Habakkuk 1:12 as referring to human mortality: \u201cYou, O Lord, are from everlasting! My holy God! We shall never die\u201d. Before Adam ate from the forbidden fruit, mankind was never to suffer death. But because Adam ignored Your command, \u201cO Lord, You have made them [human beings] subject to the judgement [of death]\u201d (end verse 12).<\/span><\/p>\n

image: Statue of Habakkuk by Donatello, in the Museo dell’Opera del Duomo of Florence, 1423 \/ wikipedia<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","image":{"ID":78622,"id":78622,"title":"hab1-habakkuk_Donatello","filename":"hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","filesize":0,"url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/confronting-god\/hab1-habakkuk_donatello\/","alt":"","author":"7","description":"","caption":"","name":"hab1-habakkuk_donatello","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":78621,"date":"2020-08-10 12:55:54","modified":"2020-08-10 12:56:03","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","type":"image","subtype":"jpeg","icon":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":320,"height":714,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello-134x300.jpg","medium-width":134,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","medium_large-width":320,"medium_large-height":714,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","large-width":320,"large-height":714,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","1536x1536-width":320,"1536x1536-height":714,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","2048x2048-width":320,"2048x2048-height":714,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","post_full_size-width":320,"post_full_size-height":714,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello-188x420.jpg","home_baner-width":188,"home_baner-height":420}},"embedded_video":"","video_duration":"","show_fb_comments":true,"credit_media":""},"tile":{"top_caption":"","main_caption":"Confronting God","main_caption_size":"1","sub_caption":"The prophetic Job","preview_embedded":"","preview_image":{"ID":78622,"id":78622,"title":"hab1-habakkuk_Donatello","filename":"hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","filesize":0,"url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/confronting-god\/hab1-habakkuk_donatello\/","alt":"","author":"7","description":"","caption":"","name":"hab1-habakkuk_donatello","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":78621,"date":"2020-08-10 12:55:54","modified":"2020-08-10 12:56:03","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","type":"image","subtype":"jpeg","icon":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":320,"height":714,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello-134x300.jpg","medium-width":134,"medium-height":300,"medium_large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","medium_large-width":320,"medium_large-height":714,"large":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","large-width":320,"large-height":714,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","1536x1536-width":320,"1536x1536-height":714,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","2048x2048-width":320,"2048x2048-height":714,"post_full_size":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello.jpg","post_full_size-width":320,"post_full_size-height":714,"home_baner":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hab1-habakkuk_Donatello-188x420.jpg","home_baner-width":188,"home_baner-height":420}},"preview_video":"","external_link":"","link_for_pay":false,"tile_gallery_items":false,"credits":""},"alternate_tile":{"top_caption":"","main_caption":"","main_caption_size":"1","sub_caption":"","hide_media":false},"tile_group":{"preview_image_url":false,"main_caption":"","sub_caption":"","":null,"popup_package_extra_content":"","read_time":""},"home_color":"","home_gallery_top":"","home_gallery_middle":"","home_gallery_book":"","home_gallery_bottom":"","seo":{"seo_title":"","seo_description":"","seo_default_title":"","seo_default_description":""},"links":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78621"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78621"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78623,"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78621\/revisions\/78623"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}