{"id":44262,"date":"2018-11-18T17:59:50","date_gmt":"2018-11-18T15:59:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/?p=44262"},"modified":"2022-06-13T11:10:16","modified_gmt":"2022-06-13T08:10:16","slug":"body-and-or-soul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/body-and-or-soul\/","title":{"rendered":"Body and\/or Soul"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"entry-content\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":50634,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[281],"tags":[387,585,616],"acf":{"old_id":"44262","type":"no","iframe":"","writer":38047,"related_cahpter":"92","type_929":"2","show_author_image":false,"old_create_date":"","old_url":"","post_main_content":{"description":"The offerings of time, effort, and substance we can bring in the post-Temple world require no less ","content":"<p style=\"direction: ltr;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWhen a person presents an offering of meal to the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eternal\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Leviticus 2:1).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The subject of this verse, and its first word in Hebrew, is \u05e0\u05b6\u05e4\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1 <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nefesh<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. On the most basic level, <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nefesh<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> refers to the windpipe, the physical organ through which we (and many other creatures) breathe, that which makes life possible on the most elemental level. This, for example, is its meaning in Psalm 69:2 \u201cDeliver me, O God, for the waters have reached my <em>nefesh<\/em>, neck.\u201d From there, it is but a short step to the meaning \u201cliving being\u201d as in first chapters of Genesis (1:20-21, 2:7, 19). Figuratively, it is later understood by many to mean<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/mg.alhatorah.org\/Dictionary\/5315\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201clife-force,\u201d \u201csoul\u201d and \u201cseat of emotions and passions<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The translators of the new JPS version disagreed. The explanatory volume <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Notes on the New Translation of the Torah<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Harry M. Orlinsky, ed.) states, \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>nefesh<\/em> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">connote[s] approximately \u2018being, person, self, creature,\u2019 even \u2018body\u2019 or whatever is needed to sustain life\u201d (pp. 59-60). The idea that a person has a separate \u201csoul,\u201d they explain, developed very late in the Biblical period \u201conly after the idea of resurrection (after 200 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BCE<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">., early in the Maccabean period; cf. Daniel 12:2-3) came into being\u201d (p. 60). Thus, the translation \u201ca person,\u201d above. Baruch Levine in<\/span> <em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The JPS Torah Commentary: Leviticus<\/span> <\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">adds a specifying comment: \u201can individual as part of a group.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although we ought not lose sight of the original meaning of the text, modern readers should, I believe, keep the full range interpretation in mind. The multivalence of words and multivocality of its components allows us to read the Bible as a living text despite its antiquity. In the current instance, a <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nefesh<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> brings an offering to the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eternal<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. To do that well, (we) finite beings must marshal all aspects of their (our) existence: physical, mental, emotional, spiritual and communal. We no longer bring offerings in the form of choice flour and oil, incense or lambs. Surely, the offerings of time, effort, and substance we can bring in the post-Temple world require no less than fullness of our being.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","image":{"ID":79615,"id":79615,"title":"zech12-soul","filename":"zech12-soul.jpg","filesize":0,"url":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/zech12-soul.jpg","link":"https:\/\/wp.929.org.il\/en\/the-human-soul\/zech12-soul\/","alt":"","author":"7","description":"","caption":"","name":"zech12-soul","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":79614,"date":"2020-09-05 17:27:48","modified":"2022-06-15 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